胃癌组织中p53、p21WAF1蛋白的表达及与幽门螺杆菌L型感染的关系研究

目的:研究胃癌组织中磷蛋白53(P53)、磷蛋白21野生型p53活化片段(p21WAF1)蛋白的表达及与幽门螺杆菌L型(Hp-L)感染的关系。方法:选择我院2013年1月至2017年1月病理确诊为胃癌的标本220例为胃癌组,另外选取胃癌组织旁的健康组织为对照组。Hp-L采用快速尿素酶测试法、Giemsa染色法检测,P53、p21WAF1阳性表达采用HE法及免疫组化法测定,并采用Spearman等级检验分析其相关性。结果:胃癌组p53阳性表达率显著高于对照组(P0.05);p21WAF1阳性表达率显著低于对照组(P0.05),胃癌组织中p53和p21WAF1表达呈负相关(P0.05)。胃癌组Hp-L阳性感染率显著高于对照组(P0.05);胃癌组Hp-L阳性组p53阳性表达率显著高于于阴性组(P0.05);p21WAF1阳性表达率显著低于阴性组(P0.05),胃癌组织中p53与Hp-L阳性表达呈正相关(P0.05),p21WAF1与Hp-L阳性表达呈负相关(P0.05),p53阳性表达仅与浸润程度有关(P0.05),P21WAF1表达与病理分级、浸润程度、UICC分期有关(P0.05)。结论:Hp-L是胃癌发生的主要诱因,癌症发展过程中,Hp-L型感染可上调p53表达、抑制p21WAF1表达,且p53、p21WAF1的表达变化与细胞浸润程度有密切联系,对胃癌的临床治疗具有重要作用。     

p21WAF1在丁酸钠诱导的人成纤维细胞凋亡中的表现

用丁酸钠 (NaBu)诱导了人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞凋亡 (2BS) ,检测其诱导过程中凋亡相关基因的表达变化 ,结果表明 ,p2 1WAF1的表达在凋亡发生前即有明显下降 ,并持续至凋亡发生时 ,bcl 2的表达仅在凋亡发生时有所下降 ,c myc和c fos的表达有所上升 ,而 p5 3和HER 2的表达无明显变化 .用稳定转染了不同长度p2 1WAF1启动子片段和下游绿色荧光蛋白 (GFP)报告基因的 2BS WP系列细胞进一步研究发现 ,其GFP的表达水平在NaBu诱导过程中下降 ,主要调控区域为 p2 1WAF1启动子的TATAbox上游 0～ - 80 0bp .说明NaBu诱导的人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞凋亡与p2 1WAF1启动子的转录活性下降与密切相关 ,并且可能不依赖于p5 3.     

MIF、PRC2核心基因、p27在胃癌合并Hp感染患者病变组织中的表达及其临床意义

摘要 目的：探究巨噬细胞移动抑制因子（MIF）、多梳抑制复合物2（PRC2）核心基因（EZH2）、p27在胃癌合并Hp感染患者病变组织中的表达情况及其临床意义。方法：选取我院2017年6月～2019年2月期间接治的68例胃癌合并Hp感染患者作为胃癌合并Hp感染组,另选取54例单纯胃癌患者作为单纯胃癌组,比较两组癌组织与癌旁组织中MIF、EZH2、p27表达水平的差异,并对比胃癌合并Hp感染组不同临床病理特征患者MIF、EZH2、p27表达情况,采用Spearman相关性分析MIF、EZH2、p27与胃癌、胃癌合并Hp感染及临床病理特征的关联性。对胃癌合并Hp感染组随访1年,统计1年生存率,采用Kaplan-Meier曲线对胃癌合并Hp感染组不同MIF、EZH2、p27表达患者的生存情况生存分析。结果：两组癌组织中MIF、EZH2阳性表达率高于癌旁组织,p27阳性表达率低于癌旁组织,胃癌合并Hp感染组癌组织、癌旁组织中MIF、EZH2高于单纯胃癌组,p27阳性表达率低于单纯胃癌组（P＜0.05）;Spearman相关性分析,MIF、EZH2与胃癌合并Hp感染患者TNM分期、淋巴结转移呈正相关,与分化程度呈负相关,p27与胃癌合并Hp感染患者TNM分期、淋巴结转移呈负相关,与分化程度呈正相关（P＜0.05）。结论：MIF、EZH2、p27在胃癌合并Hp感染患者病变组织中呈异常表达,与TNM分期、淋巴结转移、分化程度密切相关,且MIF、p27能为临床预测生存状况提供参考依据。     

