中国生理学会八十周年回顾

The Chinese Association for Physiological Sciences (CAPS) celebrated her 80th anniversary last November. Eighty years ago, Dr. Robert K. S. Lim, Professor of Physiology at the Peking Union Medical College, in association with Dr. Wu Xian (Professor of Biochemistry) and Dr. B. E. Read (Professor of Pharmacology), sponsored the establishment of the Chinese Physiological Society.     

Eighty years of Chinese Association for Physiological Sciences in retrospect

The Chinese Association for Physiological Sciences （CAPS） celebrated her 80th anniversary last November. Eighty years ago, Dr. Robert K. S. Lim, Professor of Physiology at the Peking Union Medical College, in association with Dr. Wu Xian （Professor of Biochemistry） and Dr. B. E. Read （Professor of Pharmacology）, sponsored the establishment of the Chinese Physiological Society. They held the inaugural meeting in Beijing on February 27, 1926. This event was an important landmark in the history of the development of physiological sciences in China.     

Profile of Dr. Hualan Chen

正Dr. Hualan Chen is a virologist whose research focuses on understanding influenza virus and developing vaccines against this virus. She studied veterinary medicine as her undergraduate and graduate majors in Gansu Agricultural University, receiving her Bachelor degree and Master degree in 1991 and 1994, respectively. In 1997, she received her Ph.D. from the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS). After three years of postdoctoral research at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States, she was offered a professorship in 2002 at the Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of CAAS and was appointed as the Director of the     

A change of leadership at JIPB: A message to theplant sciences community

<正>On January 1, 2019, a well-planned changeover took place in the management of JIPB. On this date, Professor Zhizhong Gong at the China Agricultural University, and Professor Kang Chong at the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, assumed their roles as Co-Editorsin-Chief. Professor Wei-Hua Wu joined the JIPB board as Chief Scientific Advisor at the same date.     

烟台大学

Yantai University （YTU） is a key comprehensive university in Shandong Province, located in Laishan District in the eastern suburbs of Yantai. The 210 hectare campus is situated in a diverse topographical area of mountains, sea coast, and farmlands. The area enjoys a very moderate,temperate climate with four distinct seasons. Dr. Cui Mingde, the Chairman of the Yantai University Council （CUC）, is a well-known scholar of Chinese History. The president of Yantai University, Dr. Fang Shaokun, is a renowned scholar of Chinese Civil and Commercial Law.     

Profile of Dr. Shaojun Liu

正Dr. Shao-Jun Liu is an expert in fish genetic breeding, who was born in 1962 in Changsha, Hunan province, China. He received his B.S. in biology in 1986 and his M.S. in zoology in 1989 at Hunan Normal University. He obtained his Ph.D.in zoology in 2000 at Sun Yat-sen University. From 1998 to1999, he was supported by the China Scholarship Council to research fish molecular biology in France. In 2019, he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and currently, he is a Professor at Hunan Normal University and the Director of the State Key Laboratory of the Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish.     

Profile of Dr.Xu Zhang

正Dr.Xu Zhang was conferred the Bachelor's degree of Medicine from Fourth Military Medical University in 1985.From 1990 to 1994,he carried out his Ph.D.study at the Department of Neuroscience,Karolinska Institute in Sweden.Then,he was appointed as lecturer,associate professor and professor successively at the Institute of Neuroscience,Fourth Military Medical University.In 1999,he was recruited as a principal investigator by the Institute of Neuroscience,Chinese Academy of Science.He received the outstanding young investigator award of National Natural Science Foundation of China in 1995.He was elected as Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2015.     

DISCOVERY OF THE "PEKING MAN" AND INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COOPERATION

On October 16, 1927 Dr. Birger Bohlin, a Swedish paleontologist, recovered at Zhoukoudian in Fangshan County a hominid lower molar tooth, the first tooth of the Peking Man to have been identified on spot in the field. The late Prof. Davidson Black, a Canadian anatomist and anthropologist, made a detailed study of the tooth, together with two teeth excavated previously from the same site by the Austrian paleontologist, Otto Zdansky during the field season of 1921 and 1923. The result of the study was published in the same year of 1927, as a fascicle in volume Ⅶ of the monographic series Palaeontologica Sinica. It was in this article that the first Chinese Ape-Man was christianized as "Sinanthropus pekinensis", coauthored by Black and Zdansky,with Bohlin's lower molar as its type specimen.     

