表面展示新城疫病毒部分F蛋白的重组干酪乳杆菌的构建及其免疫原性

本研究旨在构建重组干酪乳杆菌pLA-Newcastlediseasevirus (NDV)-F/Lactobacillus casei,获得表达产物,并探讨其免疫效果。利用PCR扩增携带部分主要抗原表位的NDV F基因,与穿梭质粒pLA连接转化至大肠杆菌BL21 (DE3)中,筛选阳性重组质粒,将其电转化至干酪乳杆菌中,构建重组干酪乳杆菌pLA-NDV-F/L. casei,应用PCR鉴定阳性菌株,Western blotting鉴定重组菌反应原性,间接免疫荧光、流式细胞术和激光共聚焦检测蛋白表达情况。试验选用14日龄雏鸡,各组免疫方式为口服+滴鼻。设立pLA-NDV-F/L. casei两次免疫组和三次免疫组、弱毒疫苗组、 pLA/L.casei、未攻毒PBS组和攻毒PBS组。间接ELISA方法检测雏鸡血清IgG、肠道、鼻腔、肺脏中sIgA抗体效价,评价试验组雏鸡攻毒保护率。结果表明,有94.10%的重组菌表达了F蛋白,且高效表达在干酪乳杆菌细胞表面,蛋白大小为62kDa,并能与抗NDV阳性血清特异性结合。各免疫组anti-F IgG和s Ig A抗体水平显著高于对照组,p LA-NDV-F/L. casei三次免疫组抗体持续时间比两次免疫组延长28 d,抗体峰值没有显著差异。免疫pLA-NDV-F/L. casei三次、两次、弱毒疫苗、pLA/L. casei和PBS的攻击保护率分别为80%、80%、90%、0%和0%。因此,利用干酪乳杆菌表达体系成功表达了携带部分抗原表位的NDVF基因,具备良好的反应原性和免疫原性,可诱导机体产生保护性免疫应答。     

新城疫病毒F和HN蛋白的原核表达

目的：高水平表达新城疫病毒（Newcastle Disease Virus,NDV）标准强毒F48E8株的F基因和HN基因。方法：利用PCR法扩增出新城疫病毒（Newcasfle Disease Virus,NDV）标准强毒F48E8株的去掉N端信号肽和C端跨膜区的F基因和HN基因并其克隆到原核表达载pET30a上,得到重组质粒rpET30a-NDV／F和rpET30a-NDWHN,转化到受体菌Rosetta-gami^TM2感受态胞中,经IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE电泳和Western blot检测。结果：表达的F蛋白大小约为40kD,HN蛋白大小约为51kD左,符合预期结果。Westem blot分析表明,能与抗His-tag单克隆抗体发生特异性反应。结论：重组蛋白在原核表达系统内得到高水平的表达。说明了去除F和HN基因N端信号肽和C端跨膜区的必要性。方将细右了     

Nuclear entry and nucleolar localization of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) matrix protein occur early in infection and do not require other NDV proteins.

A large proportion of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) matrix (M) protein is found in the nuclei of infected chicken embryo cells. Kinetic analysis indicated that much of the M protein enters the nucleus early in infection, concentrating in discrete regions of the nucleus and remaining there throughout infection. The M protein was found in localized regions of the nuclei of a variety of cell lines infected with NDV. Immunostaining for both M protein and nucleolar antigens indicated that most of these regions represent nucleoli. Moreover, this nucleolar localization of the M protein was observed in chicken embryo cells infected with 11 different strains of NDV. Only the M protein of strain HP displayed a modified pattern, concentrating in the nucleolus early in infection but in the cytoplasm late in infection. M protein transiently expressed in COS-1 cells also localized to the nucleus and nucleolus, indicating that the M protein does not require other NDV proteins for this localization.     

Development of a novel Newcastle disease virus (NDV) neutralization test based on recombinant NDV expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein

Background

Newcastle disease is one of the most important infectious diseases of poultry, caused by Newcastle disease virus (NDV). This virus is distributed worldwide and it can cause severe economic losses in the poultry industry due to recurring outbreaks in vaccinated and unvaccinated flocks. Protection against NDV in chickens has been associated with development of humoral response. Although hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay and ELISA do not corroborate the presence of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs); they are used to measure protection and immune response against NDV.

