共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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在渐近混合模型中,混合现象发生在每一世代,通过对其混合连锁不平衡的理论分析,发现混合连锁不平衡与两个子群体间的基因频率差成正比。基于这一点,构造了一个对重组率严格单调的函数(△ker=△/(p1-p2),其中△代表连锁不平衡),进而据此推断标记基因座与疾病基因座的遗传连锁。应用人类基因组上不连锁的标记基因提供的连锁不平衡信息,基于病人组数据构造了一个准似然比统计量。模拟结果显示,此检验可用于精确的基因定位。文章亦讨论了参数对检验的影响。 相似文献
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家蚕性连锁平衡致死系(S-14)雄蚕的两条Z染色体分别携带有一个非等位、紧密连锁的隐性胚胎期致死基因l1(lethal gene1)和l2(lethal gene2)。两个致死基因的致死时期分别是转青期和G2期。将S-14品系的雄蚕和家蚕P50品系的野生型雌蚕杂交,F1代雄蚕和P50品系雌蚕回交,即P50×(P50×S14)。回交后代雌蛾根据父本(F1代雄蚕)携带l1或l2基因分成两类BC1-l1和BC1-l2,分别用来做l1和l2基因定位。利用公布的家蚕全基因组序列筛选l1基因和l2基因所在Z染色体与P50品系Z染色体间的差异SSR标记,分别获得16个和18个差异性SSR标记,用差异性标记检测BC1-l1和BC1-l2,最终将l1基因定位在Z染色体物理图谱中的19.79Mb位点到染色体末端约2.60Mb范围内,将l2基因定位在Z染色体物理图谱的17.86Mb位点到18.55Mb位点约0.69Mb范围内。 相似文献
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利用全基因组连锁不平衡估计中国荷斯坦牛有效群体大小 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
有效群体大小是群体遗传学研究的一个重要内容,有助于我们更清楚地了解群体的遗传变异、进化和复杂性状的遗传机制等。随着高密度SNP标记的出现,越来越多的研究利用SNP标记间连锁不平衡估计有效群体大小。文章采集北京地区中国荷斯坦牛2 093个样本,并利用牛SNP芯片(Illumina BovineSNP50,含5 4001 SNPs)进行基因型测定,估计不同世代中国荷斯坦牛的有效群体大小。质量控制标准设定为SNP检出率0.95,最小等位基因频率>0.05,样本检出率0.95,哈代温伯格平衡检验显著性水平P<0.0001。经过质量控制,共1 968个样本和38 796个SNPs用于连锁不平衡分析。文章选取SNP间距0.1、0.2、0.5、1、2、5、10、15(Mb),估计中国荷斯坦牛在4世代之前有效群体大小。结果表明,中国荷斯坦牛的有效群体呈逐代下降趋势,至4世代前,中国荷斯坦牛平均有效群体为45头左右。 相似文献
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多基因疾病相关基因定位的研究策略 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
多基因疾病既是影响世界上多数人生命健康和生活质量的重要因素, 也是长期困惑广大科研人员的难题之一. 对多篇相关文献进行综合比较的结果说明: 研究样本、遗传标记的选择和遗传统计方法是多基因疾病研究中必须优先考虑的三个方面, 它直接决定了实验设计的可能性和结果的合理性. 其中, 样本的选择尤为重要, 不同群体的样本在多基因疾病相关基因定位的不同阶段所起的作用不同, 有的适合于疾病相关基因初步定位, 有的适合于精细定位和疾病的群体关联分析. 遗传标记的选择和遗传统计方法是由实验目的、样本特点和资料的完整情况等决定的. 对不同的统计结果应采 用适当的标准, 以排除假阳性. 相似文献
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本文分析了家畜近亲繁殖群体连锁位点基因遗传平衡的实现,推导出了配子型频率及基因型频率通用递推公式.研究证明,近交群体不同于随机交配大群体,其连锁不平衡值d(绝对值)随世代的下降速率不仅取决于重组率,而且也依赖于近交速率.近交越剧烈,则d下降越慢;达平衡态时,近交群体d值并不一定等于0.连锁越紧密,近交越剧烈,则平衡d值越大.最后讨论了研究结果在家畜育种中的应用. 相似文献
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人基因组连锁分析和基因定位 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
连锁分析是确定基因之间连锁关系的统计学方法,是目前进行基因定位的重要手段,LOD法是最为常用的有效的连锁分析的方法,本文连锁分析原理,方法和应用成果及前瞻等三方面进行了介绍。 相似文献
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Collins A 《Molecular biotechnology》2009,41(1):83-89
The linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure of the human genome is now well understood and characterised for a number of human populations. The LD structure underpins the design and execution of candidate gene and genome-wide association mapping studies. Successful association mapping studies completed to date provide vital new insights into the genetic influences on common diseases, such as diabetes, some cancers and heart disease. The LD structure also presents new avenues of research into the genetic history of human populations, the effects of natural selection and the impact of recombination on the genomic landscape. This review introduces this exciting and complex field by encompassing this range of topics. 相似文献
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非平衡群体基因变异测量的Shannon信息量方法 总被引:14,自引:2,他引:14
在Shannon信息量的基础上,对非平衡群体建立了群体基因型相对信息量S′(G),纯合体相对信息量S′J(G)、杂合体相对信息量S′H(G)的概念,并赋予它们以遗传学意义,与基因一致度J和基因多样度D进行了理论比较,结果表明,二者在数量规律上有很好的一致性,但又是相对独立的指标体系,且各相对信息量还有新的内涵。S′(G)既能表征基因变异,又能反映基因型水平上的遗传变异,S′J(G)主要反映纯合体的遗传变异,S′H(G)主要反映杂合体的遗传变异,各相对信息量既可反映群体的遗传变异程度,又能比较不同位点间的遗传变异程度。 相似文献
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本文以黄花烟草N.rustica的两个品种V_2和V_(12)为材料,人工创造4个随机交配轮次不同的群体,对开花期(FT)和最后株高(FH)两个性状在理论上探讨了随机交配群体中连锁对世代平均数和方差的影响,并用上述材料进行验证。结果指出,在平均数和方差两种水平上都测定出连锁的存在;无论是加性方差还是显性方差,都随着交配轮次的增加而减少,这是相引连锁的表现。本文还讨论了基因连锁强度、基因联合程度对世代平均数和方差的影响。 相似文献
