家蚕质型多角体病毒荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

根据GenBank报道的家蚕质型多角体蛋白基因的保守序列设计特异性引物扩增118bp核苷酸片段,使用含有目的基因片段的重组质粒标准品绘制标准曲线,建立家蚕质型多角体病毒的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法。结果表明,标准曲线中模板拷贝数(X)与Ct值(Y)关系为Y=-3.582lgX+38.748,相关系数R2=0.999,构建的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法具有良好的敏感性、特异性和重复性,可用于家蚕质型多角体病毒病的快速检验及该病的流行性调查研究。     

江浙蝮蛇神经生长因子在家蚕幼虫中的表达

江浙蝮蛇神经生长因子（ＮＧＦ）基因克隆于昆虫病毒转移栽体ｐＢａｃＰＡＫ８中,获得重组转移栽体ｐＢａｃ－ＰＡＫ－ＮＧ〈与线性化Ｂｍ－ＡａｃＰＡＫ６修饰病基因组ＤＮＡ共转染家蚕细胞,经过体内重组,筛选到重组病毒。用重组病毒洒家蚕幼虫,５天后收集血淋巴,经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ检测及利用ＰＣ１２细胞进行ＮＧＦ生物活力测定证明,神经生长因子在家蚕幼虫中得到较高表达,且表达产物具有良好的生物学活性     

家蚕核型胸角体病毒酪氨酸蛋白磷酸酯酶基因的克隆及在大肠杆菌中表达

采用PCR方法克隆了家蚕核型多角体病毒中国镇江株（BmNPV-JZstrain）的酪氨酸蛋白磷酸酯酶基因（ptp),测定了该基因的核苷酸序列。比较了与相关病毒相应基因的同源性,并将该基因插入到原核表达质粒在大肠杆菌中进行了表达。该基因的编码部分由507个核苷酸组成,编码168个氨基酸残基的蛋白多肽,其中含有酪氨酸蛋白磷酸酶酯催化部位的“HC”基序。该基因与苜蓿银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒（AcMNPV)ptp基因和BmNPV-T3株（日本）拟为ptp基因核苷酸序列的同源性分别为96．8％和98．2％,蛋白质氨基酸序列的同源性分别为97．0％和97．6％。将该基因插入到温度诱导型表达质粒pBV221的温控启动子PRPL之后,在大肠杆菌JM109中表达了具有催化活性的蛋白质,分子量约为19KD,表达产物能催化对硝基酚磷酸钠（PNPP）的脱磷酸反应,这种催化作用可被钒酸钠和ZnCl2抑制。     

家蚕核型多角体病毒ORF 75基因的克隆和表达

河南农业大学植保学院尹新明、安世恒、江志伟、胡鹏等博士、教授根据GenBank序列L33180设计引物用PCR技术扩增了编码家蚕核型多角体病毒bombyx mori nueleopolyhedrovirus,BmNPVORF75基因的DNA片段,将其连接至PMD18-T载体上,获得了该基因的成熟蛋白阅读框序列,用设计的酶切位点将目的基因从克隆载体上切下,     

重组家蚕病毒表达系统转移载体的构建和β—半乳糖苷酶的表达

本文从中国农科院蚕业研究所提供的我国家蚕核多角体病毒镇江株中获得了多角体蛋白的强启动子,用此启动子构建了家蚕病毒表达系统的转移载体。外源基因能在此启动了控制下在家蚕细胞和虫体中进行高效表达。用此载体我们首先成功地在家蚕虫体中高效表达了β－半乳糖苷酶,表达量达到５８０μｇ／条蚕,从而证实我们构建的载体是可靠的,有效的,可用于家蚕重组病毒表达外源基因的研究。     

家蚕病毒的表面增强拉曼光谱研究

得到并分析了家蚕核型多角体病毒（ＢｏｍｂｙｘｍｏｒｉＮｏｃｌｅａｒＰｏｌｙｈｅｄｒｏｓｉｓＶｉｒｕｓ缩写为ＢｍＮＰＶ）和质型多角体病毒（ＢｏｍｂｙｘｍｏｒｉｃｙｔｏｐｌａｓｍｉｃＰｏｌｙｈｅｄｒｏｓｉｓＶｉｒｕｓ缩写为ＢｍＣＰＶ）包涵体（即核型多角体ＢｍＮＰＢ和质型多角体ＢｍＣＰＢ）在银胶溶液中的表面增强拉曼散射（ＳＥＲＳ）光谱。ＢｍＮＰＢ和ＢｍＣＰＢ通过氨基酸残基侧链的Ｓ原子、ＣＯＯ－（ＣＯＯＨ）和ＮＨ２（ＮＨ）基团以及蛋白质分子的Ｎ－末端与银表面相作用。Ｔｒｐ残基金部或大部处于疏水环境中。ＢｍＮＰＢ中蛋氨酸残基侧链的Ｓ－ＣＨ２和ＣＨ２－ＣＨ２链分别为扭曲和扭曲式构型。ＢｍＣＰＢ中的Ｓ－ＣＨ２和ＣＨ２－ＣＨ２链则分别属于反式和扭曲构型;Ｃ－Ｃ－Ｓ－Ｓ－Ｃ－Ｃ链为反式－扭曲－反式结构。     

