Isolation of some strains ofCorynebacterium fascians (Tilford) Dowson in Czechoslovakia

Four strains of the phytopathogenic bacteriumCorynebacterium fascians (Tilford)Dowson were selected from our isolates and deposited in the Czechoslovak National Collection of Type Cultures (CNCTC) of the Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Prague. Two very virulent (Cor 83/82 “UPR” and Cor 82/81 “UP”) and one avirulent (Cor 81/80 “CP1b”) pelargonium strains, producing acid from rhamnose, were isolated from fasciations onPelargonium zonale W. One avirulent celery strain ofC. fascians (Cor 80/80 “CF4a”) was isolated from a root expiant ofApium graveolens L. growing on a nutrient mediumin vitro. Morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical characteristics of these selected Czechoslovak isolates were compared with the American patented strain cotype ATCC 12974.     

DNA-DNA homology studies among strains of Arthrobacter and Brevibacterium

Sixteen named strains of Arthrobacter and two strains of Brevibacterium were investigated by nucleic acid hybridisation. The Arthrobacter strains show homology values ranging between 11 and 55% to the type strain A. globiformis DSM 20124 (ATCC 8010), indicating only a low to moderate relationship. Two strains of A. globiformis, DSM 20124 and DSM 20125, exhibit only poor relationship to one another (30%). Among all the Arthrobacter strains the homology data range between 10 to 70% demonstrating separate status of almost all species. Only A. polychromogenes DSM 20136 was found to be a subspecies of A. oxydans DSM 20119. The type strain of A. citreus, DSM 20133 shows a remarkable lack of homology to four other strains of A. citreus, deposited as ATCC 15170, ATCC 17775, ATCC 21040 and ATCC 21348 (11–13%) which themselves can be separated into two groups according to the homology data (24–31%). Each of the two strains of Brevibacterium share high genetic relatedness with one of these A. citreus groups (71 and 73%, respectively). According to the DNA-DNA homology data, most of the species of Arthrobacter can actually be ranged taxonomically as species.Abbreviation DSM German Collection of Microorganisms, Menzinger Strasse 67, D-8000 Munich 19, FRG - ATCC American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, Maryland, U.S.A. - CCM Czechoslovak Collection of Microorganisms, J. E. Purkyne University, Tr. Obracu miru 10, Brno, CSSR - NCIB National Collection of Industrial Bacteria Aberdeen, Scotland     

Serological and Bacteriological Investigation of Mycobacterium ranae (fortuitum)

Twenty strains of a species of fast growing Mycobacterium, some named M. fortuitum and others said to be similar to the strain of M. peregrinum, in the possession of the National Collection of Type Cultures, were examined serologically and bacteriologically. They were all found to be of the same species, but they were divisible into four serotypes (I to IV), on a basis of three variable antigens, which do not exactly correspond to the subspecies described in previous reports. The strains varied in the number of years that they had been kept in culture and were of widely divergent origin. With the exception of serotype II strains, which all came from sputa from Welsh miners, the serotypes were independent of years in culture or site of origin. Based on bacteriological and serological identity and chronological priority, we consider that M. ranae (Kuster) Bergey et al. should be reinstated in place of M. fortuitum Cruz. A modified scheme for identification of the species is proposed, which would not exclude any of the four serotypes.     

Species identification of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Campylobacter jejuni</Emphasis> ssp. <Emphasis Type="Italic">jejuni</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">C. coli</Emphasis> by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and PCR

The Campylobacter species strains (n = 42; isolated from clinical samples and deposited in Czech National Collection of Type Cultures, Prague) originally phenotypically (and biochemically) identified as Campylobacter jejuni were re-classified using molecular biological and mass spectrometric methods. Whole-cell MALDI-TOF MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry) separated the isolates into two genetically related strains — C. jejuni (n = 26) and C. coli (n = 16) and, moreover, distinguished the intimate details in the group of tested strains. It also made it possible to create the MALDI-TOF MS dendrogram; similarly, the spectral characteristics were used for the 3D cluster analysis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed the results obtained by mass spectrometry. Both methods (PCR and MALDI-TOF MS) gave the same results which supports their suitability in the rapid and accurate Campylobacter-species determination. Part of this work was presented at the 24th Congress of Czechoslovak Society for Microbiology, Liberec (Czech Republic) 2007.     

中国双距螯蜂属一新种(膜翅目,螯蜂科)

记述采自山东平阴玫瑰上叶蝉寄生蜂1新种:长节双距螯蜂Gonatopus prolixus sp.nov..模式标本保存于浙江大学寄生蜂标本室.     

山西真菌蚊属二新种记述：双翅目：菌蚊科

山西真菌蚊属二新种记述（双翅目：菌蚊科）吴鸿,杨集昆浙江林学院林学系,浙江省临安县３１１３００北京农业大学植物保护系,北京市１０００９４关键词双翅目,菌蚊科,真菌蚊属,新种,中国本文描述了采自中国山西省的菌蚊科真菌蚊属２新种,模式标本保存于北京农业大...     

