三江平原不同群落小叶章种群地上生物量动态及其时间序列分析

本文通过对三江平原典型草甸、沼泽化草甸、沼泽3个群落的优势植物小叶章种群地上生物量及其时间序列分析。结果表明:3个群落小叶章种群地上生物的季节动态均呈单峰型,均在7月末达到极大值。其抛物线拟合效果良好。时间序列分析准确地反映了小叶章种群地上生物量的季节动态变化规律。     

小叶章种群地上生物量生和主其时间序列分析

本文通过对三江平原典型草甸,沼泽化草甸及沼泽群落的优势种群－小叶章种群地上生物量生长量及其时间序列的分析表明,典型草甸小叶章种群地上生物量生长量季节动态呈“Ｗ”型。     

小叶章种群地上生物量生长量及其时间序列分析

本文通过对三江平原典型草甸、沼泽化草甸及沼泽群落的优势种群-小叶章种群地上生物量生长量及其时间序列的分析表明:典型草甸小叶章种群地上生物量生长量季节动态呈"W"型。另两个类型呈双峰型。其累积生长量均呈单峰型,且在整个生长季,干物质均有一定程度的积累,时间序列分析也验证了上述变化趋势。     

三江平原湿地小叶章群落磷素积累动态与生物量动态分析

采用野外定位观测结合室内分析的方法,对三江平原典型小叶章湿地两种类型小叶章生长季磷的积累及植物生物量的季节动态进行研究,以揭示三江平原湿地中磷在植物中积累的季节动态变化及其与植物生物量积累之间的关系,进一步认识磷在湿地系统中通过植物吸收迁移转化的机制。结果表明,两种小叶章群落地上、地下生物量以及植物体磷储量有明显的季节动态变化,但二者季节变化特征不同。此外,植物体地上、地下部分磷素积累量和生物量在整个植物体所占的比重两种类型也存在一定差异,这与植物所处的生境及其生态适应有一定关系。分析两种小叶章群落的生长速率(AGR)以及磷素的积累速率(Vp),表明在生长初期,磷是植物生长的重要营养元素。两种小叶章的AGR、Vp的变化曲线相似,说明对于这两种小叶章群落,生境不是磷积累速率的主要影响因素。     

两种水分生态型小叶章的生理生态特征研究

通过野外调查与控制试验相结合的方法,比较研究了两种水分生态型小叶章的生理生态特征,结果表明:(1)自然条件下,小叶章沼泽化草甸群落Simpson多样性指数显著高于小叶章草甸群落,但是小叶章草甸群落中小叶章种群生物量显著高于沼泽化草甸群落;草甸小叶章的株高、节长、叶长、叶宽及叶绿素含量均显著高于沼泽化草甸小叶章;叶片干重和叶鞘干、鲜重以及叶片与叶鞘生物量分配比为沼泽化草甸小叶章较高,而茎的干、鲜重和叶片鲜重、总地上生物量及茎生物量分配比均为草甸小叶章较高,但差异均不显著.(2)在人工控制水位条件下,两种生态型小叶章种群密度差异显著,而种群高度则无显著差异;两种生态型小叶章在0 cm、20 cm水位梯度下的叶长,30 cm水位梯度下的叶宽,以及0 cm水位梯度下的叶面积均存在显著差异,沼泽化草甸小叶章个体生长指标均对水位梯度具有显著响应,而典型草甸小叶章仅叶绿素含量对水位梯度具有显著响应.研究发现,两种生态型小叶章对水位条件的敏感程度不同,不同条件下对水位梯度具有不同的响应规律.     