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Juha Kere 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2010,396(1):143-146
The success stories of identifying genes in Mendelian disorders have stimulated research that aims at identifying the genetic determinants in complex disorders, in which both genetics, environment and chance affect the pathogenetic processes. This review summarizes the brief history and lessons learned from genetic analysis of complex disorders and outlines some landscapes ahead for medical research. 相似文献
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Leeyoung Park 《PloS one》2012,7(10)
The fluctuation of population size has not been well studied in the previous studies of theoretical linkage disequilibrium (LD) expectation. In this study, an improved theoretical prediction of LD decay was derived to account for the effects of changes in effective population sizes. The equation was used to estimate effective population size (Ne) assuming a constant Ne and LD at equilibrium, and these Ne estimates implied the past changes of Ne for a certain number of generations until equilibrium, which differed based on recombination rate. As the influence of recent population history on the Ne estimates is larger than old population history, recent changes in population size can be inferred more accurately than old changes. The theoretical predictions based on this improved expression showed accurate agreement with the simulated values. When applied to human genome data, the detailed recent history of human populations was obtained. The inferred past population history of each population showed good correspondence with historical studies. Specifically, four populations (three African ancestries and one Mexican ancestry) showed population growth that was significantly less than that of other populations, and two populations originated from China showed prominent exponential growth. During the examination of overall LD decay in the human genome, a selection pressure on chromosome 14, the gephyrin gene, was observed in all populations. 相似文献
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Comparison of Linkage Disequilibrium in Elite European Maize Inbred Lines using AFLP and SSR Markers 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Benjamin Stich Hans P. Maurer Albrecht E. Melchinger Matthias Frisch Martin Heckenberger Jeroen Rouppe van der Voort Johan Peleman Anker P. Sørensen Jochen C. Reif 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2006,17(3):217-226
Application of association mapping to plant breeding populations has the potential to revolutionize plant genetics. The main
objectives of this study were to (i) investigate the extent and genomic distribution of linkage disequilibrium (LD) between
pairs of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers, (ii) compare these results with those obtained with simple
sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and (iii) compare the usefulness of AFLP and SSR markers for genomewide association mapping
in plant breeding populations. We examined LD in a cross-section of 72 European elite inbred lines genotyped with 452 AFLP
and 93 SSR markers. LD was significant (p < 0.05) for about 15% of the AFLP marker pairs and for about 49% of the SSR marker pairs in each of the two germplasm groups,
flint and dent. In both germplasm groups the ratio of linked to unlinked loci pairs in LD was higher for AFLPs than for SSRs.
The observation of LD due to linkage for both marker types suggested that genome-wide association mapping should be possible
using either AFLPs or SSRs. The results of our study indicated that SSRs should be favored over AFLPs but the opposite applies
to populations with a long history of recombination. 相似文献