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1.
The isolation and characterisation of the tapetum-specific Arabidopsis thaliana A9 gene 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Wyatt Paul Rachel Hodge Sarah Smartt John Draper Rod Scott 《Plant molecular biology》1992,19(4):611-622
The Brassica napus cDNA clone A9 and the corresponding Arabidopsis thaliana gene have been sequenced. The B. napus cDNA and the A. thaliana gene encode proteins that are 73% identical and are predicted to be 10.3 kDa and 11.6 kDa in size respectively. Fusions of an RNase gene and the reporter gene -glucuronidase to the A. thaliana A9 promoter demonstrated that in tobacco the A9 promoter is active solely in tapetal cells. Promoter activity is first detectable in anthers prior to sporogenous cell meiosis and ceases during microspore premitotic interphase.The deduced A9 protein sequence has a pattern of cysteine residues that is present in a superfamily of seed plant proteins which contains seed storage proteins and several protease and -amylase inhibitors. 相似文献
2.
Elizabeth Foster Madeleine Lévesque-Lemay Danielle Schneiderman Diego Albani Johann Schernthaner Elizabeth Routly Laurian S. Robert 《Sexual plant reproduction》2005,17(6):261-267
Pis 30, a gene highly expressed in Brassica napus pistils and encoding a novel proline-rich protein was isolated and characterized. Sequences homologous to the Brassica Pis 30 gene were found only in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Pis 30 gene encodes a mature protein of 8.4 kDa with no previously characterized protein domains and whose function remains unknown. PIS 30 contains especially high levels of Pro (33%), but also of Leu (14%), Phe (10%) and Ser (6%). Although it is a proline-rich protein, PIS 30 shows only limited similarity to previously characterized plant proline-rich proteins. When compared to the stigma-specific activity of the B. napus SLR1 gene promoter in pistils of transgenic Arabidopsis, an 808 bp Pis 30 promoter fragment directed -glucuronidase expression primarily in the ovary, as well as in the stigma. 相似文献
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Plant genotypic differences in available K and P distribution at root-soil interface were studied with five rape varieties, which were 890206 (Brassica. campestris), Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea), Luzhoujinhuang (Brassica juncea), K-100 (Brassica juncea) and Xinongchangjiao (Brassica napus). The significant depletion of P and K was observed in the rhizosphere of all five rape varieties. The depletion rate of available P was in the range of 28–44% and the order followed: 890206 > Indian Mustard > K-100 > Xinongchangjiao > Luzhoujinhuang. The depletion area of available P occurred within 3–5 mm from root surface; and a wider depletion range was observed in the rhizosphere of the variety tolerant to low nutrient supply as compared to that of sensitive varieties. The depletion range of available K within the 10 mm from the root surface with the rate ranging from 31% to 48% and was wider than that of available P. The variety 890206 showed the highest absorption capability. Xinongchangjiao and Luzhoujinhuang showed higher depletion rate than that of K-100 and Indian Mustard, indicating that high-yield varieties of 890206 and Xinongchangjiao had higher absorption capacity of K than that of low-yield variety K-100. The results indicated that K depletion rate in the rhizosphere of rape was higher than that of cotton and was similar to that of two K enrichment plant–tobacco and alligator weed (Alternanthern Philoxeroides Mart. Griseb). 相似文献
5.