中国叶蜂两新种(膜翅目,叶蜂科)

记述了中国叶蜂两新种:黑腹近脉叶蜂Phymatoceropsis melanogaster sp.nov.和宽环钝颊叶蜂Aglaostigma laticinctum sp.nov.,前者与Phymatoceropsis stigmaticalis Wei et Nie近似,但头部、胸部侧板、胸部腹板黄褐色,翅痣黑色,后翅臀室柄微短于cu-a脉,锯腹片19刃,阳茎瓣头叶近横方形,下腹角显著突出等,差别显著,易于鉴别;后者与Aglaostigma bicolor Wei和Aglaostigma tertium Zinovjev近似,但触角黑色,腹部背板第1和第3节、第7～10节、内眶中下部条斑、后眶中上部宽斑白色,后足股节褐色,前翅2Rs室短于1Rs,后胸后侧片后角宽圆,触角短,约等长于头胸部之和,容易与后二种鉴别.新种模式标本保存于中南林学院昆虫模式标本室.     

Cellulose in cyanobacteria. Origin of vascular plant cellulose synthase?

Although cellulose biosynthesis among the cyanobacteria has been suggested previously, we present the first conclusive evidence, to our knowledge, of the presence of cellulose in these organisms. Based on the results of x-ray diffraction, electron microscopy of microfibrils, and cellobiohydrolase I-gold labeling, we report the occurrence of cellulose biosynthesis in nine species representing three of the five sections of cyanobacteria. Sequence analysis of the genomes of four cyanobacteria revealed the presence of multiple amino acid sequences bearing the DDD35QXXRW motif conserved in all cellulose synthases. Pairwise alignments demonstrated that CesAs from plants were more similar to putative cellulose synthases from Anabaena sp. Pasteur Culture Collection 7120 and Nostoc punctiforme American Type Culture Collection 29133 than any other cellulose synthases in the database. Multiple alignments of putative cellulose synthases from Anabaena sp. Pasteur Culture Collection 7120 and N. punctiforme American Type Culture Collection 29133 with the cellulose synthases of other prokaryotes, Arabidopsis, Gossypium hirsutum, Populus alba x Populus tremula, corn (Zea mays), and Dictyostelium discoideum showed that cyanobacteria share an insertion between conserved regions U1 and U2 found previously only in eukaryotic sequences. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis indicates that the cyanobacterial cellulose synthases share a common branch with CesAs of vascular plants in a manner similar to the relationship observed with cyanobacterial and chloroplast 16s rRNAs, implying endosymbiotic transfer of CesA from cyanobacteria to plants and an ancient origin for cellulose synthase in eukaryotes.     

多胚跳小蜂属一新种记述(膜翅目:跳小蜂科)

记述采自黑龙江省的跳小蜂科1新种:无缘多胚跳小蜂Copidosoma amarginalia,sp.nov.,模式标本保存于东北林业大学昆虫标本室。     

中国方颜叶蜂属(膜翅目,叶蜂科)种团二新种

记述方颜叶蜂属Pachyprotasis pallidistigma种团2新种:周氏方颜叶蜂Pachyprotasis zhoui Wei et Zhong,sp. nov.和稻城方颜叶蜂Pachyprotasis daochengensis Wei et Zhong, sp. nov..新种模式标本保存在中南林业科技大学昆虫模式标本室.     

山西省三叉蚜茧蜂属一新种(膜翅目：蚜茧蜂科)

作者于1989年5月31日,在山西农业大学校园内毛白杨树上采集到数头僵蚜,经室内饲养,羽化出蜂,经鉴定为三叉蚜茧蜂属一新种,现记述如下。长度单位为mm。杨三叉蚜革蜂Trioxyspopuli新种（图1）雌虫：头横形,较翅基片处胸宽。头部三单眼呈锐角或近直角三角形,后颊与复眼横径近等长。复眼小,卵圆形。触角11节,第一鞭节长为基宽的3信强,与第二鞭节近等长,端鞭节细长,长为亚端鞭节的2信弱,各鞭节密生半直立长毛。胸部中胸盾片适度隆起,光滑毛稀。盾纵沟全程清晰,其边缘具毛。并胸腹节具宽大五边形小室,前中纵脊短,光滑毛稀。前翅…     

中国隙毡蚧属一新种(半翅目,蚧总科,毡蚧科)(英文)

记述采自我国河南省嵩县白云山红桦 Betula ablosinensis上的隙毡蚧属1新种:红桦隙毡蚧Kuwanina betula sp.nov..同时给出了该属分种检索表.模式标本保存在北京林业大学昆虫标本室.     