幽门螺旋杆菌感染与胃癌中Shh和C-myc表达的关系

为了探讨胃癌中幽门螺旋杆菌(Hp)感染和Sonic Hedgehog(Shh)、C-myc表达,它们之间的相关性以及胃癌发生的可能机制,采用免疫组化法检测89例胃癌组织及20例正常胃上皮组织中Shh及C-myc的表达。并采用快速尿素酶试验,组织病理学检测两种方法检查Hp。实验结果显示,胃癌组织Shh的表达要明显高于正常上皮组织,二者之间有显著差异(P<0.05);胃癌组织C-myc的表达水平也高于正常胃上皮组织,二者之间有显著差异(P<0.05);Hp阳性的C-myc阳性表达率明显高于Hp阴性,二者之间有显著差异(P<0.05);Shh表达阳性率在Hp阳性和阴性胃癌中无显著差异(P>0.05)。结果提示,胃癌的发生与癌基因Shh及C-myc的过度表达有关,Hp感染的致癌机制中可能有癌基因C-myc参与。     

人外周血淋巴细胞凋亡与年龄及p21~(WAF1)的关系

 分别从老年人和新生儿外周血中分离淋巴细胞 ,用形态观察、DNA断裂电泳图谱、流式细胞仪分析凋亡峰等手段检测其在体外培养过程中发生凋亡的情况 .结果表明 ,不论是自发凋亡还是用1 0 mmol/L的丁酸钠诱导其凋亡 ,老年人淋巴细胞的凋亡率均高于新生儿组 .进一步检测淋巴细胞凋亡时 p2 1 WAF1的表达变化 ,结果表明老年人淋巴细胞 p2 1 WAF1的下调幅度明显大于新生儿组 .提示老年人淋巴细胞凋亡率高与其 p2 1 WAF1表达容易下调有关 .     

人参皂甙Rg1对体外人胃癌细胞增殖的抑制作用及机制

本研究用不同浓度人参皂甙Rg1作用人胃癌BGC-823细胞24 h、48 h和72 h,采用MTT法、流式细胞术及半定量RT-PCR检测GS-Rg1对胃癌细胞的增殖抑制作用、细胞周期分布时相和p16~(INK4a)、p21~(WAF1)表达水平的影响,以探讨人参皂甙Rg1对人胃癌BGC-823细胞增殖的抑制作用及机制。结果表明,随着作用时间和浓度的增加,人参皂甙Rg1对胃癌细胞增殖抑制作用逐渐增强(P<0.05),G_0/G_1期细胞比例增加,G_2/S期细胞比例下降,p16~(INK4a)、p21~(WAF1)基因水平上调。上述结果提示人参皂甙Rg1能抑制体外培养的胃癌BGC-823细胞增殖,其机制可能与上调肿瘤细胞内细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶抑制因子p16~(INK4a)及p21~(WAF1)mRNA的表达有关。     

p21和p27基因在眼睑皮脂腺腺癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨p21和p27基因在眼睑皮脂腺腺癌中的表达差异。方法收集武汉大学人民医院和武汉大学中南医院病理科2000-2008年手术切除及活检的眼睑皮脂腺腺癌(eyelid sebaceous gland grandular cancer,ESGGC)标本共20例,另取癌周围组织5例作对照。采用免疫组织化学方法观察各组组织内p21和p27基因的表达。并利用HPIAS-2000图像分析系统测定p21和p27基因在以上各组中表达的平均光密度和平均阳性面积率。对各组组织中p21和p27基因表达的阳性面积率作双变量相关分析。结果 1.p21和p27基因在眼睑皮脂腺腺癌组织中呈低表达;p21和p27基因在癌旁组织中呈高表达。经单因素方差分析,组间有显著性差异(P0.05?。经q检验,眼睑皮脂腺腺癌与癌旁组织之间,p21和p27基因表达的平均光密度及阳性面积率有显著性差异(P0.05?。2.p21和p27基因之间的表达呈显著正相关。结论1.p21和p27基因在眼睑皮脂腺腺癌组织中异常表达,对眼睑皮脂腺腺癌的发生和发展起了重要作用;2.p21和p27基因之间的表达呈显著正相关,它们在皮脂腺腺癌的发生和发展过程中可能起协同作用。     