假苇拂子茅群落生物量初步研究

本文研究了假苇子拂子茅群落的生物量,测定了地上和地下生物量及其季节和空间变化。研究结果表明,假苇拂子茅群落生物量季节动态较为明显,９月中旬地上生物量达峰值;地下生物量主要集中在０－１０ｃｍ,季节变化亦很明显,５月最低,９月达峰值,最低值和最高值出现都与春季营养体萌发有关,假苇拂子茅群落Ｆ／Ｃ值偏低,峰值期仅为０．３８８。     

不同水位梯度下的小叶章种群密度

通过人工试验控制水位条件,研究了在不同水位梯度条件下,小叶章种群密度的动态变化,并分析了不同时期小叶章种群密度与水位梯度之间的相关关系。结果表明,小叶章群落中,0~20 cm的水位梯度条件下,小叶章种群密度的季节动态呈比较明显的双峰型曲线。而小叶章-苔草群落中,在-10、0和30 cm水位梯度,小叶章种群密度季节动态曲线为双峰型。小叶章群落不同水位梯度的季节动态曲线显示,除10和20 cm的水位梯度,种群密度具有随着水位梯度的升高而降低的趋势。而小叶章-苔草群落小叶章种群密度最大值出现在0 cm水位梯度,种群密度与水位梯度之间关系复杂,没有简单的线性规律。两个群落均在10 cm水位具有明显的变化:试验初期种群密度显著快速增长,而后趋缓,再增长。小叶章种群密度与水位梯度之间存在着显著负相关性,利用两者之间的拟合方程可以估测不同水位梯度条件下的小叶章种群密度。     

三江平原沼泽化草甸小叶章种群地上生物量及其生长速率季节动态的…

三江平原沼泽化草甸优势种群－小叶章种群地上生物ＡＢＩ,ＡＡＧＲ,ＡＲＧＲ季节动态均呈单峰型。均至７月末到达到极大值。分别为３５８．０５ｇ／ｍ＾２,２３０．９６ｇ／ｍ＾２,１４．６８３０ｇ／ｄ,０．０６３８ｇ／ｇ．ｄ。ＢＩ,ＡＧＲ,ＲＧＲ在７月末之前为正,之后为负。     

小叶章种群分布格局的分形特征I计盒维数

应用分形理论（Ｆｒａｃｔａｌ ｔｈｅｏｒｙ）中的计盒维数（Ｂｏｘ－ｃｏｕｎｔｉｎｇ ｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎ）对三江平原小叶章（Ｄｅｙｅｕｘｉａ ａｎｇｕｓｔｉｆｏｌｉａ）种群分布格局特征进行了研究。结果表明：三江平原小叶章种群分布格局具有分形特征。其计盒维数５－９月分别为１．５２４、１．７６９、１．７１１、１．６１５、１．７０１,表明其占据空间能力较强。季节动态自５月始至６月达到极大值,而后逐渐下降,     

异质生境水位差异对小叶章有性繁殖分配的影响

以三江平原湿地代表植物小叶章为对象,通过对杂类草草甸、典型草甸、沼泽化草甸、沼泽生境中小叶章个体大小与生物量差异及繁殖构件与植株生物量之间相关关系的分析,研究不同生境中水位对小叶章个体生物量与繁殖分配的影响。结果表明: 小叶章个体大小、高度及有性繁殖特征随水位升高而显著降低;杂类草草甸、典型草甸、沼泽化草甸和沼泽中小叶章的繁殖阈值分别为0.245、0.149、0.148和0.157 g;除沼泽化草甸外,其他3种生境中小叶章植株个体大小与繁殖分配均呈显著负相关;相较于个体大小,土壤含水量对于小叶章有性繁殖分配影响更大,不同生境中小叶章对个体大小和繁殖分配的差异投资是其具有良好生态适应性的基础条件。     

三江平原典型草甸小叶章种群地上器官生物量及其分层结构

混合盐胁迫对星星草幼苗光合特性的影响,在短期盐胁迫(6d)和长期盐胁迫(45d)下是不同的。在短期盐胁迫下,小于1.0%的盐胁迫对星星草幼苗光合速率影响不大,甚至还会有一定的促进作用,而超过1.0%以后则迅速降低。气孔导度在盐胁迫下的变化与光合速率的变化基本一致,均随着盐胁迫的增加而降低,而对内的CO₂浓度在整个盐胁迫范围内均增加。     