Methods

In this study, we established a system to recover a recombinant NDV (rLS1) from a cloned cDNA, which is able to accept exogenous genes in desired positions. An enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) gene was engineered in the first position of the NDV genome and we generated a recombinant NDV carrying eGFP. This NDV- eGFP reporter virus was used to develop an eGFP-based neutralization test (eGFP-NT), in which nAbs titers were expressed as the reciprocal of the highest dilution that expressed the eGFP.

Results

The eGFP-NT gave conclusive results in 24 h without using any additional staining procedure. A total of 57 serum samples were assayed by conventional neutralization (NT) and eGFP-NT. Additionally, HI and a commercial ELISA kit were evaluated with the same set of samples. Although HI (R ²?=?0.816) and ELISA (R ²?=?0.791) showed substantial correlation with conventional NT, eGFP-NT showed higher correlation (R ²?=?0.994), indicating that eGFP-NT is more accurate method to quantify nAbs.

Conclusions

Overall, the neutralization test developed here is a simple, rapid and reliable method for quantitation of NDV specific nAbs. It is suitable for vaccine studies and diagnostics.

     

Overexpression of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) V protein enhances NDV production kinetics in chicken embryo fibroblasts

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is not only one of the most economically important pathogen of poultry but also has a potential as anticancer virotherapy. The role of NDV V protein in virus-production kinetics was investigated using DF-1 cell-based production system. The presence of an anti-interferon (IFN)-alpha antibody resulted in enhanced NDV production kinetics in a dose-dependent manner by blocking binding of NDV-induced IFN to its receptor. To prepare DF-1 cell whose cellular IFN signaling is blocked efficiently, stable cell lines expressing either lentogenic or velogenic NDV V protein known as an IFN antagonist were established. The overexpression of NDV V protein enhanced NDV production kinetics and expedited the rate of NDV production, while it had no effect on Japanese encephalitis virus production. NDV V protein functions as an IFN antagonist by inhibiting the increase in type I IFNs by NDV infection. The IFN signals in cells expressing NDV V protein were weakened by decreased activation or expression of the dsRNA-activated enzymes. These IFN antagonist activities enhance rapid virus replication and spread in the early phase of viral infection and will be useful in improving the production of viral vaccine strains.     

华南地区新城疫病毒HN基因的克隆及其系统发育分析

用RT PCR一步法扩增了华南地区NDV野毒HN基因 ,并对其中的 3株的HN基因 897bp片段进行了克隆、测序及同源性分析。本试验还对该毒株的系统发育情况进行了分析 :中国华南地区NDV各毒株与欧美国家Ⅰ至Ⅴ基因型明显分离 ,遗传关系较远。台湾省的NDV各毒株归属为一型 ,并且与华南株的遗传距离较近。NDV华南FS1株不能归类到任何一个基因型中。广东地区从鹅群中分离到的副粘病毒GPMV株与我们从鸡体中获得的NDVFS2株有很近的亲缘关系     

鸡新城疫副眼和副鼻器官微环境局部免疫机理的研究——Ⅱ.免疫组织学和电镜研究

本文研究了以点眼和滴鼻途径接种了新城疫 B_1系疫苗后的不同时期 SPF 雏鸡的哈德泪腺、气管、肺脏、脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊的免疫组织学及其在电子显微镜下的变化规律。证明在哈德泪腺的腺导管、腺泡间质、气管粘膜的固有层和粘膜下层、肺各级支气管粘膜固有层和粘膜下层及附近肺泡壁中、肺间质中都以聚集或弥散形式存在着比对照组多的淋巴细胞,这些淋巴细胞有时形成淋巴小结样结构,还可看到较多的浆细胞。这些淋巴细胞在电子显微镜下主要表现为线粒体、粗面内质网和核糖体等细胞器增多,细胞呈旺盛的活动状态,同时哈德泪腺、气管粘膜杯状细胞和单泡腺分泌增多,气管粘膜上的纤毛也增多,这有利于将产生的抗体及时排出和防止病毒粘附。     