骨肉瘤中P53及P21WAF1表达的生物学意义

应用免疫组化SP法观察34例骨肉瘤中P53及P21WAF1的表达情况,探讨P53及P21WAF1表达与骨肉瘸临床病理学特征之间的关系,分析P53和P21WAF1在骨肉瘤中的作用及其相关性。结果可见,在34例骨肉瘤中,18例表达P53,阳性表达率52.94%;12例表达P21WAF1,阳性表达率35.29%。P53阳性表达与性别、肿瘤分化及是否转移复发有关(P<0.05),P21WAF1与肿瘤分化有关(P<0.01)。P53在中、低分化骨肉瘤中阳性表达率较高,而在高分化骨肉瘤中阳性表达率较低(70%、28.57%);P21WAF1在高分化骨肉瘤中阳性表达率较高,而在中、低分化骨肉瘤阳性表达率较低(85.71%、0%)。P53及P21WAF1表达呈负相关性(r=-0.537,P=0.001)。在骨肉瘤组织中P53表达上调及P21WAF1表达下调与骨肉瘤的恶性进展有关。     

p27~(Kip1)和CyclinD1在非小细胞肺癌中表达及意义

为了探讨p27Kip1蛋白和CyclinD1蛋白在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的表达及意义,收集临床手术切除的非小细胞肺癌组织蜡块64例及正常肺组织10例,应用免疫组化(S-P法)检测组织中p27Kip1蛋白和CyclinD1蛋白的表达,结合临床病理资料和随访资料进行回顾性研究。实验发现NSCLC组织中p27Kip1蛋白表达和CyclinD1蛋白表达均明显不同于正常肺组织(P<0.01)。p27Kip1蛋白表达降低与NSCLC肿瘤大小、病理分级、分期增加、淋巴结转移之间有相关性(P<0.05),但与肿瘤组织学分型无相关性(P>0.05)。CyclinD1蛋白过表达与组织学分型、肿瘤大小、病理分级、临床分期、淋巴结转移无相关性(P>0.05)。p27Kip1蛋白表达与CyclinD1蛋白表达之间呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。cox单因素及多因素分析,p27Kip1蛋白低表达及CyclinD1过表达是影响NSCLC患者预后的主要因素。实验结果显示,NSCLC组织中,p27Kip1蛋白表达降低,而CyclinD1过表达,二者与NSCLC的发生发展机制有关,可作为预后指标,有利于NSCLC患者预后判断及个体化治疗。     

p21WAFl/CIPl、PCNA在骨巨细胞瘤中的表达及意义

目的探讨p21WAF1/CIP1、PCNA在骨巨细胞瘤中的表达特点及其与骨巨细胞瘤的分化和复发的关系.方法应用LSAB免疫组织化学方法对38例骨巨细胞瘤中的p21WAF1/CIP1、PCNA的表达进行检测.结果66.8%的骨巨细胞瘤中可检测到p21WAF1/CIP1的阳性表达,其阳性表达主要位于分化好的多核巨细胞的细胞核内,分化好的骨巨细胞瘤(Ⅰ级)中p21WAF1/CIP1的表达明显高于分化差组(Ⅱ、Ⅲ级)(P<0.01).38例骨巨细胞瘤均可检测到PCNA的阳性表达,其阳性表达主要位于单核基质细胞的细胞核内;未复发组及复发组中p21WAF1/CIP1、PCNA的表达无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论骨巨细胞瘤中p21WAF1/CIP1的表达与骨巨细胞瘤的分化相关,可作为骨巨细胞瘤分化的参考指标.     