三江平原湿地小叶章生产力模拟模型

利用气象台站的常规观测资料,依据植物生长模拟理论,以d为步长,建立了湿地小叶章(Deyeuxia angustifolia)植被生产力动态模拟模型。该模型包括3个子模块:1)光合作用与呼吸作用;2)干物质积累;3)同化物分配,主要考虑了温度和积水因子对植物生长的影响。并利用实测资料对该模型进行了检验,结果表明:小叶章地上活体、枯落物、茎、叶各器官枯落物的模拟值与实测值之间均呈极显著的线性相关(R²分别为0.98、0.99、0.99和0.92)。在相邻区域的检验结果也表明,季节性积水沼泽化草甸小叶章的地上生物量明显高于常年积水沼泽。两类湿地小叶章地上生物量的模拟值与实测值之间均呈极显著线性相关(R²分别为0.66和0.79)。相近区域长期定位观测点连续2年的模拟结果与实测值之间也具有极显著的线性相关(R²分别为0.97和0.76)。     

Dynamics of root-shoot ratio and environmental effective factors of recovering Leymus chinensis steppe vegetation in Inner Mongolia, China

A field study was conducted to examine the relationships between the root-shoot ratio dynamics and the precipitation and temperature of the typical Leymus chinensis steppe recovering from grazing in Inner Mongolia, China. A former piece of pasture land that had been fenced off for 2 years was selected for the study, and aboveground and belowground biomass was collected from the study site along with local precipitation and temperature observations during the study period and was used in the analysis. The results indicated that 1) the seasonal change in both aboveground and belowground biomass in Leymus chinensis steppe demonstrated a pattern with a single peak occurring in August. 2) The root-shoot ratio showed a seasonal variation, with relatively high values at the beginning and the end of the growing season. The minimum ratio occurred in late August when the aboveground bio-mass reached its maximum. 3) The monthly root-shoot ratio was significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with the monthly precipitation two months ago, and with the mean temperature in the previous month. A regression model was built with the root-shoot ratio as the dependent variable, and precipitation and temperature as the independent variables. This regression could be used to model the monthly root-shoot ratio dynamics of Leymus chinensis steppe during the growing season.     

恢复状态下羊草（Leymus chinensis）草原植被根冠比动态及影响因子

利用内蒙古羊草草原围栏样地连续两年的地上、地下生物量数据和当地同时期的降水、气温资料,分析了退化羊草草原,在恢复过程中植被根冠比动态及与水热因子之间的关系。研究结果表明：（1）羊草草原植被地上、地下生物量季节变化均呈单峰型曲线,峰值出现在8月。（2）羊草草原植被根冠比具有明显的季节变化,生长季初和生长季末根冠比值较大,最低值出现在地上生物量最高的8月中下旬。（3）羊草草原植被月根冠比与上上月月降水量相关关系极显著,与七月平均气温相关关系显著;以根冠比为因变量,上上月月降水量、上月平均气温为自变量可分别建立线性回归方程。该方程可以较好地模拟羊草草原植被生长季内月根冠比的动态变化,这样在草地恢复过程中,可由上月的水热因子来指导下月的草地管理,并为更准确地估算草原生态系统生产力及碳储存动态提供重要参数。     

小叶章种群高度的季节动态

探讨了三江平原以小叶章为优势种的典型草旬、沼泽化草甸、沼泽３个植被类型中小叶章种群高度的变化规律。结果表明,在３个类型中,种群高度的季节动态均呈单峰型,极大值均出现在７月末,分别为１１２．６７ｃｍ、１０１．６１ｃｍ、８３．８８ｃｍ。ＨＡＧＲ的季节动态在７月末之前〉０,之后〈０;典型草甸和沼泽化草甸的极大值出现在６月末至７月中旬,沼泽则出现在６月中旬至６月末;极小值典型草甸出现在８月末至９月中旬,而     

