12种鹅绒藤属（萝藦科）植物花粉器形态学研究

用光学显微镜对萝藦科（Asclepiadaceae）鹅绒藤属（Cynanchum）12种植物花粉器形态进行了观察。结果表明：花粉块的形态有3种类型：球形、长球形和超长球形。着粉腺的形态有6种类型：长圆形、方形、近方形、三角形、正三角形和近三角形。花粉器形态学结果对青羊参（Cynanchum otophyllum）在鹅绒藤属中的分类具有较大意义;支持《中国植物志》第63卷中对催吐白前组（Sect. Vincetoxicum）的分组处理;结合鹅绒藤属花粉块下垂,娃儿藤属（Tylophora）花粉块平展的特点,支持将娃儿藤属作为一个独特类群的观点。     

17种1亚种鹅绒藤属植物花粉器形态学研究

利用光学显微镜对萝藦科鹅绒藤属17种1亚种植物花粉器的形态特征进行观察。结果表明:(1)该属植物花粉器形状大小在各个种间差异较大:花粉块下垂,通常呈球形、长球形和超长球形,平均大小为327.2μm×183.9μm;着粉腺呈长圆形、近圆形、近方形和近三角形,平均大小为406.1μm×231.4μm。(2)翅果杯冠藤的花粉块柄最不发达,豹药藤的花粉块柄最发达。(3)白薇与朱砂藤、刺瓜与轮叶白前的花粉器特征均较相近。研究结果支持《中国植物志(第63卷)》中对催吐白前组(Sect.Vincetoxicum)的分组处理;支持将娃儿藤属(Tylophora)作为一个独特类群的观点;因国内翅果杯冠藤和美翼杯冠藤的花粉器形态存在差别,故不支持Flora of China(Vol.16)中认为翅果杯冠藤是美翼杯冠藤的错误鉴定与处理。     

中国鹅绒藤属(萝藦科)植物研究进展

从分类历史、地理分布、实验生物学研究等方面综述了中国鹅绒藤属(萝藦科)植物的研究进展,并就该属植物分类、实验生物学、种质资源保护与开发利用等未来研究方向和重点提出了建议。     

牛奶菜族7属11种植物的花粉器形态

在光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜下观察了萝藦科（Asclepiadaceae R.Br.）牛奶菜族（MarsdenieaeBenth.）7属11种植物花粉器的形态特征。该族植物花粉块直立或平展,通常呈椭圆形、长圆形、肾形或球形;花粉块膜表面平滑、波浪状、脊状或粒状;娃儿藤属（TylophoraR.Br.）的花粉块膜具独特的表面纹饰,与其它属植物差异较大;匙羹藤属和娃儿藤属的花粉块柄不发达,眼树莲属（Dischidia）和纤冠藤属（Gongronema）的花粉块柄发达。     

鹅绒藤属（萝藦科）一新变种——折叶白前

报道并描述了滇川金沙江上游干旱河谷萝藦科一新变种——折叶白前(Cynanchum forrestii Schltr.var.conduplicatumJ.Wang&F.Du)。新变种与原变种的区别在于:叶常对折,卵状披针形,先端渐尖,花冠和副花冠紫红色,每花萼的萼片之间有2个较大的及2(～4)个较小的腺体,花粉块近球形。     

广义飞蛾藤属(旋花科)花粉形态

对广义飞蛾藤属Porana s.l.18个分类群的花粉进行了光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察。除前人报道过的7种1变种外,其余均为首次报道。根据花粉粒的大小、形状、外壁纹饰、沟膜特征,该属花粉可细分为4个类型。研究结果不支持Staples(1993)把该属分为4个独立属的观点,而认为在属内划分为4个亚属较为合理。除毛果飞蛾藤外,花粉形态支持Staples对其它种、变种的归并。从花粉萌发孔类型上看,广义飞蛾藤属在旋花科内应处于较为原始的位置。     