外源p21~(WAF1)转染对人成纤维细胞凋亡的影响

构建了有义和反义ｐ２１ＷＡＦ１ 逆转录病毒表达载体, 分别经脂质体包裹后转染人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞（２ＢＳ）。Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ 印迹杂交证实转染细胞中外源ｐ２１ ＷＡＦ１ｃＤＮＡ 已整合入基因组中。与空载体转染细胞相比, 有义转染细胞的ｐ２１ＷＡＦ１ ｍ ＲＮＡ 表达上升; 细胞增殖速度明显减慢; 对丁酸钠诱导凋亡的敏感性降低, 表现在细胞存活率升高, 核ＤＮＡ 梯状断裂片段出现的时间滞后, 断裂片段浓度下降, 流式细胞计检测的凋亡峰面积缩小。而反义转染细胞的ｐ２１ＷＡＦ１ ｍ ＲＮＡ表达下降; 细胞增殖速度较快; 对丁酸钠诱导凋亡的敏感性上升, 有关表现与有义转染细胞相反。说明２ＢＳ细胞内ｐ２１ＷＡＦ１ 的表达量与其被丁酸钠诱导凋亡的能力呈负相关。     

Osteoclast differentiation is associated with transient upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21(WAF1/CIP1) and p27(KIP1)

Osteoclasts, bone-resorbing multinucleated cells, develop from monocyte-macrophage lineage cells in the presence of osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF, also called RANKL/TRANCE/OPGL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). M-CSF-dependent bone marrow macrophages (M-BMMPhis) from mouse bone marrow cells have been shown to differentiate into osteoclast-like multinucleated cells (OCLs) in the presence of soluble ODF/RANKL (sODF/RANKL) and M-CSF within 3 days. In this study, we found that stimulation of M-BMMPhis with sODF/RANKL induced a transient expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDK inhibitors) p21(WAF1/CIP1) and p27(KIP1) by 24 h. The CDK inhibitor proteins disappeared by 48 h. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), which is reported to stimulate OCL differentiation, stimulated p21(WAF1/CIP1) and p27(KIP1) expression in M-BMMPhis as well. However, M-CSF alone did not stimulate the expression of the two CDK inhibitors. To clarify the role of p21(WAF1/CIP1) and p27(KIP1) in osteoclastogenesis, accumulation of these CDK inhibitors was aborted by antisense oligonucleotides. Treatment with p21(WAF1/CIP1) antisense oligonucleotide alone, or p27(KIP1) antisense oligonucleotide alone, showed a limited inhibitory effect on OCL formation. However, treatment with a mixture of these two antisense oligonucleotides strongly inhibited OCL formation. These results suggest that a combined modulation of the CDK inhibitors p21(WAF1/CIP1) and p27(KIP1) may be involved in osteoclast differentiation induced by ODF/RANKL.     

Alterations in TP53, cyclin D2, c-Myc, p21WAF1/CIP1 and p27KIP1 expression associated with progression in B-CLL

B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) originates from B lymphocytes that may differ in the activation level, maturation state or cellular subgroups in peripheral blood. Tumour progression in CLL B cells seems to result in gradual accumulation of the clone of resting B lymphocytes in the early phases (G0/G1) of the cell cycle. The G1 phase is impaired in B-CLL. We investigated the gene expression of five key cell cycle regulators: TP 53, c-Myc, cyclin D2, p21WAF1/CIP1 and p27KIP1, which primarily regulate the G1 phase of the cell cycle, or S-phase entry and ultimately control the proliferation and cell growth as well as their role in B-CLL progression. The study was conducted in peripheral blood CLL lymphocytes of 40 previously untreated patients. Statistical analysis of correlations of TP53, cyclin D2, c-Myc, p21WAF1/CIP1 and p27KIP1 expressions in B-CLL patients with different Rai stages demonstrated that the progression of disease was accompanied by increases in p53, cyclin D2 and c-Myc mRNA expression. The expression of p27KIP1 was nearly statistically significant whereas that of p21 WAF1/CIP1 showed no such correlation. Moreover, high expression levels of TP53 and c-Myc genes were found to be closely associated with more aggressive forms of the disease requiring earlier therapy.     