氯霉素乙酰基转移酶基因在家蚕核型多角体病毒P10基因启动子控制下的表达

昆虫核型多角体病毒(NPV)P10基因属于晚期基因,为强启动子所控制,又是病毒复制所非必需的基因。我们对前报的家蚕核型多角体病毒(BmNPV)P10基因,应用PCR技术进行ATG区定点突变,在ATG被突变的同时形成一个BglⅡ酶切位点,得到一个不含ATG的BmNPV P10基因启动子。将长为230bp的经突变后的BmNPV P10基因5’端(包括启动子所有特征)片段克隆进pMMTV·CAT质粒中,构建成一个CAT基因在BmNPV P10基因启动子控制下的pBmPl0·CAT瞬间表达质粒。该质粒通过转染进入经野生型BmNPV感染的BmN细胞中,CAT得以表达。证明BmNPV P10启动子是比较强的启动子,可以在BmN细胞表达外源基因,具备了作为表达载体启动子的特性。     

家蚕核型多角体病毒基因polh的诱变分析

曾报道经化学诱变剂ＭＭＣ、９－ＡＡ和ＥＭＳ诱变的家蚕核型多角体病毒（ＢｍＮＰＶ）多角体形态出现异常,继代分离的诱变ＢｍＮＰＶ基因组对ＥｃｏＲＩ、ＢｇｌＩＩ和ＢａｍＨＩ的酶切谱发生变化。研究进一步揭示,诱变ＢｍＮＰＶ的多角体外层蛋白晶格排列呈现紊乱;多角体蛋白的ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳谱与对照组比较有显著差异;对多角体蛋白基因ｐｏｌｈ的测序结果显示,３组诱变ＢｍＮＰＶ的ｐｏｌｈ基因发生了多处碱基（氨基酸     

异源多角体蛋白对家蚕核型多角体病毒粒子的包装

利用PCR方法从AcMNPV基因组DNA中分离出多角体蛋白基因 ,将该扩增片段克隆到转移载体pBacPAK8中 ,得到重组转移载体pOAc。将该质粒DNA与线性化的Bm BacPAK6病毒基因组DNA共传染BmN细胞 ,得到了能形成多角体且不产生蓝色空斑的重组病毒hp BmNPV。纯化该重组病毒的多角体颗粒 ,并对多角体蛋白、病毒核酸及多角体病毒颗粒进行分析 ,发现AcMNPV的多角体蛋白能在家蚕细胞中大量表达且能在细胞内识别家蚕核型多角体病毒并组装成多角体颗粒 ;病毒基因组DNA因部分交换 ,其酶切行为发生了相应的变化 ;电镜观察发现经AcMNPV多角体蛋白包装的家蚕核型多角体病毒的多角体颗粒大小为1 2 μm～ 2 9μm ,明显小于野生型家蚕核型多角体病毒的多角体颗粒     

The Nucleolus and Viral Infection

The nucleolus is a subnuclear structure of eukaryocytes. It was thought that nucleolus only participates in the biogenesis and processing of rRNA. However, more and more evidence shows that it has many other functions, such as tRNA precursor processing, stress sensing and it is also involved in gene silencing, senescence and cell cycle regulation. Here, we summarize the recent understandings about the nucleolar functions, the regulation of nucleolar localization of proteins and the role that the nucleolus p...     

肺组织钩虫感染的基因表达谱分析

目的:从基因水平研究蠕虫感染和自身免疫性疾病之间的关系,发展治疗自身免疫病的新策略.方法:使用Gene Ontology和two-way ANOVA的方法,通过GeneSiRer VizX Labs LLC,Seattle,WA,USA软件对肺组织钩虫感染的基因表达谱进行分析.结果:得到具有种系效应的517个差异基因,对这些基因聚类,可以划分为在WT小鼠高表达和低表达两类,其中参与黄体酮代谢的基因Afp在WT小鼠肺组织呈过表达状态.结论:Th2细胞活化对自身免疫性疾病多发性硬化(Ms)具有抑制作用,并筛选出了Th2反应中的9个特异基因.     

