中国丝膜菌属李玉丝膜菌组一新种：李玉丝膜菌

本研究报道了丝膜菌属的一个新种：李玉丝膜菌,该种采自中国吉林省蒙古栎林中,其主要特征为担子体小型、幼时具蓝紫色调,菌盖强水浸状、具条纹,担孢子近球形。该种在系统发育树中形成一个独立的分支,与斑丝膜菌组形成姐妹关系,但遗传关系较远,属于新组李玉丝膜菌组。本文对新分类单元进行了详细描述,并对其系统发育上相近的物种进行了比较。     

海南炭角新种

在海南省炭角菌的调查研究中,发现一个生长于枯死落叶上的炭角菌属新种。它子座单个,顶端不孕,针刺状,柄细长,多毛,表面呈灰色,有圆锥状孔口。子囊壳埋生。通过与其他9种叶生炭角菌进行比较,确定为海南炭角菌 Xylaria hainanensis新种。     

采自吉林省的中国光柄菇属新记录

报道采自吉林省的中国光柄菇属 Pluteus新记录3种,即球盖光柄菇P. podospileus、波扎里光柄菇P. pouzarianus和汤姆森光柄菇P. thomsonii,并根据我国的材料提供详尽的形态描述和线条图。研究标本存放在吉林农业大学菌物标本馆（HMJAU）。     

中国云南及西藏水生环境中的新种——棕孢香港霉

在大湄公河次区域的水生真菌调查中,从中国云南和西藏的沉水腐木中分离得到4个菌株。基于LSU、SSU、ITS、TEF1-α和RPB2序列进行多基因系统发育分析,表明4个菌株属于菩提科香港霉属真菌。系统发育分析结果显示4个菌株聚集在一起,并与泰国香港霉形成姐妹支。基于形态学及分子系统学研究,将这4个菌株鉴定为新种棕孢香港霉。棕孢香港霉是香港霉属的第二个有性型物种,它因子囊果的孔口处有棕色至黑色的刚毛,且子囊孢子呈梭形,孢子两端逐渐变窄且钝圆,红棕色至暗棕色,具有多个隔膜而区别于另一个有性型物种泰国香港霉。本研究提供了该真菌新种的描述及图版并比较了该种与其他物种的形态差异。     

Potentilla jiaozishanensis sp. nov. (sect. Leptostylae,Rosaceae) from southwest China

Potentilla jiaozishanensis, a distinct new species of Rosaceae from Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated. Morphologically, it is closely related to P. stenophylla var. stenophylla but clearly differs from the latter by its bidentate leaflets, lanceolate epicalyx‐segments that are longer than the sepals, villose ovaries and achenes. Moreover, the pollen grains of P. jiaozishanensis are markedly different from those of P. stenophylla var. stenophylla in size and shape. The newly described species is endemic to the Jiaozishan Mountains, southwest China.     

Type study of Pluteus atrofuscens (Agaricales, Pluteaceae)

Specimens including the holotype of Pluteus atrofuscens, a morphologically poorly known species reported from Japan, are examined, and it is newly defined as the third species belonging to the section Villosi. This species is described with the aid of line drawings showing the microscopic characteristics.     

Three new rotundabaloghid mites (Acari,Uropodina) from Sabah (Malaysia)

Three new species of the family Rotundabaloghiidae are discovered and described from Sabah, Malaysia. The unusual Angulobaloghia rutra sp. n. differs from the other known Angulobaloghia Hirschmann, 1979 species in the long anterior process of the female’s genital shield. Rotundabaloghia (Circobaloghia) tobiasi sp. n. has very long and apically pilose dorsal setae and two pairs of bulbiform setae, which are unique in the subgenus Rotundabaloghia (Circobaloghia) Hirschmann, 1975. The long, serrate and curved setae in the big ventral cavity of Depressorotunda (Depressorotunda) serrata sp. n. is a so far unknown character in the subgenus Depressorotunda (Depressorotunda) Kontschán, 2010.     

Halosarpheia unicellularis sp. nov. (Halosphaeriales, Ascomycota) based on morphological and molecular evidence

Halosarpheia unicellularis sp. nov. is described from decayed attached wood ofAvicennia marina collected from two mangrove sites in the Red Sea, Egypt. The ascomycete is compared with other marine taxa having ascospores with polar unfurling appendages. It is also compared with other marine genera with oval, round or ellipsoid hyaline, unicellular ascospores, but for which appendages have not been reported. Molecular data confirms the assignment of the fungus toHalosarpheia which forms a clade with the type speciesHalosarpheia fibrosa.     

Pluteus aurantipes sp. nov. from Wisconsin, United States

Pluteus aurantipes sp. nov. was discovered in Wisconsin, United States. This agaric species is characterized by its yellowish brown pileus, reddish orange stipe, pileipellis consisting of a trichoderm and lack of pleurocystidia.     

类开费曲霉Aspergillus keveioides——曲霉属焦曲霉组一新种

报道分离自中国山东泰山土壤的曲霉属焦曲霉组的一个新种——类开费曲霉Aspergillus keveioides.基于形态学及钙调蛋白、β-微管蛋白基因部分序列和核糖体DNAITSl-5.8S-ITS2序列分析的证据支持新种的建立.     