Immunohistochemical analysis of pRb2/p130, VEGF, EZH2, p53, p16(INK4A), p27(KIP1), p21(WAF1), Ki-67 expression patterns in gastric cancer

Although the considerable progress against gastric cancer, it remains a complex lethal disease defined by peculiar histological and molecular features. The purpose of the present study was to investigate pRb2/p130, VEGF, EZH2, p53, p16(INK4A), p27(KIP1), p21(WAF1), Ki-67 expressions, and analyze their possible correlations with clinicopathological factors. The expression patterns were examined by immunohistochemistry in 47 patients, 27 evaluated of intestinal-type, and 20 of diffuse-type, with a mean follow up of 56 months and by Western blot in AGS, N87, KATO-III, and YCC-2, -3, -16 gastric cell lines. Overall, stomach cancer showed EZH2 correlated with high levels of p53, Ki-67, and cytoplasmic pRb2/p130 (P < 0.05, and P < 0.01, respectively). Increased expression of EZH2 was found in the intestinal-type and correlated with the risk of distant metastasis (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), demonstrating that this protein may have a prognostic value in this type of cancer. Interestingly, a strong inverse correlation was observed between p27(KIP1) expression levels and the risk of advanced disease and metastasis (P < 0.05), and a positive correlation between the expression levels of p21(WAF1) and low-grade (G1) gastric tumors (P < 0.05), confirming the traditionally accepted role for these tumor-suppressor genes in gastric cancer. Finally, a direct correlation was found between the expression levels of nuclear pRb2/p130 and low-grade (G1) gastric tumors that was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Altogether, these data may help shed some additional light on the pathogenetic mechanisms related to the two main gastric cancer histotypes and their invasive potentials.     

Accumulation of p27 KIP1 is associated with BMP2-induced growth arrest and neuronal differentiation of human neuroblastoma-derived cell lines

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play an essential role in cell fate determination. In this study, we found that BMP2 treatment resulted in growth arrest and differentiation in human neuroblastoma-derived cell lines, SH-SY5Y and RTBM1. Within 30min of BMP2 exposure, phosphorylation of Smad1/5 was observed in these cell lines. In RTBM1 cells, BMP2-induced differentiation was accompanied by a significant decrease in the expression level of DAN, an antagonist of BMP in frog embryos. Immunoblot analysis revealed that BMP2 treatment caused a down-regulation of p53 family members and hence of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(WAF1). We found a significant accumulation of p27(KIP1) in response to BMP2, whereas the expression level of Skp2, which is required for ubiquitin-dependent p27(KIP1) degradation, was decreased during this differentiation process. Our results suggest that p27(KIP1) contributes to the BMP-induced growth arrest and neuronal differentiation of neuroblastoma, and BMP treatment might provide a new therapeutic strategy.     

Critical role of both p27KIP1 and p21CIP1/WAF1 in the antiproliferative effect of ZD1839 ('Iressa'), an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor,in head and neck squamous carcinoma cells

High expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been implicated in the development of squamous-cell carcinomas of head and neck (SCCHN). ZD1839 ('Iressa') is an orally active, selective EGFR-TKI (EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor) that blocks signal transduction pathways implicated in proliferation and survival of cancer cells, and other host-dependent processes promoting cancer growth. We have demonstrated that ZD1839 induces growth arrest in SCCHN cell lines by inhibiting EGFR-mediated signaling. Cell cycle kinetic analysis demonstrated that ZD1839 induces a delay in cell cycle progression and a G1 arrest together with a partial G2/M block; this was associated with increased expression of both p27(KIP1) and p21(CIP1/WAF1) cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. The activity of CDK2, the main target of CIP/KIP CDK inhibitors, was reduced in a dose-dependent fashion after 24 h of ZD1839 treatment and this effect correlated to the increased amount of p27(KIP1) and p21(CIP1/WAF1) proteins associated with CDK2-cyclin-E and CDK2-cyclin-A complexes. In addition, ZD1839-induced growth inhibition was significantly reduced in cell transfectants expressing p27(KIP1) or p21(CIP1/WAF1) antisense constructs. Overall, these results as well as the timing of the effect of ZD1839 on G1 arrest and p27(KIP1) and p21(CIP1/WAF1) upregulation, suggest a mechanistic connection between these events.     

