降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死33例疗效观察

目的 观察国产番桃花牌降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法 首次给予降纤酶１０ｕ加入１００ｍｌ生理盐水中静滴。然后隔日用５ｕ,５次为１疗程。２周后观察临床表现和测定纤维蛋白原、血小板计数、红细胞压积变化。结果 降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死能有效地改善患者的临床症状,降低纤维蛋白原和红细胞压积。结论 降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死的疗效显著。     

降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死前瞻性,随机双盲对照研究

目的　评价国产降纤酶 ( Defibrase)治疗急性脑梗死的有效性和安全性。　方法　应用随机双盲安慰剂对照方法 ,4 3例给予降纤酶 1 0 u、 5 u、 5 u隔日 1次 ,加入生理盐水中静脉滴注 ,4 3例给予安慰剂静脉滴注。　结果　降纤酶组神经功能缺损程度评分及 Barthel氏指数优于安慰剂组 ,但两组间未达到统计学差异。降纤酶组明显降低了血浆纤维蛋白原。　结论　降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死 ,具有安全性和有效性。     

降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死的临床观察

目的　探讨降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。　方法　符合入选条件发病 6～ 2 4 h的急性脑梗死患者 1 2 0例 ,随机分为治疗组与对照组。治疗组 60例在应用同等药物治疗的同时 ,加用降纤酶首次 1 0 u静脉滴注 ,其后每日 5u维持治疗 5天。治疗前后测定纤维蛋白原、凝血酶原时间 ,评定神经功能恢复情况。　结果　治疗组有效率 87% ,对照组有效率 62 %。　结论　降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死安全有效     

降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的　探讨降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死的疗效　方法　采用随机抽样分组方法 ,将 60例病人分为治疗组和对照组 ,治疗组在对照组的治疗基础上 ,加用降纤酶首量 1 0 u加入生理盐水 2 50 ml中静滴 ,以后 5u,隔天 1次 ,共 4次为 1疗程。疗程结束后进行疗效比较　结果　治疗组显效率 90 % ,对照组显效率 4 3.3% ;血浆纤维蛋白原治疗组显著下降 ,对照组无明显变化　结论　降纤酶降低纤维蛋白原显著 ,并具有抗凝、溶栓、降低血液粘滞度的作用 ,治疗急性脑梗死疗效确切 ,无毒副作用     

降纤酶与尼莫地平治疗脑梗死的疗效比较

目的 观察纤纤酶对急性脑梗死患者血浆纤维蛋白原的变化,探讨溶栓与一般离梗死的临床效果。方法 治疗组静脉滴注降纤酶,对组一胸脉滴注尼莫地平。两组分别于用药前,治疗第1天、第7天、第14天测定纤维蛋白原、凝血酶原时间、肝肾功能、神经功能缺损评分及头颅CT。治疗14天进行疗效评定。结果 治疗组治疗前后比较血浆纤维蛋白原明显降低,对照组无明显变化,两组治疗前后比较凝血酶原时间均延长,组临床疗效明显优于对照组（P＜0.025）。结论 降纤酶对血浆纤维蛋白原有明显降低作用,可起到直接溶解和预防血栓形成,是治疗和预防脑梗死的有效药物。     

降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死临床疗效观察

目的　为评价国产降纤酶对急性脑梗死的治疗效果及安全性。　方法　以低分子右旋糖酐、钙离子拮抗剂、银杏制剂为对照药 ,从 1 998年 1月至 1 999年 1月共观察脑梗死急性期脑梗死 (发病 7天内 )病人 30例 ,对照组 1 4例。　结果　用降纤酶治疗脑梗死第 1天 ,临床症状即出现明显改善 ,其疗效在治疗后第 1天、第 7天、第 1 4天均明显优于对照组。　结论　认为降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死疗效是肯定的。从实验室检查发现 ,降纤酶可明显降低纤维蛋白原 ,并使凝血酶原时间延长 ,这与以往研究结果完全一致 ,表明降纤酶是通过降低纤维蛋白原而改善临床症状的。本组研究资料提示 ,降纤酶可降低血浆中纤维蛋白原 ,对急性脑梗死有明显疗效 ,未发现有明显副作用。因此 ,我们认为在有凝血指标监护下使用降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死是安全有效的 ,值得在临床上进一步推广。     

降纤酶双盲对照治疗急性脑梗死109例

目的　评价降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效及与中药川芎嗪的比较。　方法　采用前瞻性、随机、双盲对照的方法。选择 2 4 h内的患者。降纤酶第 1天 1 0 u,第 3、 5天各 5 u静滴。　结果　降纤酶组急性期治愈率高于对照组 ,有显著差异 ;1 2周治愈率接近。神经功能缺损评分及 Barthel指数略好于对照组 ,但无显著差异。降纤酶组治疗后纤维蛋白原明显降低 ,与治疗前及对照组比较 ,有非常显著差异。结论　降纤酶有显著降低血纤维蛋白原作用 ,对 2 4 h内急性脑梗死疗效较川芎嗪略好。无明显毒副作用。     

降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死29例临床分析

目的 评价降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死的确切疗效。方法 应用前瞻性随机双盲对照试验方法。以神经功能缺失评分,日常生活功能状态评分,血纤维蛋白原等为指标,评价降纤酶的疗效。结果 降纤酶治疗组显著改善了神经功能缺失,降低了评分,提高了日常生活状态,降低了血纤维蛋白原水平。结论 降纤酶可能通过降低血纤维蛋白原水平,从而保护缺血神经地,改善脑供血和神经功能状态,对急性脑梗死具有确切的疗效。     