害虫治理的病毒感染模型

研究了一类食饵受病毒感染的生态流行病模型,考虑脉冲释放病毒颗粒和自然天敌来进行害虫治理.利用Floquet乘子理论、小振幅扰动技巧和比较定理证明了害虫灭绝周期解的全局渐近稳定性以及系统持续生存的充分条件.结果为现实的害虫管理提供了科学依据.     

外体和病毒感染

外体(exosome)是源自细胞内体的小囊泡,可由多种哺乳动物细胞分泌释放,其组分包括蛋白质、脂质、mRNA和microRNA,是细胞间"通讯"交互的工具之一。我们以介绍外体的组成和生物发生为基础,综述了近年来其在病毒感染致病中的研究成果,以期为病毒感染致病机理的研究提供新的切入点。     

Oxymatrine Inhibits Bocavirus MVC Replication,Reduces Viral Gene Expression and Decreases Apoptosis Induced by Viral Infection

Oxymatrine(OMT), as the main active component of Sophoraflavescens, exhibits a variety of pharmacological properties,including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-viral activities, and currently is extensively employed to treat viral hepatitis; however, its effects on parvovirus infection have yet to be reported. In the present study, we investigated the effects of OMT on cell viability, virus DNA replication, viral gene expression, cell cycle, and apoptosis in Walter Reed canine cells/3873 D infected with minute virus of canines(MVC). OMT, at concentrations below 4 mmol/L(no cellular toxicity), was found to inhibit MVC DNA replication and reduce viral gene expression at both mRNA and protein levels, which was associated with the inhibition of cell cycle S-phase arrest in early-stage of MVC infection.Furthermore, OMT significantly increased cell viability, decreased MVC-infected cell apoptosis, and reduced the expression of activated caspase 3. Our results suggest that OMT has potential application in combating parvovirus infection.     

Viral Infection and Cell Differentiation

The dependence of viral reproduction and success of viral infection on cell differentiation is briefly reviewed at the example of picornaviruses—small RNA viruses of animals. In particular, the role of the cell factors in viral tropism, control of viral RNA translation, and the pattern of infected cell death are discussed.     

Integrin Activation and Viral Infection

Integrins are members of a ubiquitous membrane receptor family which includes 18 different α subunits and 8 β subunits forming more than 20 α/β heterodimers. Integrins play key functions in vascular endothelial cell and tumour cell adhesion, lymphocyte trafficking, tumor growth and viral infection. Current understanding of the molecular basis of integrins as viral receptors has been achieved through many decades of study into the biology of transmembrane glycoproteins and their interactions with several viruses. This review provides a summary of the current knowledge on the molecular bases of interactions between viruses and integrins, which are of potential practical significance. Inhibition of virus-integrin interactions at the points of virus attachment or entry will provide a novel approach for the therapeutic treatment of viral diseases.     

The Multifaceted Roles of TAM Receptors during Viral Infection

■yro3, ■xl, and ■ertk(TAM) receptors play multiple roles in a myriad of physiological and pathological processes,varying from promoting the phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells, sustaining the immune and inflammatory homeostasis,maintaining the blood-brain barrier(BBB) integrity and central nervous system(CNS) homeostasis, to mediating cancer malignancy and chemoresistance. Growth arrest-specific protein 6(Gas6) and protein S(Pros1) are the two ligands that activate TAM receptors. Recently, TAM receptors have been reported to mediate cell entry and infection of multitudinous enveloped viruses in a manner called apoptotic mimicry. Moreover, TAM receptors are revitalized during viral entry and infection, which sequesters innate immune and inflammatory responses, facilitating viral replication and immune evasion.However, accumulating evidence have now proposed that TAM receptors are not required for the infection of these viruses in vivo. In addition, TAM receptors protect mice against the CNS infection of neuroinvasive viruses and relieve the brain lesions during encephalitis. These protective effects are achieved through maintaining BBB integrity, attenuating proinflammatory cytokine production, and promoting neural cell survival. TAM receptors also regulate the programmed cell death modes of virus-infected cells, which have profound impacts on the pathogenesis and outcome of infection. Here, we systematically review the functionalities and underlying mechanisms of TAM receptors and propose the potential application of TAM agonists to prevent severe viral encephalitis.