Cladosiphon umezakii sp. nov. (Ectocarpales, Phaeophyceae) from Japan

The new species Cladosiphon umezakii Ajisaka (Ectocarpales, Phaeophyceae) is described from Japan based on morphology and DNA sequences. The species resembles Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida in its gross morphology; somewhat slimy, cylindrical, multiaxial and sympodial erect thallus, arising from a small disc‐shaped holdfast, and branching once to twice. However, C. umezakii has considerably longer assimilatory filaments (up to 840 μm long, composed of up to 90 cells) than any known taxa of the genus. The species is a winter to spring annual, growing on lower intertidal to subtidal rocks of more or less exposed sites on the north‐eastern coast of Kyushu and on both the Pacific and the Sea of Japan coasts of Honshu. Specimens from the Sea of Japan coast had both unilocular and plurilocular zoidangia, whereas those from Kyushu and from the Pacific had only unilocular zoidangia. Unilocular zoidangia were formed on the basal part of assimilatory filaments, and plurilocular ones were transformed from the distal part of assimilatory filaments. DNA sequences of the Rubisco‐spacer (rbc‐spacer) region and the nuclear rDNA ITS region (ITS1, 5.8S and ITS2) supported the distinctness of the species.     

Two new species of Pluteus (Pluteaceae, Agaricales) from India and additional observations on Pluteus chrysaegis

Two new species of Pluteus collected in Kerala State (India) are described based on morphological and molecular (nrITS) characters. Pluteus brunneosquamulosus of sect. Celluloderma is characterized by the squamulose, ??Lepiota-like??, pileus, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid spores, cheilocystidia with a long flexuous neck and lageniform or narrowly utriform caulocystidia. Pluteus velutinus belongs in sect. Hispidoderma and is unique in its shallowly depressed, hygrophanous, orange-brown, \velvety, squamulose pileus, the pleurocystidia very commonly provided with an apical digitate projection up to 10???m long or tapering towards apex and the pileipellis as a trichoderm or trichohymeniderm. P. chrysaegis from India and P. conizatus var. africanus from Africa are considered synonymous based on morphological and molecular evidence.     

Impatiens maculifera sp. nov. (Balsaminaceae) Yunnan,China

Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) is a notoriously difficult genus to study for reasons that include small, remote and endemic areas of occurrence, and difficulty in obtaining well‐dried herbarium specimens and separating and reconstructing floral parts from available dried specimens. Impatiens has also been notoriously difficult when it comes to phylogenetic resolution at the infrageneric level, but a new system with two subgenera (Impatiens and Clavicarpa) was recently proposed by Yu et al. and it has made it easier to classify newly discovered species. Impatiens maculifera, a new species of Balsaminaceae from Malipo County, Yunnan, China described here, is similar to I. parvisepala S.X. Yu & Y.T. Hou in having racemose inflorescences, four lateral sepals, clavate capsules and ellipsoid seeds, but differs in having leaves narrowly oval or with elliptic–lanceolate blades (versus obovate or obovate–lanceolate), obvious petioles (versus leaves subsessile), racemose inflorescence with 8–12 flowers (versus 6–8 flowers), flowers greenish yellow (versus yellow), lateral united petals and lower sepal with dense red spots (versus red spots absent), and dorsal petal with apparent stalk at base (versus unapparent stalk). Morphological characters and molecular phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from both nuclear ribosomal and plastid genes show that the new species differs distinctively from I. parvisepala. Furthermore, I. maculifera is distinguished from other Impatiens species based on morphological, micromorphological and palynological evidence, and molecular data.     

Polysiphonia freshwateri sp. nov. and Polysiphonia koreana sp. nov.: two new species of Polysiphonia (Rhodomelaceae,Rhodophyta) from Korea

Polysiphonia sensu lato comprises approximately 200 species, which are currently assigned to several different genera. To date, one of these genera, namely, Polysiphonia, has been reported to have 17 species. Here, we describe for the first time P. freshwateri sp. nov. and P. koreana sp. nov. from Uljin and Ulleung Island, Korea, based on morphological and molecular evidence. Polysiphonia freshwateri sp. nov. and P. koreana sp. nov. are characterized by having the typical Polysiphonia features. Polysiphonia freshwateri sp. nov. is further characterized by having abundant trichoblasts, conspicuous scar cells, and tetrasporangia arranged in spiral series. Polysiphonia koreana sp. nov. is further characterized by having very scarce scar cells placed between two pericentral cells, from which cicatrigenous branches arise. The results of our rbcL sequence analyses support the taxonomic placement of P. freshwateri sp. nov. and P. koreana sp. nov. within Polysiphonia.     

Carex dapanshanica sp. nov. (C. sect. Mitratae,Cyperaceae) from Zhejiang,China

Carex dapanshanica X. F. Jin, Y. J. Zhao & Z. L. Chen, a new species of Cyperaceae from Mount Dapan, Zhejiang Province, eastern China is described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to C. chungii C. P. Wang, but differs in having 2 or 3spikes, pistillate scales with brown margins and short‐awned at apex, and glabrous perigynia. Micromorphological photographs of the achenes of C. dapanshanica and C. chungii under SEM (scanning electron microscope) are provided as well.     

Carex sinosupina sp. nov. (sect. Lamprochlaenae,Cyperaceae) from Gansu,north central China

Carex sinosupina, a new species from Gansu, China is described and illustrated. This species is similar to C. aridula and C. ivanoviae, but differs by having broader leaves, 2.0–3.5 mm wide, perigynia 3–5‐veined abaxially and achenes concave at the middle of one lateral surface. Based on a field survey and SEM (scanning electron microscope) observation of the micromorphology of perigynia and achenes, the morphology and micromorphology of the new species, C. aridula and C. ivanoviae is compared.