Motoaki Seki Yoshibumi Komeda Asako Iida Yasuyuki Yamada Hiromichi Morikawa 《Plant molecular biology》1991,17(2):259-263
Successful transient expression of -glucuronidase (GUS) in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and roots and Brassica napus stems was obtained after gene delivery with a pneumatic particle gun driven by compressed air. Effects of the pneumatic pressure used to accelerate the particles (accelerating pressure; 85 to 200 kg/cm2) and of preculture periods of plant tissues (0 to 6 days) on the efficiency of gene delivery were studied. In A. thaliana leaves, best results were obtained at 115 kg/cm2 of accelerating pressure and 3 days of preculture. In A. thaliana roots, the optimum was at 200 kg/cm2 of accelerating pressure and 3 days of preculture. These results indicate that both preculture period and accelerating pressure are vital factors that determine the efficiency of gene delivery by particle gun. 相似文献
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Sumit Sahni Showkat Hussain Ganie Alka Narula Prem Shankar Srivastava Hari Bansh Singh 《Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants》2013,19(3):455-459
High temperature stress during pod filling severely affects the yield of Brassica juncea. Early flowering can evade the terminal heat stress and result in early maturity of the crop. In this study, a regeneration and transformation protocol has been standardized for B. juncea cv. Geeta. Hypocotyl from 5-day-old seedlings were used as explants. Of the various combinations of auxins and cytokinins tried along with Murashige and Skoog’s (Physiol Plant 15:473–497, 1962) medium, MS + IAA (0.2 mg/l) + BA (3 mg/l) proved best for shoot regeneration with 89.9 % regeneration efficiency. To induce early flowering Leafy gene from Arabidopsis thaliana was transformed using Agrobacterium mediated transformation method. After 12 weeks transgenic plants showed flowering in vitro whereas their untransformed counterpart did not flower even after 16 weeks. The maximum transformation frequency was 4 %. 相似文献
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Lei Sheng Zengbei Feng Zhongping Hao Shumin Hou 《Current issues in molecular biology》2022,44(12):6385
Recently, it has been reported that a gene (PEN1) in Arabidopsis thaliana is highly resistant to Plutella xylostella. We screened all the homologous genes of PEN1 in Arabidopsis thaliana and found that the motif of these genes was very conserved. At present, few insect resistance genes have been identified and characterized in Brassica napus. Therefore, we screened all the homologous genes containing this motif in the Brassica napus genome and systematically analyzed the basic information, conserved domain, evolutionary relationship, chromosomal localization and expression analysis of these genes. In this study, 12 PEN1 homologous genes were identified in the Brassica napus genome, which is more than the number in Arabidopsis thaliana. These genes are unevenly distributed on the 12 chromosomes in Brassica napus. Furthermore, all the PEN1 homologous genes contained light responsiveness elements, and most of the genes contained gibberellin-responsive elements, meJA-responsive elements and abscisic-acid-responsive elements. The results will provide a theoretical basis for screening insect resistance genes from the genome of Brassica napus and analyzing the molecular mechanism of insect resistance in Brassica napus. 相似文献
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外来入侵植物小子虉草(Phalaris minor Retz.)是世界公认的冬季农田恶性杂草,掌握农作物对其替代控制作用具有重要的研究价值。前期研究表明,油菜是替代控制小子虉草的优良农作物,然而,目前尚不清楚油菜类型与品种对其控制能力的影响。为此选取与小子虉草同域发生的不同类型(白菜型油菜、芥菜型油菜和甘蓝型油菜)油菜品种各3种,通过田间小区实验和室内化感作用测定,对比研究其对小子虉草的生长、繁殖、表型以及化感作用的影响。田间实验显示:竞争方式(种内或种间竞争)和油菜类型对小子虉草的地上生物量、种子数、株高、分枝数、叶面积和比叶面积存在极显著(P=0.0001)影响;而油菜品种对小子虉草的地上生物量(P=0.6064)、种子数(P=0.3577)、株高(P=0.4279)、分枝数(P=0.6357)、叶面积(P=0.8839)和比叶面积(P=0.3424)均无显著影响。3种类型油菜对小子虉草生长、繁殖以及表型的影响存在明显差异,其中芥菜型油菜对小子虉草的上述指标的影响最强,而白菜型油菜的影响最弱。室内生物测定显示,油菜对小子虉草具有化感抑制作用,当供试油菜叶片水提液浓度为0.1 g/mL时,小子虉草种子的萌发和幼苗的株高、根长、生物量均被显著抑制;研究也表明不同类型油菜对小子虉草的化感作用显著不同,同等条件下,芥菜型油菜对小子虉草的化感抑制作用最强。综上所述,油菜类型对外来入侵小子虉草的控制作用存在显著差异,其中芥菜型油菜对植物小子虉草的替代控制作用明显优于白菜型油菜和甘蓝型油菜,而其强的化感抑草特性或许是其强控草能力的原因之一。另外,本研究也为进一步利用油菜替代控制入侵植物小子虉草提供了参考。 相似文献
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Issam Nouairi Wided Ben Ammar Nabil Ben Youssef Douja Daoud Ben Miled Mohamed Habib Ghorbal Mokhtar Zarrouk 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2009,31(2):237-247
Plant species capable of hyper-accumulating heavy metals are of considerable interest for phytoremediation, and differ in
their ability to accumulate metals from environment. Using two brassica species (Brassica juncea and Brassica napus), nutrient solution experiments were conducted to study variation in tolerance to cadmium (Cd) toxicity based on (1) lipid
peroxidation and (2) changes in antioxidative defense system in leaves of both plants (i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD EC
1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (APX EC 1.11.1.11), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX EC 1.11.1.7), glutathione
reductase (GR EC 1.6.4.2), levels of phytochelatins (PCs), non-protein thiols (NP-SH), and glutathione. Plants were grown
in nutrient solution under controlled environmental conditions, and subjected to increasing concentrations of Cd (0, 10, 25