华南地区新城疫病毒HN基因的克隆及其系统发育分析

用RT-PCR一步法扩增了华南地区NDV野毒HN基因, 并对其中的3株的HN基因897bp片段进行了克隆、测序及同源性分析.本试验还对该毒株的系统发育情况进行了分析中国华南地区NDV各毒株与欧美国家Ⅰ至Ⅴ基因型明显分离,遗传关系较远.台湾省的NDV各毒株归属为一型,并且与华南株的遗传距离较近.NDV华南FS1株不能归类到任何一个基因型中.广东地区从鹅群中分离到的副粘病毒GPMV株与我们从鸡体中获得的NDV FS2株有很近的亲缘关系.     

高抗体水平种鸡NDV的分离鉴定和分子特性

从抗体水平较高、产蛋下降的种鸡群分离到一株新城疫病毒(Newcastle Disease virus,NDV)SGM01,经动物回归可产生NDV典型病变,其MDT、ICPI和IVPI等分别为50．5h、1．76和2．41,表明为强毒。对其F和HN基因进行克隆测序,F基因氨基酸多肽裂解位点的基序为~(111)GRRQKRF~(117),与强毒基序一致。基因分型表明SGMO1属Ⅶ型。氨基酸同源比较显示:SGM01与LaSota、SQZ04等基因Ⅱ型的同源性为:87．7%～88．3%;(?) Taiwan95、Yunnan03等基因Ⅶ型的同源性为:95．7%～98．2%;与F_(48)E_9等基因Ⅸ型的同源率为:90．8%～91．7%。HN基因与F基因不同,具有明显的时空性。SGM01、Taiwan95、SQZ04等新近分离毒氨基酸高度同源,同源性为:95．3%～97．2%,显著高于与LaSota(经典弱毒疫苗株)和F_(48)E_9(经典强毒株)的同源性87．4%～89．0%。     

Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-based assay demonstrates interferon-antagonist activity for the NDV V protein and the Nipah virus V,W, and C proteins

We have generated a recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV) that expresses the green fluorescence protein (GFP) in infected chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs). This virus is interferon (IFN) sensitive, and pretreatment of cells with chicken alpha/beta IFN (IFN-alpha/beta) completely blocks viral GFP expression. Prior transfection of plasmid DNA induces an IFN response in CEFs and blocks NDV-GFP replication. However, transfection of known inhibitors of the IFN-alpha/beta system, including the influenza A virus NS1 protein and the Ebola virus VP35 protein, restores NDV-GFP replication. We therefore conclude that the NDV-GFP virus could be used to screen proteins expressed from plasmids for the ability to counteract the host cell IFN response. Using this system, we show that expression of the NDV V protein or the Nipah virus V, W, or C proteins rescues NDV-GFP replication in the face of the transfection-induced IFN response. The V and W proteins of Nipah virus, a highly lethal pathogen in humans, also block activation of an IFN-inducible promoter in primate cells. Interestingly, the amino-terminal region of the Nipah virus V protein, which is identical to the amino terminus of Nipah virus W, is sufficient to exert the IFN-antagonist activity. In contrast, the anti-IFN activity of the NDV V protein appears to be located in the carboxy-terminal region of the protein, a region implicated in the IFN-antagonist activity exhibited by the V proteins of mumps virus and human parainfluenza virus type 2.     

新城疫病毒融合蛋白基因部分序列分析

Ｆ蛋白是ＮＤＶ中具有抗原性的两种表面糖蛋白之一,通过ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ,克隆了速发现ＮＤＶ中国株Ｆ４８Ｅ８的Ｆ基因,比较分析Ｆ４８Ｅ８,ＡＵＳ和ＩＴＡ等速发型株系Ｆ基因的Ｎ端结构,氨基酸同源性分别达９５％和９３．６％,变化主要集中于信号肽区,成熟蛋白质的同源性极高。该基因的克隆为研制ＮＤＶ的基因工程疫苗打下基础。