Establishment of AIDS Animal Model with SIVmac239 Infected Chinese Rhesus Monkey

In the present research,two Chinese rhesus monkeys were inoculated intravenously with 5000 TCID50 of SIVmac239. The changes in the numbers of CD4 T lymphocyte in peripheral blood,plasma viral loads,proviral DNA and humoral antibodies against virus were periodically monitored during 121 days. At the early stage of infection,proviral DNA had been detected in PBMCs,and infectious SIVmac239 virus had been isolated from PBMCs. At the same period,the numbers of CD4 T lymphocytes were significantly decreased,and maintained at low level during the 121-day period of infection. Plasma viral loads reached the peak at week 2 post-inoculation and kept at a steady state subsequently. Moreover,antibodies against viral proteins were detected from plasma. All the results showed that the two Chinese rhesus monkeys had been infected with SIVmac239 successfully. This animal model can be applied for further AIDS researches.     

前言 纪念周明镇院士诞辰100周年（英文）

正Prof.Dr.Zhou Mingzhen(1918-1996),also known as Minchen Chow,was the founder of mammalian paleontology in China and a worldwide well-known Chinese vertebrate paleontologist.He assisted Yang Zhongjian(C.C.Young),founder of vertebrate paleontology in China,in formulating the development of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology(IVPP),Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),and succeeded to the Director of the IVPP after     

Profile of Dr. Qirong Shen

<正>Dr. Qirong Shen received his B.S. degree in Soil Science from the Nanjing Agricultural University in January 1982.He received his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Plant Nutrition from the same university in December 1984 and December1987, respectively. From June 1994 to June 1995, Dr. Shen served as a visiting scholar at Wye College in London, UK.Dr. Shen is currently a full professor at the Nanjing Agricultural University and has been conducting research in the field of soil microbiology and ...     

Profile of Qi Zhou

正Dr.Qi Zhou received his Ph.D.degree in Histology and Embryology from Northeast Agricultural University,China,in 1996.He then joined the Institute of Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),as a postdoctoral fellow,and was qualified as associate professor two years later.In 1999,he joined Prof.Jean-Paul Renard’s group at the Developmental Biology and Reproduction Unit of the French National Institute for Agricultural Research(INRA)as a postdoctoral fellow.He soon led several researchers working on an animal cloning project,and,among     

Profile of Dr. Zhigang Tian

正Dr. Zhigang Tian’s laboratory is credited with seminal discoveries regarding basic knowledge and clinical study of natural killer (NK) cells, particularly liver-resident NK cells,cytokine-producing NK cell subsets, and NK cell-based immunotherapy. Dr. Tian has made outstanding contributions in the field of NK cell research, and was elected as a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering in 2017.     

Ray Wu’s Golden Rules: How he achieved greatness in work, and in life

Overview When Ray Wu passed away on February 10, 2008, he was 79, working full-time in his lab at Cornell University, and was at or near the top of his long and noteworthy career. He had developed the first method for DNA sequencing and pioneered recombinant DNA technology. He had identified key genes related to stress tolerance in plants and was poised to apply these to boost crop yields of rice and other     

Profile of Dr. Xiao-Fan Wang

正Dr.Xiao-Fan Wang entered Wuhan University in 1978 to receive his college education following the reform of the education system.In 1982,shortly after admitted to the graduate school of the Institute of Genetics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),he was sent as one of the first group of Chinese students under the CUSBEA (ChinaUnited States Biochemistry Examination and Application)     

Effects of Feeding Time on the Growth Performance and Variation of RNA/DNA Ratio of the Chinese Soft-shelled Turtle,Pelodiscus sinensis