三江平原不同群落小叶章种群生物量及氮、磷营养结构动态

对三江平原典型草甸和沼泽化草甸两个群落的优势植物小叶章的生物量、结构动态、不同生长阶段各器官的氮、磷含量和储量动态以及氮、磷养分限制状况进行了研究.结果表明,二者各器官生物量差异显著,但均符合模式Y=A+B_1t+B_2t2+B_3t3;二者地上各器官生物量均为单峰型,且峰值出现的时间相差15 d左右;F/C 均小于1且前者明显大于后者;二者地上各器官的全氮和全磷含量在生长季均单调下降,且叶＞叶鞘＞茎,根中全氮变化基本一致,但全磷变化差别很大;二者各器官“三氮”含量特别是NH₄⁺-N和NO₃^--N含量变化较大,且NH₄⁺-N/NO₃^--N＞1;根是二者氮、磷的重要储库,而茎、叶和叶鞘的氮、磷储量波动较大;两种小叶章的氮/磷＜14,表明氮是影响二者生长的限制性养分,但其对于前者的限制性程度要高于后者.     

三江平原沼泽化草甸小叶章种群地上生物量及其生长速率季节动态的研究

三江平原沼泽化草甸优势种群-小叶章(Deyeuxia angustifolia)种群地上生物ABI,AAGR,ARGR季节动态均呈单峰型。均至7月末到达到极大值。分别为358.05g/m²,230.96g/m²,14.6830g/d,0.0638g/g·d。BI,AGR,RGR在7月末之前为正,之后为负。极大值均出现在6月末-7月中旬,分别为107. 97g/m²、7.712g/d、0.0274g/g·d。且BI与AGR、RGR, ABI与AAGR、ARGR存在着极显著的线性关系。     

Biomass allocation patterns of Loropetalum chinense

Aims Biomass is the most fundamental quantitative character of an ecosystem. Biomass allocation patterns reflect the strategies of plants to adapt various habitat conditions and play a vital role in evolution, biodiversity conservation and global carbon cycle. Loropetalum chinense shrub is one of the most dominant shrub types in subtropical China. The objectives of this study were to quantify the allometric relationships and the biomass allocation pattern among organs, and to investigate the effects of body size, shrub regeneration origin and site factors on allometry and biomass allocation.
Methods Individual samples of L. chinense were harvested from shrublands in subtropical China and were further divided into leaves, stems and roots. The allometric relationships between different organs were modeled with standard major axis (SMA) regression and the biomass allocation to different organs was quantified. The effects of body size, shrub regeneration origin and other habitat factors on allometry and allocation were examined using Pearson’s correlation analysis and multiple linear regressions.
Important findings The isometric scaling relationships between shoot and root changed to allometric relationships with increasing basal diameter. The scaling relationships between leaf and stem and between leaf and root were isometric for smaller diameter classes, while for larger diameter classes they were allometric. These relationships were significantly different among shrub regeneration origin types. The scaling relationships between different organs were not affected by habitat factors; while the coverage of shrub layer and slope affected biomass allocation due to their influences on the allometric relationships between different organs at the initial stage of growth. The mean dry mass ratios of leaf, stem, root and the mean root to shoot ratio were 0.11, 0.55, 0.34 and 0.65, respectively. With the increase of basal diameter class, stem mass ratio (0.50-0.64) increased, while leaf mass ratio (0.12-0.08) and root mass ratio (0.38-0.28) decreased, and consequently root to shoot ratio (0.91-0.43) also decreased. In secondary shrublands, the leaf mass ratio was 0.12 and the root mass ratio was 0.33, while these values were 0.07 and 0.36 respectively in natural shrublands. The ratio of aboveground allocation was significantly correlated to shrub layer coverage (r = 0.44, p < 0.05). Leaf mass ratio was significantly correlated to slope (r = -0.36, p < 0.05) and root mass ratio was significantly correlated to mean annual temperature (r = 0.34, p < 0.05). Results showed that with the increase of body size, the scaling relationships between different organs of L. chinense changed from isometric to allometric, and more biomass was allocated to aboveground part, and concretely, to stems. Human disturbance affected biomass allocation by its influences on the allometric relationships between different organs, and by increasing biomass allocation to leaves and decreasing allocation to roots. Reduced light resource promoted the biomass allocation to aboveground part, and higher slope resulted in decreased biomass allocation to leaves, while higher mean annual temperature promoted biomass allocation to roots. The variation in annual precipitation had no significant influences on biomass allocation. The biomass allocation strategies of L. chinense partially support the optimal partitioning theory.