Applications de la spectrométrie de masse de type MALDI-TOF en microbiologie

In the last few years, matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) has been introduced in clinical laboratories for routine identification. Initially used for research, MALDI-TOF-MS allows rapid and accurate identification of the main microorganisms isolated from clinical samples, by intact cell mass spectrometry or directly from positive blood culture or urines. Other applications are being in processed as bacterial typing, research and detection of antibiotic resistance or particularly virulent strains.     

L'emploi de la formule d'arrhénius en biologie,est-il justifié?

Sans résumé     

Termes descriptifs et modification de l'écriture de la formule dentaire des scolécodontes

Scolecodonts, isolated pieces of jaw apparatuses of Annelida Polychaetia Errantida are rares after the Primary Era because a chemical modification which inferring is a bad preservation of the group. The meso-cenozoic pieces are different from the paleozoic ones. So, terminology and writing of the dental formula are inappropriate for secondary and tertiary teeth. This paper reminds, states precisely and proposes a terminology for paleozoic annelid teeth as well as modern forms. The dental formula coined by Taugourdeau is modified in the sense of a simplification. An english version of terms is given.     

Variabilité des SUV et SUL hépatiques dans le suivi des lymphomes avides de FDG en cours de chimiothérapie

Purpose

The aim of our study was to assess the variability of 18-FDG uptake in the liver and the relationship between hepatic SUVs and SULs and several clinical and technical factors among patients with 18-FDG avid lymphoma.

Éléments pour la prise en considération des Aphides dans la lutte intégrée en vergers de pêchers

Résumé Les auteurs présentent une analyse de la dynamique des populations de pucerons réalisée dans un verger expérimental de Pêchers dont les conditions de milieu sont précisées (climat, sol, pratiques culturales). La méthode d'estimation des effectifs a permis de suivre l'évolution des populations deMyzus persicae et des autres Aphides en rapport avec l'aetivité de leurs principaux ennemis naturels. Les conditions dans lesquelles se développe le phénomène de résistance deMyzus persicae aux esters phosphoriques ont été abordées. Des seuils de tolérance provisoires sont proposés pour les deux espèces les plus dangereuses:Myzus persicae etHyalopterus pruni.

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Summary The sampling method adopted for the survey of populations of the Peach tree Aphids, consists in estimating, for each Aphid species, the total number of aphids per tree and in classifying the degree of infestation according to the power of five (degree 0=no aphids; degree 1∶1 to 5 aphids; degree 2∶6 to 25 aphids etc.). Each sample has been taken from 50 trees. By this method it was possible to estimate the highest degrees of infestation tolerated by the trees without apparent damage. The following economic thresholds are provisionally considered: degree 5 in May forMyzus persicae, degree 4 at the beginning of June forHyalopterus pruni. Experiments on artificial contamination of peach trees byMyzus persicae indicate that resistance of this species to organophosphates appears and is maintained on peach trees without any immigration of winged individuals of anholocyclic clones from secondary host plants. The biology and trends in populations on Peach trees of the following species:Hyalopterus pruni Geoff.,Brachycandus prunicola Kltb.,B. amygdalinus Schout.,B. persicae Pass.,Myzus varians Davids are discussed. The current research on Aphids is reconsidered within the larger framework of integrated control in Peach orchards.

     

La place des principes d'expérimentation en pisciculture

Summary The author tries to determine the best area and the best experimental design in fish farming. He suggests 0,05 acre ponds to study fish production and 0,12 acre ponds to experiment reproduction and raising of young fish.If some groups controlling especially the effects of ponds areas, the after effects of treatments and the quality of waters, improve the precision of experiments, the best technic finally consists in the use of covariance analysis.In fish production, the determination of the flow and in fish breeding the mensuration of the total length of the females are equivalent to 15 and 32 repetitions of the experiment respectively.

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Résumé L'auteur recherche la superficie et le plan d'expérimentation optimum en pisciculture. Il préconise des étangs de 2 ares pour les études de production et de 5 ares pour les essais de reproduction et alevinage. Si certains groupements contrôlant notamment les superficies des étangs, les arriéres effets de traitements antérieurs, les qualités d'eaux d'alimentation, améliorent la précision de l'essai, l'action la plus efficace revient à l'analyse de la covariance.En pisciculture de production, la détermination des débits et en pisciculture de reproduction alevinage, la mensuration de longueur totale des femelles équivalent respectivement à 15 et 32 répétitions de l'essai.