Constitutions of diarylpropanoids from Virola multinervia

The wood of Virola multinervia Ducke (Myristicaceae) contains sitosterol, stigmasterol and two novel diarylpropanoids virolane [1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-propane] and virolanol [2-hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-propane].     

A substituted 1,2-diarylethane from Cymbidium giganteum

In addition to sitosterol and taraxerone, a new substituted 1,2-diarylethane, gigantol has been isolated from Cymbidium giganteum and characterized as 1-(3′-hydroxy-5′-methoxyphenyl-2-(4″-hydroxy-5″-methoxyphenyl)ethane on the basis of physicochemical data and through synthesis of its derivative.     

Neolignans from Virola elongata

The bark of Virola elongata contains the new 8.8′-neolignan, 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)2,3-dimethyl-4-piperonylbutan-1-one besides the known 8.8′, 2.7′-neolignans, 4-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-6,7-dimethoxy-4-piperonyl-1-tetralone and 4-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl-5,6-methylenedioxy-4-piperonyl-1-tetralone.     

Isoflavones from Virola caducifolia

The Myristicaceae must be added to the small number of families which contain isoflavonoids; the previously unknown 5,7,2′-trihydroxy-4′-methoxyisoflavone and 5,7-dihydroxy-2′,4′-dimethoxyisoflavone having been found to co-occur with biochanin A in Virola caducifolia W. Rodr.     

1,11-diarylundecan-1-one and 4-aryltetralone neolignans from Virola sebifera

The seed of Virola sebifera contains besides the polyketide 1 - (2′,6′ - dihydroxyphenyl) - 11 - henylundecan - 1 - one, four neolignans: (2S, 3S, 4R) - 4 - hydroxy - 2,3 - dimethyl - 5,6 - methylenedioxy - 4 - piperonyl - 1 - tetralone and its 2-epimer, as well as (2R, 3R, 4S) - 4 - hydroxy - 6,7 - dimethoxy - 2,3 - dimethyl 4 - piperonyl - 1 - tetralone and its (2R, 3S, 4R) - dehydroxy analogue.     

A pungent diarylheptanoid from Alpinia oxyphylla

From the neutral fraction of the methanolic extract of the fruit of Alpinia oxyphylla, a new pungent compound has been isolated, and is shown to be 1-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxyphenyl)-7-phenyl-3-heptanone. This compound is 125 times more pungent than zingerone.     

Neolignans from Virola carinata

The wood of Virola carinata (Benth.) Warb. contains besides the known neolignans (+)-guaiacin and (?)-galcatin, (?)-isootobaphenol [(2R,3S,4S)-4-guaiacyl-2,3-dimethyl-6,7-methylenedioxytetralin], in addition to 7,4′-dimethoxyflavanone.     

A pungent principle from Alpinia oxyphylla

A pungent diarylheptanoid isolated from Alpinia oxyphylla has been characterized as trans-1-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxyphenyl)-7-phenylhept-1-en     

Neolignans from Virola calophilloidea

Extraction of Virola calophylloidea furnished, besides the known (?)-dihydroguaiaretic acid, two epimeric methoxyhydroxyotobains and a methoxyotobaene.     

Volubolin,a 4-phenyl-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one from Dalbergia volubilis

From the ether soluble portion of a methanolic extract of young non-green branches of Dalbergia volubilis, sitosterol, 7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2H-1-benz     

Production and Characterization of a Pressure-induced Gel from Freeze-concentrated Milk

A process was developed to produce a characteristic milk gel. Raw and market milk samples were freeze-concentrated using bacterial ice nuclei. The concentrates were kept at 5°C and compressed at 300–600 MPa for 5 min. The combination of the freeze concentration and the pressurization gave a milk gel without adding any gelling agents. The addition of sugar at 10% to the concentrated milk improved its gel strength and viscoelasticity. The gel was characterized by a phase transition at about 62–75°C.     

