青海省异极藻属和桥弯藻属(硅藻门)的新变种

本文对来自青海省异极藻属和桥弯藻属(硅藻门)的三个新变种进行描述,它们是:橄榄异极藻短纹变种(Gomphonema olivaceum (Lyngbye) Kuetzing var. brevistriatum Li Y. L. et Shi, var. nov.);十字异极藻矩形变种(Gomphonema staurophorum (Pant.) Cleve-Euler var oblongum Li Y. L. et Shi, var. nov)和亚贝桥弯藻具点变种(Cymbella yabe Skvortzow var. punctata Li Y. L. et Shi, var. nov).       

中国栅藻属新分类群与新记录

本文报道在安徽发现的栅藻属Scenedesmus的4个新种,2个新变种及4个中国新记录。 4个新种是安徽栅藻S．anhuiensis, 黄山栅藻S．huangshanensis四翼栅藻S. qua-drialatus和芜湖栅藻S．wuhuensis, 2个新变种是角柱栅藻具刺变种S．prismaticus var．spinosus和史密斯栅藻微刺变种S. smithii var．spinulosus;四个中国新记录是具齿栅藻南方变种S. denticulatus var．australis Playfair,角柱栅藻S. prismaticus Bruhl et Biswas,四棘栅藻具齿变种S·quadricauda var．dentatus Deduss和史密斯栅藻S. smithii Teiling。     

中越边境北仑河口地区缝舟藻(Rhaphoneis)新变种记录

通过对中越边境北仑河口地区我国一侧表层和钻孔沉积硅藻的鉴定和研究,在该地区首次发现了卡氏缝舟藻(Rhaphoneis castracanei)的4个新变种和双角缝舟藻四角形变种(Rhaphoneis amphiceros var.tetragona)的1个新变形,为沿岸和潮间带古环境研究如海平面变化和河口地区盐度的变化等提供新的基础材料。     

中国黑龙江省产新裸藻

本文论述了采自黑龙江省哈尔滨市和尚志县帽儿山附近污水沟和水塘内的裸藻,发现 8个新种、2新变种。新种为哈尔滨裸藻Euglena harbinica sp.nov,帽儿山裸藻E.maorshanica sp.nov,美丽裸藻E.pulchera sp.nov,匍匐裸藻E.repens sp.nov,点纹裸藻E.punctulata sp.nov,变形裸藻E.amoeboides sp.nov,龙江裸藻E.lonjianica sp.nov,梨形裸藻E.pyriformis sp.nov.;2新变种均为三棱裸藻E.tripteris(Duj.)Klebs的变种,即复合三棱裸藻var.complexa var.nov.和单粒三棱裸藻vnr.simplexa var.nov.。     

新疆菱形藻属和细齿藻属(硅藻门)中国新记录植物

2001年7月至8月、2007年7月分别两次在新疆各地采集硅藻标本,经显微观察,共鉴定出菱形藻属和细齿藻属(硅藻门)中国新记录植物11种1变种,其中菱形藻属9种:额雷菱形藻(Nitzschia eglei Lange-Bertalot)、弯曲菱形藻(N.flexa Schumann)、多样菱形藻(N.diversa Hustedt)、化石菱形藻[N.fossilis (Grunow) Grunow]、吉斯纳菱形藻(N.gessneri Hustedt)、平庸菱形藻(N.inconspicua Grunow)、辐射菱形藻(N.radicula Hustedt)、常见菱形藻(N.solita Hustedt)和粗肋菱形藻(N.valdecostata Lange-Bertalot & Simonsen);细齿藻属2种1变种:科瑞提细齿藻[Denticula creticola (strup) Lange-Bertalot & Krammer]、库津细齿藻汝牧变种(D.kuetzingii var.rumrichae Krammer)和强壮细齿藻[D.valida (Pedicino) Grunow].并对其12种新记录植物的分类学特征进行了详细的描述.     

湖北省裸藻门植物的新种类

湖北省地处长江中游,气候温暖,雨量充沛,湖沼众多,沟塘密布,适宜裸藻类植物繁殖生长。作者自1974年起即从事本省裸藻类植物的标本采集和研究,已经鉴定的有200多种。在本文中,仅对其中的15个新种、3个新变种和1个新变型作一报道。在这些新发现的种类中,计有裸藻属(Euglena)3种,鳞孔藻属(Lepocinclis)2变种,扁裸藻属(Phacus)1种及1变型,囊裸藻属(Trachelomonas)1种及1变种,陀螺藻属(Strombomonas)1种,卡克藻属(Khawkinea)2种,变胞藻属(Astasia)2种,辦胞藻属(Petalomonas)1种,异丝藻属(Heteronema)3种和袋鞭藻属(Peranema)1种。这些种类的模式标本均保存在中国科学院水生生物研究所藻类标本室。       

