Trilobites from the lower and lowermost middle Cambrian of the Kiya River reference section (Kuznetsk Alatau)

The Kiya River reference section is characterized by trilohites confined to units X–XV of the Lower Cambrian Usa Formation and to the base of the lowermost Middle Cambrian Berikul Formation. Trilobites are represented by 130 species assigned to 77 genera. The given paper describes 38 species belonging to 27 genera. 16 species, 2 genera and one subfamily are new. All of them occur in the Usa Formation and in the Lower Cambrian pebbles of the Berikul Formation. Biostratigraphic analysis shows that the trilobite fauna contains characteristic trilobite assemblage elements of the Lower Cambrian regional stages in the Altay-Sayan Fold Belt, i.e. the Kiya and Kameshki regional stages (Atdabanian Stage), the Sanashtykgol regional stage (Botomian Stage), the Obruchev regional stage (Toyonian Stage). Table I shows trilobite species composition and vertical distribution in the reference section.     

New Upper Cambrian Lingulata (Brachiopoda) from the Agyrek mountains (northeastern central Kazakhstan)

Two new genera, Repkinella and Aristotreta, and five new species from the class Lingulata (Brachiopoda) are described from the Upper Cambrian olistolith limestone enclosed in the Upper Ordovician olistostrome from the Agyrek mountains (northeastern Kazakhstan). The family Curticiidae Walcott et Schuchert is referred to the order Lingulida, not order Acrotretida, where it was previously placed.     

Middle and Upper Cambrian Protoconodonts and Paraconodonts from Hunan, South China

More than 4200 kg of limestone, representing 980 productive samples, from the upper Middle Cambrian, Upper Cambrian, and lowermost Ordovician in western and north-western Hunan were processed for paraconodonts, protoconodonts, and euconodonts. The focus of the present paper is on the upper Middle and lower Upper Cambrian interval as it is developed at two, apparently stratigraphically continuous, key sections. The collections studied, which include more than 20,000 specimens and are quite diverse taxonomically, prove that some protoconodonts and paraconodonts are useful biostratigraphically. Previously proposed protoconodont-paraconodont biozones in Hunan are revised and correlated with recently revised trilobite biozones, as well as with protoconodont-paraconodont and trilobite biozones in North China. Twenty-six species and seven conditionally identified species belonging to 13 genera are described. Among these, two genera ( Huayuanodontus and Yongshunella ) and two species ( Westergaardodina elegans and Yongshunella polymorpha ) are new. This study has special interest for Cambrian biostratigraphy because the two studied sections are global stratotype candidates for the Middle-Upper Cambrian series boundary. The level of the Upper-Middle Cambrian Series boundary, as currently recognized in China (at the base of the Linguagnostus reconditus Trilobite Biozone) is well marked in the paraconodont succession and can be traced into the Swedish standard succession using these fossils. By contrast, another level recently proposed as a potential global Middle-Upper Cambrian Series boundary level, the base of the Glyptagnostus reticulatus Trilobite Biozone, does not coincide with any marked change in the Hunan conodont species succession useful for local and regional correlation.     

辽宁辽阳晚寒武世崮山组树形笔石

笔石发现于辽宁辽阳兰家晚寒武世崮山组 Drepanura 带,他们为 Dendrograptus liaoyangensis sp. nov., Dendrograptus liaoyangensis latus subsp. nov., Callograptus lanjiaensis sp. nov., Callograptus sp. A, Callograptus sp. B.,这是我国已知最低层位的笔石.     

湘西晚寒武世多节类三叶虫新种及Erixanium属首次发现

文中描记 3个多节类三叶虫新种 :Hardyoidesdamaensissp .nov .,Meringaspisdamaensissp .nov .,andRhyssometopus (Rostrifinis)nitidussp .nov .,均产自湘西凤凰花桥组中部。同时描记首次在江南斜坡带中发现的Erixanium一属的保留命名种Erixaniumcf.E .sentum。Erixanium是全球性分布的多节类三叶虫 。     

用matK序列分析探讨木兰属植物的系统发育关系

用木兰科Magnoliaceae 57种植物的matK基因序列构建了该科的系统发育分支图。结果表明: (1)木兰属Magnolia L.是一个因为性状的趋同演化而建立的多系类群; (2)木兰亚属subgen. Magnolia和玉兰亚属subgen. Yulania (Spach) Reichenb.亲缘关系较远, 支持将后者从该属中分出建立玉兰属Yulania Spach, 木兰亚属作为木兰属保留; (3)木兰亚属的sect. Splendentes Dandy ex Vazquez组与皱种组sect. Rytidospermum Spach的两个美洲种M. macrophylla Michaux和M. dealbata Zucc.亲缘关系较近, 荷花玉兰组sect. Theorhodon Spach与常绿组sect. Gwillimia DC.的亲缘关系较近; (4)盖裂木属Talauma Juss.可以成立, 而其分布于亚洲的Blumiana Blume组可归入木兰属; (5)拟单性木兰属Parakmeria Hu &; Cheng、华盖木属Manglietiastrum Law以及单性木兰属Kmeria (Pierre) Dandy形成一个单系群, 与玉兰亚属和含笑属Michelia L.的亲缘关系较近。花的着生位置不足以作为木兰科的分族依据, 含笑族Michelieae和木兰族Magnolieae的特征及其界定应做修改。将玉兰亚属从木兰属分出后, 木兰属与含笑属无性状交叉,成为两个区别明显的属。     