and 50 μM) for 15 days. Results showed marked differences between both species. Brassica napus under Cd stress exhibited increased level of lipid peroxidation, as was evidenced by the increased malondialdehyde (MDA)
content in leaves. However, in Brassica
juncea treated plants, MDA content remained unchanged. In Brassica napus, with the exception of GPX, activity levels of some antioxidant enzymes involved in detoxification of reactive oxygen species
(ROS), including SOD, CAT, GR, and APX, decreased drastically at high Cd concentrations. By contrast, in leaves of Brassica juncea treated plants, there was either only slight or no change in the activities of the antioxidative enzymes. Analysis of the
profile of anionic isoenzymes of GPX revealed qualitative changes occurring during Cd exposure for both species. Moreover,
levels of NP-SH and PCs, monitored as metal detoxifying responses, were much increased in leaves of Brassica juncea by increasing Cd supply, but did not change in Brassica napus. These results indicate that Brassica juncea plants possess the greater potential for Cd accumulation and tolerance than Brassica napus. 相似文献
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N. Inomata 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1994,89(5):540-544
The cytological possibility of gene transfer from Sinapis pubescens to Brassica napus was investigated. Intergeneric hybrids between Brassica napus (2n = 38) and Sinapis pubescens (2n = 18) were produced through ovary culture. The F1 hybrids were dihaploid and the chromosome configurations were (0–1)
III
+ (2–11)
II
+ (5–24)
I
. One F2 plant with 38 chromosomes was obtained from open pollination of the F1 hybrid. Thirty-one seeds were obtained from the backcross of the F2 plant with B. napus. Five out of seven plants had 38 chromosomes, and the pollen stainability ranged from 0% to 81.4%. In the B2 plants obtained from the backcross of B1 plants with B. napus, 66.7% of the plants examined had 38 chromosomes. S. pubescens may become a gene source for the improvement of B. napus. 相似文献
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Acyl-coA binding proteins could transport acyl-coA esters from plastid to endoplasmic reticulum, prior to fatty acid biosynthesis, leading to the formation of triacylglycerol. The structure and the subcellular localization of acyl-coA binding proteins (ACBP) in Brassica napus were computationally predicted in this study. Earlier, the structure analysis of ACBPs was limited to the small ACBPs, the current study focused on all four classes of ACBPs. Physicochemical parameters including the size and the length, the intron-exon structure, the isoelectric point, the hydrophobicity, and the amino acid composition were studied. Furthermore, identification of conserved residues and conserved domains were carried out. Secondary structure and tertiary structure of ACBPs were also studied. Finally, subcellular localization of ACBPs was predicted. The findings indicated that the physicochemical parameters and subcellular localizations of ACBPs in Brassica napus were identical to Arabidopsis thaliana. Conserved domain analysis indicated that ACBPs contain two or three kelch domains that belong to different families. Identical residues in acyl-coA binding domains corresponded to eight amino acid residues in all ACBPs of B. napus. However, conserved residues of common ACBPs in all species of animal, plant, bacteria and fungi were only inclusive in small ACBPs. Alpha-helixes were displayed and conserved in all the acyl-coA binding domains, representing almost the half of the protein structure. The findings confirm high similarities in ACBPs between A. thaliana and B. napus, they might share the same functions but loss or gain might be possible. 相似文献
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Background
Acyl-coA binding proteins (ACBPs) bind long chain acyl-CoA esters with very high affinity. Their possible involvement in fatty acid transportation from the plastid to the endoplasmic reticulum, prior to the formation of triacylglycerol has been suggested. Four classes of ACBPs were identified in Arabidopsis thaliana: the small ACBPs, the large ACBPs, the ankyrin repeats containing ACBPs and the kelch motif containing ACBPs. They differed in structure and in size, and showed multiple important functions. In the present study, Brassica napus ACBPs were identified and characterized.Results
Eight copies of kelch motif ACBPs were cloned, it showed that B. napus ACBPs shared high amino acid sequence identity with A. thaliana, Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea. Furthermore, phylogeny based on domain structure and comparison map showed the relationship and the evolution of ACBPs within Brassicaceae family: ACBPs evolved into four separate classes with different structure. Chromosome locations comparison showed conserved syntenic blocks.Conclusions
ACBPs were highly conserved in Brassicaceae. They evolved from a common ancestor, but domain duplication and rearrangement might separate them into four distinct classes, with different structure and functions. Otherwise, B. napus inherited kelch motif ACBPs from ancestor conserving chromosomal location, emphasizing preserved synteny block region. This study provided a first insight for exploring ACBPs in B. napus, which supplies a valuable tool for crop improvement in agriculture.Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1735-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献15.