On the Identity of the Amoeboflagllates Didascalus throntoni and Adelphamoeba galeacystis

ABSTRACT. Didascalus thorntoni , Singh 1952 has been classified alternately as a separate genus or as a species of Naegleria. In the 18th edition of the American Type Culture Collection catalogue it is classified as Naegleria thorntoni. To resolve the question of its identity we have used riboprinting and sequencing of the small subunit ribosomal DNA. The results indicate that D. thorntoni does not belong to the genus Naegleria. The sequence of the small subunit ribosomal DNA differs only in 20 nucleotides (1%) from that of the Paratetramitus jugosus. The difference is much smaller than between some species of Naegleria. Therefore, it is not clear whether D. thorntoni should be considered as a species of Paratetramitus or as a separate genus. The strain used in different laboratories as the type strain of Adelophamoeba gleacystis has been identified as a Naegleria strain. We believe that the type strain of A. galeacystis was mislabeled prior to submission to the American Type Culture Collection and to the Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa. A recent isolate, which on the basis of morphology was identified as a strain of A. Galeacystis , has the identical small subunit ribosomal DNA sequence as D. throntoni. Our results prove Page was right when he stated that Adelphamoeba might be a synonym of Didascalus.     

内蒙古贺兰山突瓣叶蜂亚科两新种(膜翅目,叶蜂科)

记述采自内蒙古贺兰山的中国突瓣叶蜂亚科2新种:刺瓣槌缘叶蜂Pristiphora spinivalviceps sp.nov.和褐痣拟栉叶蜂Priophorus fulvostigmatus sp.nov.。新种模式标本保存于湖南长沙中南林业科技大学昆虫模式标本室。     

The type strain(s) of Listeria monocytogenes: a source of continuing difficulties

The type strain of Listeria monocytogenes differs from wild-type L. monocytogenes strains in more characteristics than just the previously reported deficiency in hemolytic activity and virulence in the murine infection model. The type strain from the American Type Culture Collection (strain ATCC 15313) produces lecithinase, is hemolytic on rabbit (but not sheep) blood agar, lacks motility, and shows limited cytopathogenic effects on Caco-2 monolayers, whereas the type strain from the Special Listeria Culture Collection (strain SLCC 53) is unable to produce lecithinase, is nonhemolytic on rabbit or sheep blood agar, is motile, and shows no cytopathogenic effects on Caco-2 monolayers.     

中国大弄蝶属一新种及一新纪录种(鳞翅目,弄蝶科)

记述大弄蝶属1新种:Capila pseudomeia sp.nov.,中国1新纪录种Capila phainiaeus.编制了中国大弄蝶属分种检索表.模式标本保存于中山大学昆虫标本室.肖眉大弄蝶,新种Capila pseudomeia sp.nov.新种酷似峨眉大弄蝶C.omeia Leech,其主要区别是前翅中央的白斑大(至少是后者的2倍),且彼此以翅脉相连;雄性生殖器的阳茎、抱器均有很大的不同.正模♂,广东连县大东山,1992-09-03～08;副模1♀,广东连县大东山,1994-09-06,何梅采.醒纹大弄蝶Capila phanaeus(Hewitson,1867) New record to China鉴定标本:云南勐腊,1994-04-15,王敏、范骁凌采.     

Two new species of genus Chablisea Gauld et Dubois, 2006 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) from China

Chablisea concave sp. n. and C. Varicolor sp. n. from China are described and illustrated. A key to the world species of the genus is provided. Type specimens are deposited in the Parasitic Hymenoptera Collection of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (ZJUH).     

Properties of a hyperthermophilic bacterium (Thermus sp.) isolated from a Carlsbad spring

A bacterial strain belonging to the speciesThermus was isolated from the water of a Carlsbad hot spring at 70–73°C. The microorganism can grow aerobically and forms yellow and orange colonies on a special medium, due to a carotenoid pigment. The growth optimum is 70–75°C. The minimum and maximum temperatures for growth are 40 and 80°C, respectively. The microorganism is a Gram-negative, rod-like, immobile bacterium, its characteristic feature being the ability to form long filaments (up to 200 μm long). The content of guanine and cytosine in DNA is 65.1 %. This rare endemic microorganism was isolated and described in detail in Czechoslovakia for the first time. It was included in theCzechoslovak Collection of Microorganisms of the Masaryk University in Brno and is available under the catalog number of CCM 4167. Translated by Č. Novotny     

Serologic analysis of the extractable carbohydrate antigens of Pityrosporum ovale

Antigens soluble in hot trichloracetic acid from eighteen strains of Pityrosporum ovale were studied using rabbit antiserum to American Type Culture Collection strains 24027, 12078, and 14521. These strains were found to share two antigens, both of which were present in cells of Pityrosporum orbiculare and one of which was present in cells of Pityrosporum pachydermatis, Pityrosporum canus, Candida albicans and Rhodotorula rubrum.     

PR toxin production in different Penicillium roqueforti strains.

Different Penicillium roqueforti strains from the American Type Culture Collection were tested for the production of PR toxin. All four strains were able to produce the toxin on semisynthetic medium at 24 degrees C after certain periods of incubation. The yields were correlated with the pH of the medium. Timing of the harvest influenced both the yield and purification of the toxin.