四川甘孜曲丝藻科硅藻中国新记录

在四川省甘孜藏族自治州进行硅藻多样性调查时,发现了单壳缝目硅藻中国新记录8种1变种(隶属于4属),分别为:原子曲丝藻Achnanthidium atomus Monnier,Lange-Bertalot&Ector、施特劳宾曲丝藻A.straubianum (Lange-Bertalot) Lange-Bertalot、亚显曲丝藻A. pseudoconspicuum (Foged) Jüttner&Cox、半孔曲丝藻A. semiapertum (Guermeur) Andresen,Stoermer&Kreis、阿雷塔斯真卵形藻Eucocconeis aretassii(Manguin) Lange-Bertalot、披针平面藻微小变种Planothidium lanceolatum var. minor Cleve、厄氏平面藻P.oestrupii (Cleve-Euler) Edlund、球囊沙生藻Psammothidium sacculus (Carter) Bukhtiyarova和双生沙生藻P.didymum (Hustedt) Bukhtiyarova&Round。利用光学显微镜(LM)及扫描电镜(SEM)对8种1变种进行观察,并对其形态特征和生境进行了详细描述。     

大兴安岭达尔滨湖桥弯藻科（硅藻门）中国新记录植物

报道了采自大兴安岭达尔滨湖及其周围沼泽水体的硅藻门桥弯藻科中国新记录植物9种1变种,分别为新箱形桥弯藻新月变种Cymbella neocistulavar.lunataKrammer、近箱形桥弯藻Cymbella subcistulaKrammer、疏纹内丝藻Encyonema paucistriatum(Cleve-Euler)Mann、普通内丝藻Encyonema vulgareKrammer、尖锐弯肋藻Cymbopleuraacuta(Schmidt)Krammer、英吉利弯肋藻Cymbopleura anglica(Lagerstedt)Krammer、线形弯肋藻Cymbopleura linearis(Foged)Krammer、十字形弯肋藻Cymbopleura stauroneiformis(Lagerstedt)Krammer、泰尼弯肋藻Cymbopleura tynnii(Krammer)Krammer、两尖拟内丝藻Encyonopsis amphioxys(K櫣tzing)Liu et Shi。其中两尖拟内丝藻Encyonopsis am-phioxys(K櫣tzing)Liu et Shi为新组合。对这些种类进行了光镜观察,部分种类进行了扫描电镜观察,对其分类学特征进行了详细的描述,并记录了它们的生境特征。     

青草沙水库直链藻种群特征及其对环境因子的响应

2013年对青草沙浮游植物进行了采样调查,重点分析直链藻的种群生态学特征及其与理化、生物因子的关系。共鉴定出直链藻4种,分别是颗粒直链藻(Aulacoseira granulate)、颗粒直链藻极狭变种(var.angustissima)、颗粒直链藻极狭变种螺旋变型(var.angustissima f.spiralis)和模糊直链藻(Aulacoseira ambigua)。直链藻生物密度的年均值为(158.804±215.996)×10~4 cell/L,占总藻类生物密度的21.65%:其中颗粒直链藻原变种及其极狭变种在本年占据明显的优势地位。直链藻总密度的3个峰值分别出现在3月、5月、8月,较为稳定的水体和适宜的水温是其生长繁殖的重要条件。冗余分析(RDA)、Pearson相关性分析、线性拟合方法显示水温、浊度、总氮、总磷以及某些藻类、轮虫、枝角类和桡足类是影响直链藻种群特征的主要因子。     

湖南轮藻新植物

本文报道了产自湖南省的轮藻1新种、4新变种、 5个亚洲新记录和8个中国新 记录：四盾轮藻Chara quadriscutula sp．nov., 布氏轮藻柱孢变种 C．braunii Gmelin var． cylindrospora,var．nov., 松形轮藻湖南变种 C．hydropitys var．hunanensis,var．nov., 腋球丽 藻二型变种 Nitella axilliformis Imahori var．biformis var． nov．, 小果丽藻单果变种N． microcarpa Braun var．unicarpa,var．nov．以及小果丽藻N．microcarpa Braun,细枝丽藻 N． leptoclada Braun,安氏丽藻N．annandalei Pal,疏丝丽藻N.confervacea A Braun, 细形丽 藻N．gracilliformis J. Groves,倒置丽藻N．inversa Imahori,武藏丽藻N.musashiensis Mo- rioka,稀脊丽藻N．paucicostata T. F. Allen,尖头丽藻戈尔梅变种 N． acuminata var． gollmeriana(A．Br．)Zanev．＆ R．D. Wood,博尔德鸟巢藻Tolypella boldii Sawa,长枝轮 藻Chara longifolia Robinson,匹斯汀轮藻C．pistianensis J．Vilhelm 和格氏轮藻 C.grovesiiPal。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.