Phylogenetic and morphological analysis of Aspergillus ochraceoroseus

Aspergillus ochraceoroseus produces the yellow-gold conidia and other characteristics of Aspergillus subgenus Circumdati section Circumdati. However, this species produces aflatoxin, a secondary metabolite characteristic of some members of subgenus Circumdati section Flavi and sterigmatocystin, a related secondary metabolite usually associated with subgenus Nidulantes sections Nidulantes and Versicolores, as well as members of several other genera. Our morphological data support the placement of A. ochraceoroseus in subgenus Circumdati. Sequence data from A. ochraceoroseus aflatoxin and sterigmatocystin genes aflR and nor-1/stcE, as well as 5.8S ITS and beta tubulin genes, were compared to those of aspergilli in sections Circumdati, Flavi, Nidulantes and Versicolores. In the sequence comparisons, A. ochraceoroseus was related more closely to the species in subgenus Nidulantes than to species from subgenus Circumdati.     

山东省青州地区寒武-奥陶系界线研究的新进展

首次报道了山东省青州地区尧王山剖面的寒武 奥陶系界线地层的牙形石生物地层学的最新研究成果,在该剖面的炒米店组灰岩建立了 9个牙形石带,其中下奥陶统为 3个带,上寒武统凤山阶为 6个带;并与国内外研究较详细的寒武 奥陶系界线地层进行了对比。在该剖面首次发现了界线牙形石分子Iapetognathusfluctivagus,这也是在整个华北地区的首次报道,这一发现为山东地区乃至整个华北地区的寒武 奥陶系的界线划分提供了新的标尺。     

Upper Cambrian agnostoid trilobites from the Machari Formation, Yongwol, Korea

The Middle to Upper Cambrian Machari Formation in Korea is well known for abundant and diverse trilobites along with other invertebrate fossils. Based on recent reappraisal on the trilobites of the Machari Formation, eight trilobite zones have been proposed for the Upper Cambrian sequence: i.e., in ascending order the Glyptagnostus stolidotus, Glyptagnostus reticulatus, Proceratopyge tenuis, Hancrania brevilimbata, Eugonocare longifrons, Eochuangia hana, Agnostotes orientalis and Pseudoyuepingia asaphoides zones. Trilobites from the lower five zones and part of the Pseudoyuepingia asaphoides Zone have been already published elsewhere. In this paper, we describe the agnostoid trilobites of the upper three zones, Eochuangia hana, Agnostotes orientalis and Pseudoyuepingia asaphoides zones, of the Machari Formation. These comprise 24 species belonging to 13 genera, including one new genus (Yongwolagnostus) and ten new species (Homagnostus? sulcatus, Ivshinagnostus alatus, Ivshinagnostus quadratus, Yongwolagnostus stenorhachis, Yongwolagnostus dubius, Nahannagnostus pratti, Pseudagnostus? dividuus, Pseudagnostus medius, Pseudorhaptagnostus? urceus and Ammagnostus serus). These biozones correlate well with middle Upper Cambrian zones established in South China, Australia, Kazakhstan, Siberia, and Canadian Rocky Mountains.     

A taxonomic revision of the genus Tordylium L. (Apiaceae)

The four related genera: Ainsworthia Boiss., Tordylium L., Synelcosciadium Boiss. and Mandenovia Alava are revised. Data are presented from detailed gross morphology, mericarp surface features and anatomy, and palynology.
The results show: (1) Ainsmorthia and Synelcosciadium are congeneric with the genus Tordylium, and that Mandenovia is a good monotypic genus; (2) Tordylium persicum is synonymous with 7. cappadocicum and 7. aegaeum with 7. pestalozzae; (3) the genus Tordylium is best divided into subgenus Tordylium (including Synelcosciadium) and subgenus Ainsworthia (Boiss.) Drude. The latter is divided into section Condylocarpus (Hoffm.) DC, section Hasselquistia (L.) Boiss. and section Univittata Drude.
A new species of Tordylium is described, and two new combinations made. A taxonomic treatment of the genus 'Tordylium', together with a key to the species, is given.     

