人自噬相关蛋白ATG7的原核表达及纯化鉴定

目的:原核表达并纯化自噬相关蛋白ATG7,初步鉴定其生物学活性。方法:利用PCR技术从人乳腺文库中扩增出人ATG7基因的编码序列,插入载体p ET-28a(+)得到重组质粒,经Bam HⅠ和NotⅠ双酶切鉴定后转化大肠杆菌Rossate菌株进行小量诱导,纯化融合蛋白His-ATG7,通过Western印迹和SDS-PAGE检测融合蛋白的纯化效果。结果:用PCR技术从人乳腺文库中扩增得到约2031 bp的目的片段,插入载体p ET-28a(+)后构建出His-ATG7重组质粒,并经酶切鉴定及测序证实无误;转化大肠杆菌Rossate并进行小量诱导,纯化后SDS-PAGE检测显示获得相对分子质量约为78×103的融合蛋白。结论:纯化得到原核系统表达的His-ATG7融合蛋白,为后续研究ATG7在自噬中的作用机制奠定了实验基础。     

人自噬相关蛋白ATG5的原核表达及纯化

目的:原核表达纯化带His标签的自噬相关蛋白ATG5。方法:利用PCR技术从人乳腺文库中扩增出人ATG5基因的编码序列,插入载体p ET-28a(+)中得到重组质粒,经Bam HⅠ和XhoⅠ双酶切鉴定后转化大肠杆菌Ros-sate进行小量诱导,挑选出可以诱导His-ATG5蛋白的菌液进行融合蛋白的纯化,通过Western印迹和SDS-PAGE检测融合蛋白的纯化效果。结果:用PCR技术从人乳腺文库中扩增得到约828 bp的目的片段,插入载体p ET-28a(+)构建出His-ATG5重组质粒并经酶切及测序验证;转化大肠杆菌Rossate后进行小量诱导表达并纯化蛋白,SDS-PAGE检测显示获得相对分子质量约为38×103的融合蛋白。结论:原核表达并纯化获得His-ATG5融合蛋白,为后续研究ATG5在自噬中的作用机制奠定了实验基础。     

家蝇肽聚糖识别蛋白(PGRP-SA)的克隆表达及细菌结合研究

对家蝇PGRP-SA基因进行克隆表达以及研究其重组蛋白与细菌结合能力。从构建的家蝇(Musca domestica)幼虫cDNA质粒文库中筛选到PGRP-SA基因,以cDNA质粒为模板设计引物,通过PCR扩增,获得PGRP-SA基因完整编码序列。运用生物信息学方法对该基因及其编码蛋白进行预测和分析。构建pET-28a(+)-PGRP-SA重组质粒,转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中进行诱导表达及蛋白纯化。利用半定量RT-PCR检测PGRP-SA在家蝇3龄幼虫不同组织中的表达量差异。PGRP-SA重组蛋白进行微生物结合实验。结果表明,PGRP-SA基因ORF全长615 bp,编码204个氨基酸,理论分子量22.8 k D,等电点9.11,具有保守的PGRP结构域。成功构建了pET-28a(+)-PGRP-SA重组质粒,蛋白经IPTG诱导后在大肠杆菌中获得表达,经亲和层析柱纯化获得目的蛋白,利用Western blot检测证明纯化蛋白与预期大小相符。PGRP-SA在家蝇3龄幼虫血淋巴、脂肪体、前肠、中肠、气管、马氏管都有表达,血淋巴组织中表达量最高,后肠无表达,由此说明PGRP-SA基因的表达具有一定的组织性。PGRP-SA重组蛋白能与金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌结合,与白色念珠菌不能结合。成功表达及纯化家蝇PGRP-SA蛋白,证实家蝇PGRP-SA能与金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌结合。     

人重组PSP及其生物活性研究

为了获得人重组 persephin( PSP)并研究其生物学活性 ,从人胎脑组织中提取总 RNA,以RT- PCR方法获取编码人 PSP成熟蛋白 c DNA.将人 PSP c DNA插入含 T7启动子的质粒 p ET-2 8a( + ) ,构建表达质粒 p ET- PSP,转化大肠杆菌 BL 2 1 ( DE3)获得表达菌株 BLPSP,经 IPTG诱导表达的 PSP形成包含体 .凝胶自动扫描分析表明 ,PSP表达量约占菌体总蛋白 2 0 %以上 .用Ni2 + - NTA树脂一步法纯化目的蛋白 ,纯度达 85%以上 .纯化和复性的 PSP蛋白能显著促进脊髓神经元的存活 .     