Macrophyllin,a neolignan from Licaria macrophylla

The trunk wood of Licaria macrophylla (A. C. Smith) Kosterm. (Lauraceae) contains, in addition to sitosterol, terpene (borneol) and sesquiterpene (nerolidol, elemol) alcohols, a novel neolignan, macrophyllin, for which the structure of 3-allyl-8-hydroxy-1,5-dimethoxy-7-methyl-4(or 2)-oxo-6-(3′,4′-methylenedioxy-5′-methoxyphenyl)-bicyclo [3,2,1] oct-2(or 4)-ene is proposed.     

Lactones,flavonoids and benzophenones from Garcinia conrauana and Garcinia mannii

Two novel lactones have been isolated from the stem barks of Garcinia conrauana and G. mannii. The major component of the bark of G. conrauana was identified as 3-(3$\text{,}\text{?}$ 3″-dimethylallyl)-conrauanalactone [4-hydroxy-3-(3″, 3″-dimethylallyl)-6-pentadecylpyran- 2-one] by comparison of spectral data of the isolated compound and two methylethers with that obtained for the previously isolated conrauanalactone. A minor component of the bark of G. mannii was tentatively identified as 3-α-hydroxy-5-(heptadec-8′-enyl)-tetrahydro- furan-2-one on the basis of spectral data from the isolated compound and its monoacetate. The distributions of biflavonoids and related compounds and benzophenones in the stem bark, heartwood, seeds and leaves of the two species are reported.     

Microbial Asymmetric Reduction. Preparation of Optically Active Methyl trans-3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)Glycidates

As a result of screening of microorganisms, Mucor ambiguus IFO 6742 was found to reduce methyl 2-chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxopropionate (2) to give methyl (2S,3R)-2-chloro-3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propionate [(2S,3R)-3] in good yield with high enantioselectivity. The resulting (2S, 3R)-3 was converted into methyl (2S,3R)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)glycidate [(2S,3R)-4] by treatment with sodium methoxide. On the other hand, its enantiomer, (2R,3S)-4 was obtained by the Mitsunobu esterification of (2S,3R)-3 and subsequent treatment with sodium methoxide. Also (2R,3S)-4 was obtained by the treatment of (2RS,3S)-3, which was obtained from 2 by Trichoderma viride OUT 4642, with sodium methoxide.     

Three 3-benzyl-4-chromanones from Muscari comosum

Three novel 3-benzyl-4-chromanones have been isolated from the bulbs of Muscari comosum.     

中药大蓟化学成分的研究

从大蓟的50％乙醇提取物中分离得到2个木脂素：（-）2-（3’-甲氧基4’-羟基-苯基）-3,4-二羟基4-（3＂-4＂-羟基-苄基）-3-四氢呋哺甲醇（1）和络石苷（2）,以及另外6个化合物：蒙花苷（3）、柳穿鱼叶苷（4）、粗毛豚草素（5）、芹菜素（6）、咖啡酸（7）和对-香豆酸（8）。本文首次在蓟属植物中发现木脂素类成分,化合物7也为首次从本植物中分离得到,通过体外玻片法对化合物1—8进行凝血活性测定,发现化合物3、4具有一定的促凝血作用。     

Tetronic acid and diarylpropanes from Iryanthera elliptica

The trunk wood of Iryanthera elliptica Ducke (Myristicaceae) contains, besides 2-(ω-piperonyltridecyl) -4-methylidenetetronic acid (iryelliptin), three biogenetically related compounds: (±)-7,4′-dihydroxy-3′-methoxyflavan, 1-(4′-hydroxy-2′-methoxyphenyl)- 3-(4″-hydroxy-3″-methoxyphenyl)-propane and spiro-[3-methoxy-2,5-cyclohexadien-1.1′-6′,7′- dihydroxy-5′-methoxy-1′,2′,3′,4′-tetrahydronaphthalen]-4-one-(spiroelliptin). Spiroelliptin rearranges upon methylation to 2,2′-trimethylene-3,4,5,4′,5′-penta-methoxybiphenyl.