Revision of the Cambrian Agnostina (Trilobita?) from Russia

Cambrian genera and species of Agnostina (?Trilobita) found in Russia are revised. Agnostid trilobite species are used as index taxa in chronostratigraphic subdivisions of the traditional Middle and Upper Cambrian in both regional and global stratigraphic scales. The correlation of the regional and international stratigraphic schemes largely depends on the state of knowledge of the regional agnostid fauna. Therefore, an up-to-date revision of this group based on the Russian collections taking into account their global diversity is very timely. For this study we reexamined the type collections of agnostids, including the holotypes of species described by Russian authors. This paper contains new photographic images of the holotypes housed in Russian museums. The compiled data offered solutions for some difficult taxonomic problems of the families Agnostidae, Ptychagnostidae, Peronopsidae, and some genera of Pseudagnostidae, Diplagnostidae. Apart from listing the diversity, this paper serves as the basis for studying the biogeography and evolution of this interesting arthropod group.     

黔东早—中寒武世凯里组疑源类组合及其界线意义

通过对台江八郎和丹寨两条剖面凯里组中疑源类化石的分析,研究,台江剖面产疑源类化石有17属35各（12未定种）,其中以Leiosphaeridia,Synsphareidium,Cymatiosphaera,Pterospermella最为丰富,可划分为3个组合,即Cymatiosphaera cf.cristata-Fimbriaglomerella memebrancea组合,Cristallinium-Micrhystridium-Pterospermella组合和Dictyotidium-Granomarginata组合,丹寨平寨剖面凯里组所产疑源类化石有：13属21种（5未定种）,同样划分为3个组合,即Leiosphaeridia-Tasmanites组合,Retisphaeridium-Micrhystridium tentatium组合和Baltisphaeridium-Bubomorpha hunjiangensis组合,本文对两条剖面中的凝源类化石的组成,相对含量做了详细的统计,发现在八郎剖面9－2层和平寨剖面3层疑源类的丰度,分异度开始发生明显的变化,表现由早寒武世向中寒武世疑源类组合面貌的转变,这一疑源类转变层位正好是与三叶虫划分的中,下寒武统界线的层位位置相一致,这充分表明疑源类化石可作为划分中,下寒武统的极有价值的微体生物化石证据。     

中国-喜玛拉雅特有属——蓝钟花属的分类修订

Cyananthus Wallich ex Bentham, the only genus of Campanulaceae with superior ovary, is revised to clarify infrageneric relationships and phylogeny of the genus. Evidence obtained from the comparative gross morphology, anatomy, palynology, and karyomorpho-logy recommends a new infrageneric classification of the genus, recognizing 23 species, belonging to two subgenera, four sections and four subsections. One subgenus(Subgen. Mi-cranthus), one section(Sect. Suffruticulosi) and two subsections(Subsect. Flavi and Sub-sect. Lichiangenses)are described as new taxa. New combinations at sectional (Sect. Annui) and subsectional(Subsect. Stenolobi) ranks are also proposed. The genus Cyananthus is strictly distributed in the high mountains of China(Xizang, Yunnan and Sichuan), extending to Bhutan, Nepal and India (Kumaon-Garhwal, Assam and Sikkim), with altitudinal ranges from 2500 ~ 5300 m. It is observed that 13 species are endemic to SW China and only three species are endemic to the Himalayas( two species in Ne     

吐鲁番盆地鄯善地区中、晚侏罗世介形类

报道吐鲁番盆地连木沁剖面七克以组及齐古组的介形类化石３属１０种,其中２新种１未定种;Ｔｈｅｒｉｏｓｙｎｏｅｃｕｍ？ｑｉｋｔｉｍｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏ。,Ｔｈ．ｈｕｏｙａｎｓｈａｎｅｎｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ｄａｒｗｉｎｕｌａ ｓｐ．,根据化石组合面貌,自上而下可建立两个组合,即Ｄａｒｗｉｎｕｌａ－Ｍｅｔａｃｙｐｒｉｓ组合和Ｔｈｅｒｉｏｓｙｎｏｅｃｕｍ？－Ｄａｒｗｉｎｕｌａ组合,其时代分别为晚侏罗世和     

黔桂皖二叠纪末期硅泥质岩相地层中的介形类

对广西柳桥剖面、贵州晒瓦剖面和安徽平顶山西剖面晚二叠世末期硅泥质岩相地层中产出的介形类化石进行了系统分类学研究,共鉴定介形类化石30属86种,其中包括1个新属Denticupachydomella Yuan gen.nov.和2个新种Pseudobythocypris guiqianensis Yuan sp.nov.和Denticupachydomella spinosa Yuan sp.nov..该动物群主要由薄壳和个体较小的介形类组成,呈现出以古生代分子为主,同时含有少量典型中生代先驱分子(如:Abrobairdia,Lobobairdia)的混合动物群面貌.通过这些剖面之间的对比以及与前人研究资料对比,发现各剖面产出的介形类动物群具有强烈的地方性,三个剖面之间无相同分子,亦仅有20种曾报道于欧洲和东南亚等地区晚石炭世-晚二叠世地层.     