降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死临床疗效观察

目的 为了观察降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死临床疗效及其安全性。方法 采用随机双盲对照方法,对４０例（治疗组２１例,对照组１９例）发病２￣２４ｈ的急性发编号随机用药（降纤酶或安慰剂）,首次１０ｕ,第３、５天５ｕ分别加入生理盐水２５０ｍｌ缓慢静滴,同时应用钙拮抗剂 血化瘀等。用药前后分别检测纤维蛋白原（Ｆｇ）,凝血酶原时间（ＰＴ）,凝血的活动度（ＰＡ）,其中１８例（治疗组１０例,对照组８例）还检测了优球蛋白酶     

降纤酶治疗高粘血症40例报告

目的：观察降纤酶治疗高粘血症患者的临床疗效。方法用生理盐水２５０ｍｌ加降纤酶５ｕ,体重超过６５ｋｇ和１０ｕ,静脉滴注,每天１次,连用３天,第４天停用,第５天开始隔天静脉滴注降纤酶５ｕ或者１０ｕ,总量６０ｕ。结果降纤酶能明显地降低高粘血症患者的血液粘度、纤维蛋白原、红细胞聚集指数、微循环滞留时间等,同时也能使患者原有临床症状和体征以及微循环得到明显改善,结论降纤酶是治疗高粘血症的有效药物。     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Monovalent Cation Permeation through the Connexin40 Gap Junction Channel : Cs,Rb, K,Na, Li,TEA, TMA,TBA, and Effects of Anions Br,Cl, F,Acetate, Aspartate,Glutamate, and NO3

The unitary conductances and permeability sequences of the rat connexin40 (rCx40) gap junction channels to seven monovalent cations and anions were studied in rCx40-transfected neuroblastoma 2A (N2A) cell pairs using the dual whole cell recording technique. Chloride salt cation substitutions (115 mM principal salt) resulted in the following junctional maximal single channel current-voltage relationship slope conductances (γ_j in pS): CsCl (153), RbCl (148), KCl (142), NaCl (115), LiCl (86), TMACl (71), TEACl (63). Reversible block of the rCx40 channel was observed with TBA. Potassium anion salt γ_j are: Kglutamate (160), Kacetate (160), Kaspartate (158), KNO₃ (157), KF (148), KCl (142), and KBr (132). Ion selectivity was verified by measuring reversal potentials for current in rCx40 gap junction channels with asymmetric salt solutions in the two electrodes and using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation to calculate relative permeabilities. The permeabilities relative to Li⁺ are: Cs⁺ (1.38), Rb⁺ (1.32), K⁺ (1.31), Na⁺ (1.16), TMA⁺ (0.53), TEA⁺ (0.45), TBA⁺ (0.03), Cl⁻ (0.19), glutamate⁻ (0.04), and NO₃− (0.14), assuming that the monovalent anions permeate the channel by forming ion pairs with permeant monovalent cations within the pore thereby causing proportionate decreases in the channel conductance. This hypothesis can account for why the predicted increasing conductances with increasing ion mobilities in an essentially aqueous channel were not observed for anions in the rCx40 channel. The rCx40 effective channel radius is estimated to be 6.6 Å from a theoretical fit of the relationship of relative permeability and cation radius.     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

Reliability of Analyses of Hg,Fe, Ca,K, P,pH, Alkalinity,Conductivity, Hardness and Colour from Lakes

The aim of this report has been to present results concerning analytical quality controls of Hg analysis of fish and sediment, analyses of Fe, Ca, total-P, K, pH, alkalinity, conductivity, colour and hardness (Ca + Mg) of lake water samples. Despite the fact that these are standard parameters in many regular water control programs, there are major differences in the reliability with which these parameters can be determined. The focus here is on an overall inter-laboratory comparison between the parameters. Six laboratories have been involved in the analysis. Selected results: pH gives the lowest (average) relative standard deviation (error), about 2 %; conductivity gives an error of about 5–7 %; alkalinity yields an average error of as much as 13–25 %, which is the largest among the parameters studied here; colour also gives a high error, 9–15 %; hardness gives a relative standard deviation of about 6–7 %. Of the other parameters (i. e., Hg, Fe, Ca and P), Hg gives the best reliability and Fe and P the lowest. To have knowledge of the reliability of the analytical data is of paramount importance in most control programs and research projects.     

Competitive inhibition and selectivity enhancement by Ca in the uptake of inorganic elements (Be, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sc, Mn, Co, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ce, Pm, Gd, Hf) by carrot (Daucus carota cv. U.S. harumakigosun)

We investigated the uptake of inorganic elements (Be, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sc, Mn, Co, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ce, Pm, Gd, and Hf) and the effect of Ca on their uptake in carrots (Daucus carota cv. U.S. harumakigosun) by the radioactive multitracer technique. The experimental results suggested that Na, Mg, K, and Rb competed for the functional groups outside the cells in roots with Ca but not for the transporter-binding sites on the plasma membrrane of the root cortex cells. In contrast, Y, Ce, Pm, and Gd competed with Ca for the transporters on the plasma membrane. The selectivity, which was defined as the value obtained by dividing the concentration ratio of an elemental pair, K/Na, Rb/Na, Be/Sr, and Mg/Sr, in the presence of 0.2 and 2 ppm Ca by that of the corresponding elemental pair in the absence of Ca in the solution was estimated. The selectivity of K and Rb in roots was increased in the presence of Ca. The selectivity of Be in roots was not affected, whereas the selectivity of Mg was increased by Ca. These observations suggest that the presence of Ca in the uptake solution enhances the selectivity in the uptake of metabolically important elements against unwanted elements.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.