Thlaspi arvense, a wild species from the Brassicaceae family, was shown to have a higher level of freezing tolerance than either of its close
relatives, the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana or the crop Brassica napus (canola). Over 600 clones were sequenced from a subtractive cDNA library generated from cold treated T. arvense tissue, establishing that T. arvense shared significant sequence identity with both A. thaliana and B. napus (90–92%). In light of the strong sequence similarity between T. arvense and A. thaliana and to exploit the available genomics resources for Arabidopsis, the efficacy of using long 70 mer oligonucleotide whole genome Arabidopsis microarrays was tested for T. arvense. Gene expression in T. arvense leaf tissue during the very early stages of cold acclimation (or cold stress) was assayed at three time points and compared
to an untreated control. This analysis highlights some of the difficulties and benefits of using cross-species microarray
analysis. The data suggested that T. arvense responds in a similar fashion to cold stress as the model plant A. thaliana. However, for a number of genes quantitative differences in the level and timing of expression were identified. One of the
most notable differences suggested that sulphur assimilation leading to the increased production of the methyl donor S-adenosyl-methionine
was playing a role in the response of T. arvense to cold stress.
Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献
16.
C. A. P. Henderson K. P. Pauls 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1992,83(4):476-479
Summary The use of haploidy to introgress recessive traits into Brassica napus canola is illustrated by describing the properties of doubled haploids obtained by microspore culture from crosses between a yellow-seeded rapeseed line (low erucic acid, high glucosinolate) and black-seeded canola. Of the 99 doubled haploid lines that were produced, 3 were yellow-seeded canola lines. This result was not significantly different than the predicted frequency of 1 in 64 for the homozygous recessive phenotype in a doubled haploid population segregating for six recessive genes. Thus, the study supports previous models of inheritance determined for yellow seededness and glucosinolate content in Brassica napus. Also, since the chances of obtaining a plant with the same characteristics in a F2 population are 1 in 4,096, the underscore results the advantages of using haploidy to introgress recessive traits into Brassica napus canola. 相似文献
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Tanja Mimmo Stephan Hann Leonhard Jaitz Stefano Cesco Carlo Emanuele Gessa Markus Puschenreiter 《Plant Physiology and Biochemistry》2011,49(11):1272-1278
Root exudates influence significantly physical, chemical and biological characteristics of rhizosphere soil. Their qualitative and quantitative composition is affected by environmental factors such as pH, soil type, oxygen status, light intensity, soil temperature, plant growth, nutrient availability and microorganisms. The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of growth substrate and plant age on the release of carboxylates from Lupinus albus L. and Brassica napus L.Both plant species were studied in continuously percolated microcosms filled with either sand, soil or sand + soil (1:1) mixture. Soil solution was collected every week at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after planting (DAP). Carboxylate concentrations were determined by reversed-phase liquid chromatography - electrospray ionization - time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-TOFMS).Oxalate, citrate, succinate, malate and maleate were detected in soil solutions of both plant species. Their concentrations were correlated with the physiological status of the plant and the growth substrate. Oxalate was the predominant carboxylate detected within the soil solution of B. napus plants while oxalate and citrate were the predominant ones found in the soil solutions of L. albus plants.The sampling determination of carboxylates released by plant roots with continuous percolation systems seems to be promising as it is a non-destructive method and allows sampling and determination of soluble low molecular weight organic compounds derived from root exudation as well as the concentration of soluble nutrients, which both might reflect the nutritional status of plants. 相似文献
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C. Primard F. Vedel C. Mathieu G. Pelletier A. M. Chèvre 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1988,75(4):546-552
Summary Somatic hybridization between Brassica napus and B. hirta (or Sinapis alba) is described. No cybrid plant with B. napus nucleus exhibiting cytoplasmic male sterility was recovered. Somatic hybrids were identified morphologically and, for some of them, by cytological observations. They were also characterised by Southern hybridization of nuclear rDNA. Chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA restriction analysis showed that 2 plants out of 14 have B. hirta ctDNA, one the B. napus mtDNA and the other a hybrid. Nine possess B. napus ctDNA with a hybrid mtDNA. For six of them, mtDNA patterns present novel bands, suggesting intergenomic recombination during fusion. These hybrids will be included in the breeding program. 相似文献