Pollen morphology and phylogenetic relationships in neotropical Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae)

In order to provide new insights into phylogenetic relationships among the neotropical taxa of Phyllanthus , 28 illustrations are provided of the pollen grains of 22 selected species studied from 11 sections of the subgenera represented in the neotropics. Special attention has been given to subgenus Conami because of its variability in pollen morphology: of eight species illustrated, the apertures are diploporate colpi in three species and pores in five species; exine ornamentation is vermiculate in two species and pilate in the other six species. The six species in the neotropical sections Pityrocladus and Microglochidion (subgenus Emblica ) are characterized by prolate grains with an increased number of colpi (4–8). Of particular interest are species in which the pollen exine is clypeate (with exine shields); clypeate pollen grains are illustrated in two species of subgenus Xylophylla and in one species of section Cyclanthera that has unique exine shields with single central pila. The pollen of the one Brazilian phylloclade-bearing species illustrated (in section Choretropsis ) has 3-colporate grains with reticulate exine, typical for subgenus Phyllanthus , and very different from the clypeate grains of the West Indian phylloclade-bearing species in section Xylophylla . This pollen evidence clearly demonstrates homoplasy in the origin of phylloclades in Phyllanthus . Pollen morphological data suggest that the neotropical taxa of Phyllanthus have arisen following colonization from Africa (subgenus Kirganelia ) and Asia (subgenus Emblica ). © 2002 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2002, 138 , 325–338.     

Cambrocaris baltica n. gen. n. sp., a possible stem-lineage crustacean from the Upper Cambrian of Poland

Bodily preserved, secondarily phosphatized arthropods discovered in drill cores on He***l Peninsula, northern Poland, and in its vicinity date from the Upper Cambrian. Comparisons between a group of arthropods of the Upper Cambrian of Sweden recognized as stem-lineage crustaceans indicate that one of these new forms, Cambrocaris baltica n. gen. n. sp., also represents a derivative of the early phase of crustacean evolution prior to the crown-group level. The material also yielded a specimen identified as Skara minuta Müller & Walossek, 1985, hitherto known only from Västergotland, Sweden, and two limb fragments which cannot be assigned to species. □ Crustacea, stem-lineage derivatives. Phosphatization, three-dimensional preservation, Upper Cambrian, Alum shales, 'Orsten', northern Poland.     

Revision of the Malagasy species of the genus Tricalysia (Rubiaceae)

The Malagasy representatives of the large African genus Tricalysia (tribe Coffeeae s.l.) are revised. Three Malagasy species were hitherto recognized in the genus, namely T. cryptocalyx , T. madagascariensis , and T. ovalifolia . In this study, two species, T. boiviniana and T. leucocarpa , are transferred from the genus Hypobathrum and seven new species and two new subspecies are described, raising the species number for Tricalysia to a total of 12. This marked increase in species number is a recurring pattern for many Malagasy genera in systematically poorly known families such as Rubiaceae. All the species are described in detail and illustrated, and a list of exsiccatae and a distribution map are provided. Furthermore, the characters of the Malagasy taxa are compared with those of the continental African species, and their infrageneric status is discussed. With the exception of T. ovalifolia , a member of subgenus Empogona , all Malagasy species belong to subgenus Tricalysia . Because of their unisexual flowers, these species cannot be accommodated within one of the four existing sections in subgenus Tricalysia . A new section, Androgyne , is therefore recognized.  © 2007 National Botanic Garden of Belgium. Journal compilation © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2007, 155 , 83–126.     

Crustacea with preserved soft parts from the Upper Cambrian of Sweden

Six monotypic new genera of small crustaceans with phosphatised integument are described from Upper Cambrian, mainly bituminous limestone of southern Sweden. These are Dala peilertae, Bredocaris admirabilis, Walossekia quinquespinosa, Rehbachiella kinnekullensis, Skara anulata and Oelandocaris oelandica. The well-preserved details reveal a nauplius-like organisation of the head region. At least in Bredocaris, Walossekia , and Rehbachiella the head tagma has only three to four specialised pairs of appendages; Skara and Oelandocaris have five pairs of headal limbs. The antennae and the mandibulae served for locomotion and for mastication. All species have a filter apparatus with a distinct filter groove and serially constructed appendages. Four of the six forms had developed a conspicuous median compound eye. Specialisation in the development of the limbs, etc., suggests that some of the forms were benthie, while others may have been epibcnthic and active swimmers, Crustacea , Dala, Bredocaris, Walossekia, Rehbachiella, Skara, Oelandocaris, soft-part preservation, Upper Cambrian, Sweden.