国产省藤属植物的花粉形态学

对国产棕榈科省藤属(Calamius L.)15种植物的花粉进行了光学和扫描电镜观察,其中12种为首次报道。省藤属的花粉均为两沟型花粉,外壁覆盖层多为网状纹饰(大喙省藤C．macrorrhynchus)或具穿孔(华南省藤C.rhabdocladus)。首次发现省藤属花粉的外壁纹饰存在穿孔和外壁疣状突起的类型(阔叶鸡藤C.pulchellus)以及皱波状突起的类型(长鞭省藤C.flagellum)。花粉的大小、形状、外壁纹饰、外壁是否有突起,外壁厚度和网状纹饰网眼的大小,对于省藤属的种级分类有较大的意义。     

中国特有属藤山柳属 (猕猴桃科) 的花粉形态及其分类学意义

摘要：藤山柳属Clematoclethra为中国特有属,属内物种划分争议颇大。利用扫描电镜观察了该属14个居群的花粉形态,结果表明藤山柳属的花粉为小粒花粉,多为圆球形,具三拟孔沟,根据外壁纹饰可分为皱波状花粉、颗粒状花粉和细疣状花粉3种类型。花粉类型与植株毛被特征有一定相关性,对澄清藤山柳属的分类问题具有一定意义。     

东北杜鹃花科4属植物花粉形态的研究

利用光学显微镜和扫描的电子显微镜的对东北杜鹃花科甸属（Ｃｈａｍａｅｄａｐｈｎｅ Ｍｏｅｎｃｈ．）、杜香属（Ｌｅｄｕｍ Ｌｉｎｎ．）、松毛翠属（Ｐｈｙｌｌｏｄｏｃｅ Ｓａｌｉｓｂ．）、越橘属（Ｖａｃｃｉｎｉｕｍ Ｌｉｎｎ．）４属６种,１变种的花粉形态进行了观察和比较研究。以上４属花粉粒均为四合花粉。四合花粉呈正四面体排列。花粉粒近球形。每粒花粉均具３沟,在四合花粉粒上,相邻花粉粒上的沟相接,有些种可     

中国蓼科篇蓄属植物花粉形态及其分类意义

利用扫描电镜研究了中国蔚蓄属（Polygonum）13种、1变种、1变型植物的花粉形态。结果表明,中国蔚蓄属植物的花粉粒为长球形或超长球形,具三孔沟,外壁纹饰可分为4种类型：（1）花粉粒表面具细网状纹饰;（2）花粉粒表面具颗粒纹饰;（3）花粉粒表面仅两端具颗粒纹饰,其余部分光滑;（4）花粉粒表面仅沟间区两端肩部光滑,其余部分具颗粒纹饰。根据花粉形态类型,结合该属植物的习性、叶柄基部及花柄上关节的有无、花柱和柱头的数目以及瘦果形态等特征,参照前人的研究处理意见,将中国蔚蓄属植物划分为4个组,即小灌木组section Fruticulosae（Boiss．）F．Z．Liet Y．T．Hou,stat．＆comb．nov．篇蓄组section Polygonum、丝茎蔚蓄组section Pseudomollia Boiss．和铁马鞭组section Plebeia Tzvel．。     

Oviposition-stimulatory activity of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids of host-plant origin to a danaid butterfly, Ideopsis similis

Oviposition response of Ideopsis similis (L.) (Lepidoptera: Danaidae) was examined for 12 phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids present in its host plant, Tylophora tanakae (Maxim.) (Asclepiadaceae). At least five alkaloids, i.e. (+)‐isotylocrebrine (3,4,6,7‐tetramethoxyphenanthroindolizidine; l ), (+)‐3‐demethyliso‐ tylocrebrine ( 3 ), (+)‐isotylocrebrine N‐oxide ( 5 ), (+)‐6‐demethyltylocrebrine ( 8 ) and (–)‐7‐demethyltylophorine ( 10 ), were found to individually stimulate oviposition by females. Of these, compounds 1, 3 and 10 were regarded as key components most responsible for host recognition or preference. However, female egg‐laying was much higher in response to a mixture of the five alkaloids. In two‐choice bioassays, more eggs were deposited on samples comprising the five alkaloids than on samples consisting of a single alkaloid. This suggests strongly that host selection by the butterfly is mediated by the synergistic action of several phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids present in the host plant.     