The present study was to investigate the effects of feeding time on growth of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle. The experiment was carried out with a photoperiod of 12L(light):12D(dark) with lights on at 06:00 and off at 18:00. Turtles were maintained at a temperature of 32 ± 0.2 °C in tanks throughout the length of the experiment. The turtles in group 1 to group 6 were fed respectively at 00:00, 04:00, 08:00, 12:00, 16:00 and 20:00 with 60 turtles each(Initial body weight 88.27 ± 0.09 g). Acrophases of postprandial RNA/DNA ratio in liver in each group was shown between 5h and 7h after feeding. A positive linear correlation could be seen between specific growth rate(SGR) and RNA/DNA:SGR=1.1586RNA/DNA–0.7097(r = 0.9328, P = 0.0066). The results indicated that the values at the acrophases of about 6h after feeding might be used as an instantaneous growth index in the Chinese soft-shelled turtle. The turtles in group 1 grew better than group 3, group 4, group 5, group 6, because they ate more, but they ate more and grew slower than group 2, whose feed conversion rate was also higher. Meanwhile, the SGR and feeding rate of turtles fed at 12:00 were the lowest from the six groups(P 0.05). Turtles fed in group 1, group 2 and group 6 developed more heavy final body weight(FBW), higher feeding rate and SGR than the other three groups. This probably suggested that turtles fed in scotophase grew better than that fed at photophase in total.     

Profile of Yi-Han Chen

正Dr.Yi-Han Chen is an excellent cardiologist and a medical scientist.Through more than two decades of clinical and biomedical research work,he has made remarkable achievements in regards to treatment and pathogenesis of cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure,and was elected as a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2015 because of his outstanding contributions.     

Differential activation of intra-S-phase checkpoint in response to tripchlorolide and its effects on DNA replication

DNA replication is tightly regulated during the S phase of the cell cycle, and the activation of the intra-S-phase checkpoint due to DNA damage usually results in arrest of DNA synthesis. However, the molecular details about the correlation between the checkpoint and regulation of DNA replication are still unclear. To investigate the connections between DNA replication and DNA damage checkpoint, a DNA-damage reagent, tripchlorolide, was applied to CHO (Chinese ovary hamster) cells at early- or middle-stages of the S phase. The early-S-phase treatment with TC signifi-cantly delayed the progression of the S phase and caused the phosphorylation of the Chk 1 checkpoint protein, whereas the middle-S-phase treatment only slightly slowed down the progression of the S phase. Furthermore, the analysis of DNA replication patterns revealed that replication pattern II was greatly prolonged in the cells treated with the drug during the early-S phase, whereas the late-replication patterns of these cells were hardly detected, suggesting that the activation of the intra-S-phase checkpoint inhibits the late-origin firing of DNA replication. We conclude that cells at different stages of the S phase are differentially sensitive to the DNA-damage reagent, and the activation of the intra-S-phase checkpoint blocks the DNA replication progression in the late stage of S phase.     

FUSULINIDS FROM THE TYPE-LOCALITY OF THE CHANGHSING LIMESTONE

The present brief communication is published in order to demonstrate a small fusulinid faunafound from the Changhsing limestone at the type-locality in the Changhsing coal fields, some 25km northwest of the Changhsing city, northeastern Chekiang Province by W. S. Wu, H. L. Liang,L. H. Lu and the writers in a field trip to Changhsing in the spring of 1956. Although thelimestone and its fauna of this region have been the subject of some studies, the fusulinids have notyet been described.     

Mitochondrial tRNA^Glu A14693G variant may modulate the phenotypic manifestation of deafness-associated 12S rRNA A1555G mutation in a Han Chinese family

Mutations in mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene are one of the most important causes of aminoglycoside-induced and nonsyndromic hearing loss. Here we report the characterization of one Han Chinese pedigree with aminoglycoside-induced and nonsyndromic hearing loss. This Chinese family carrying the 12S rRNA A1555G mutation exhibited high penetrance and expressivity of heating impairment. In particular, penetrances of hearing loss in this family pedigree were 43.8% and 25%, respectively, when aminoglycoside-induced heating loss was included or excluded. Mutational analysis of entire mitochondrial genomes in this family showed the homoplasmic A1555G mutation and a set of variants belonging to haplogroup Y2. Of these, the A14693G variant occurred at the extremely conserved nucleotide （conventional position 54） of the TψC-loop of tRNA^Clu and was absent in 156 Chinese controls. Nucleotides at position 54 of tRNAs are often modified, thereby contributing to the structural formation and stabilization of functional tRNAs. Thus, the structural alteration of tRNA by the A14693G variant may lead to a failure in tRNA metabolism and impair mitochondrial protein synthesis, thereby worsening mitochondrial dysfunctions altered by the A1555G mutation. Therefore, the tRNA^Glu A14693G variant may have a potential modifier role in increasing the penetrance and expressivity of the deafness-associated A1555G mutation in this Chinese pedigree.