热玫瑰小双孢菌来源的丙酮酸磷酸双激酶的表达及应用

以热玫瑰小双孢菌基因组DNA为模板, 通过PCR扩增得到了编码PPDK的基因, 将此基因片段插入到表达载体pET28a(+)中构建得到了重组表达质粒pET28a(+)-PPDK, 将重组表达质粒pET28a(+)-PPDK转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中, 经过IPTG诱导, 重组菌成功表达了N端带有6-His Tag的重组PPDK。经SDS-PAGE分析, 重组PPDK单体分子量为101 kD。经过镍亲和层析和超滤后, 重组PPDK蛋白基本达到电泳纯, 并被成功应用于焦测序中。     

热玫瑰小双孢菌来源的丙酮酸磷酸双激酶的表达及应用

以热玫瑰小双孢菌基因组DNA为模板, 通过PCR扩增得到了编码PPDK的基因, 将此基因片段插入到表达载体pET28a(+)中构建得到了重组表达质粒pET28a(+)-PPDK, 将重组表达质粒pET28a(+)-PPDK转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中, 经过IPTG诱导, 重组菌成功表达了N端带有6-His Tag的重组PPDK。经SDS-PAGE分析, 重组PPDK单体分子量为101 kD。经过镍亲和层析和超滤后, 重组PPDK蛋白基本达到电泳纯, 并被成功应用于焦测序中。     

家蝇伴侣蛋白TCP-1基因的序列分析、克隆及诱导表达

旨在对EST筛选得到的家蝇伴侣蛋白TCP-1(MD-TCPⅠ)基因进行序列分析,克隆其cDNA序列并在大肠杆菌中诱导表达。采用EST测序技术从已构建的家蝇幼虫cDNA质粒文库中筛选到MD-TCPⅠ基因,对其进行序列测定和分析。以该基因的cDNA文库质粒为模板,通过PCR的方法进行扩增,以pET-28a(+)为载体构建重组质粒,再转化到表达宿主大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中,IPTG诱导表达。表达产物通过SDS-PAGE进行鉴定。结果显示,MD-TCPⅠ基因ORF全长753 bp,编码250个氨基酸,理论分子量27.07 kD;等电点5.92,该序列编码的蛋白属于热休克蛋白60家族的TCP。构建了正确基因序列MD-TCPⅠ重组表达质粒,重组蛋白在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中诱导表达。     

人TRAF3IP3基因剪接异构体2的克隆表达和生物信息学分析

[目的]克隆、原核表达并纯化人类TRAF3IP3基因剪接异构体2(TRAF3IP3iso2),对TRAF3IP3iso2蛋白进行生物信息学分析。[方法]从人骨髓单个核细胞c DNA中扩增TRAF3IP3iso2开放阅读框区,双酶切连入原核表达载体p ET-28a(+),重组质粒转化E.coli Rosetta(DE3),IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE和Western blot鉴定表达效果,Ni-NTA亲和层析柱纯化目的蛋白;根据测序结果对TRAF3IP3iso2蛋白进行生物信息学分析。[结果]成功克隆了人类TRAF3IP3iso2编码区并构建了原核表达载体p ET-28a(+)-TRAF3IP3iso2,在大肠杆菌中诱导表达、纯化获得了相对分子量约22.7k Da的融合蛋白;生物信息学分析显示TRAF3IP3iso2蛋白二级结构以α螺旋为主,无TRAF3IP3iso1蛋白的跨膜区结构。[结论]证明了人类TRAF3IP3iso2的存在,为TRAF3IP3功能的研究提供了实验依据。     

肠出血性大肠杆菌毒力因子Z1444的原核表达及其丝/苏氨酸激酶活性验证

目的:在大肠杆菌中表达肠出血性大肠杆菌(EHEC)毒力岛上的毒力因子Z1444并纯化,对其丝/苏氨酸激酶活性进行初步检测。方法:根据GenBank中Z1444基因序列及pET-28a(+)载体的多克隆位点设计引物,以EHECO157∶H7全菌裂解液为模板,经PCR钓取1047 bp的目的片段,与表达载体pET-28a(+)连接,构建重组表达质粒pET-28a(+)-Z1444,将其转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中,IPTG诱导蛋白表达并经SDS-PAGE鉴定,利用体外反应体系鉴定重组蛋白的丝/苏氨酸激酶活性。结果:双酶切和测序鉴定表明,pET-28a(+)-Z1444原核表达质粒构建正确;诱导表达后经纯化,获得纯度在90%以上的可溶性重组Z1444,相对分子量约为38×103;体外酶活实验验证了Z1444的丝/苏氨酸激酶活性。结论:Z1444在大肠杆菌中获得高效可溶性表达,为后续功能验证奠定了基础。     

沙门菌外膜蛋白D的原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

目的:在大肠杆菌中表达沙门菌外膜蛋白(OMP)D,纯化后制备兔抗OMPD抗体。方法:用PCR方法从鼠伤寒沙门菌中扩增出ompD基因,并插入融合表达载体pET-28a(+)的多克隆位点,构建重组表达质粒pET28a(+)-ompD;以重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),筛选阳性重组菌株,经IPTG诱导目的蛋白表达,在变性条件下对目的蛋白进行亲和层析纯化;以表达的OMPD蛋白免疫家兔,制备抗OMPD的多克隆抗体并进行鉴定。结果:扩增了ompD基因,测序证实正确后亚克隆于表达载体pET-28a(+)中,经PCR筛选和酶切鉴定获得阳性克隆,经诱导在大肠杆菌中表达出相对分子质量为40×103的目的蛋白并进行纯化;纯化的OMPD免疫家兔后,能有效地刺激特异性抗体的产生,抗血清的效价达到1∶10000以上,且具有良好的特异性。结论:构建ompD基因的原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达;制备出兔抗OMPD抗体,效价及特异性均良好,为进一步制备肠黏膜高亲和力疫苗奠定了基础。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.