An efficient micropropagation system for Tylophora indica: an endangered, medicinally important plant

An efficient protocol is described for the rapid in vitro multiplication of an endangered medicinal plant, Tylophora indica (Burm. f.) Merrill, via enhanced axillary bud proliferation from nodal explants collected from young shoots of a two-year-old plant. The physiological effects of growth regulators [6-benzyladenine (BA), kinetin (Kin) thidiazuron (TDZ), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)], ascorbic acid (AA), different strengths of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium and various pH levels on in vitro morphogenesis were investigated. The highest number (8.6 ± 0.71) of shoots and the maximum average shoot length (5.2 ± 0.31 cm) were recorded on MS medium supplemented with 2.5 μM BA, 0.5 μM NAA and 100 mg/l AA at pH 5.8. Rooting was best achieved on half-strength MS medium augmented with 0.5 μM IBA. The plantlets regenerated in vitro with well-developed shoot and roots were successfully established in pots containing garden soil and grown in a greenhouse with a 90% survival rate. The regenerated plants did not show any immediate detectable phenotypic variation. The described method can be successfully employed for large-scale multiplication and long-term in vitro conservation of T. indica.     

A new species of Periploca (Periplocaceae) from Bangladesh

RAHMAN, M. A. & WILCOCK, C. C, 1992. A new species of Periploca (Periplocaceae) from Bangladesh. A new species of Periploca is described from Bangladesh. This is the only representative of the genus occurring in the flora of Bangladesh. It resembles P. graeca but may be distinguished by having shorter peduncles, glabrous calyx lobes, hairy coronal scales, broader and horizontally spreading follicles.     

A new species of Stomatostemma (Periplocaceae) from Mozambique, Africa

VENTER, H.J. T. & FIELD, D. V., 1989. A new species of Stomatostemma (Periplocaceae) from Mozambique, Africa. A new species of Stomatostemma is described from Mozambique. 11 is [he second species distinguished in the genus Stomatostemma N.E. Br., the other being S. monteiroae (Oliv.) N.E. Br., which was also described from Mozambique. The new species is distinguished from.V. monteiroae by being a virgate shrub, by the pendulous terminal branches and inflorescences, by the long and frail peduncles and pedicels and by the long clavate corona lobes.     

Maclaudia felixii, a new genus and species in the Periplocaceae from Guinea, West Africa

Maclaudiafelixii, a new genus and species from Guinea, West Africa is described. Maclaudia resembles the genera Stomatostemma N.E. Br., Mangenotia Pichon and Ectadium E. Meyer in the structure of the flower. This new taxon is distinguished by the campanulate corolla tube, corniculate corona lobes arising from the corolla mouth, interstaminate lobular discs, and stamens arising from the base of the corolla tube.     

Effect ofCalotropis latex on laticifers differentiation in callus cultures ofCalotropis procera

Laticifers differentiation in callus cultures of Calotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae) as affected by own latex and its fractions incorporated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium is described. Callus cultures have been maintained on MS medium with 2.3 ΜM 6-furfurylaminopurine (FAP) and 3.0 ΜM 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA). Marked increase in laticifers differentiation (from 10.1 to 28.4 %) was observed on this medium supplemented with 1 % (v/v) of latex. Latex fractions containing proteins + complex polysaccharides or inorganic salts also increased laticifers differentiation (by 21.8 % and 24.1 %, respectively). Other fractions (free amino acid + saccharides, phenols and terpenes + sterols) had no marked effect on laticifers differentiation while alkaloid fraction inhibited it. Effect of latex on laticifers differentiation was much more profound than the reported optimal concentration of plant growth regulators (4.6 ΜM FAP + 1 ΜM IAA). This research was supported by grant-in-aid for research from the University Grants Commission (No. F3-65/91SR II), New Delhi, to Dr. KG. Ramawat.     

中英文版?中国植物志(萝摩科)?的比较

将中文版的《中国植物志．第６３卷（萝摩科）》（１９７７）与英文版的《中国植物志．第１６卷（萝摩科）》（１９９５）进行对照比较,报道了两专著中植物分类群学名和分类位置的变动以及收载种类的增减等情况,以资正确鉴定应用。