8-chloroadenosine induced HL-60 cell growth inhibition, differentiation, and G(0)/G(1) arrest involves attenuated cyclin D1 and telomerase and up-regulated p21(WAF1/CIP1)

8-Chloroadenosine, an active dephosphorylated metabolite of the antineoplastic agent 8-chloroadenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (8-Cl-cAMP), induces growth inhibition in multiple carcinomas. Here we report that 8-chloroadenosine inhibits growth in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells by a G(0)/G(1) phase arrest and terminates cell differentiation along the granulocytic lineage. The mechanism of 8-chloroadenosine-induced G(0)/G(1) arrest is independent of apoptosis. The expressions of cyclin D1 and c-myc in HL-60 are suppressed by 8-chloroadenosine, whereas the cyclin-dependent kinases inhibitor p21(WAF1/CIP1) is up-regulated. 8-Chloroadenosine has less effect on the expressions of cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk)2 and cdk4, G(1) phase cyclin-dependent kinases, and only moderately induces the expression of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) and the mitotic inhibitor p27(KIP1). Telomerase activity is reduced in extracts of 8-chloroadenosine treated HL-60 cells, but 8-chloroadenosine does not directly inhibit the catalytic activity of telomerase in vitro. Therefore, anti-proliferation of HL-60 cells by 8-chloroadenosine involves coordination of cyclin D1 suppression, reduction of telomerase activity, and up-regulation of p21(WAF1/CIP1) that arrest cell-cycle progression at G(0)/G(1) phase and terminate cell differentiation.     

Activation of the anaphase promoting complex by HTLV-1 tax leads to senescence

The human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax binds the anaphase promoting complex (APC) and activates it ahead of schedule. Here, we show that APC activation by Tax induces rapid senescence (tax-IRS) independently of p53 and pRB. In response to tax, cyclin A, cyclin B1, securin, and Skp2 becomes polyubiquitinated and degraded starting in S phase. This is followed by a surge in p21(CIP1/WAF1) and p27(KIP1) in mid to late S and G2/M leading to a permanent G1 arrest. Tax-positive HTLV-1-transformed T-cell lines express elevated levels of p21(CIP1/WAF1), but low levels of p27(KIP1). Finally, Tax can be stably expressed in p27(KIP1)-null NIH3T3 cells. These results indicate that APC activation by Tax causes inactivation of SCF(Skp2) and stabilization of p21(CIP1/WAF1) and p27(KIP1). The build-up of p21(CIP1/WAF1) and especially p27(KIP1) commits cells to senescence. Evading tax-IRS through a loss of p27(KIP1) function is likely to be critical for cell transformation by Tax and development of adult T-cell leukemia after HTLV-1 infection. Finally, activation of APC ahead of schedule may be exploited to arrest cancer cell growth.     

乳腺癌中Rho A蛋白表达及其与Cyclin D1和P21WAF1/CIP1蛋白表达的相关性

目的探讨Rho A蛋白在人乳腺癌中的表达情况,Rho A蛋白与临床病理因素的关系,及其与细胞周期蛋白Cyclin D1,细胞周期抑制蛋白 P21 WAF1/CIP1表达的相关性.方法应用免疫组化S-P法,检测64例乳腺癌组织及20例正常乳腺组织中Rho A蛋白、Cyclin D1和P21 WAF1/CIP1蛋白的表达情况.结果 (1)Rho A、 Cyclin D1和P21 WAF1/CIP1蛋白在正常乳腺组织中的表达率分别为5.00%、25.00%、15.00%,在乳腺癌组织中的表达率分别为73.44%、59.38%、48.44%,三者在乳腺癌组织中的阳性表达分别与正常乳腺组织相比,均差异有显著性意义(P< 0.01).(2)Rho A蛋白表达与病理组织分级,淋巴结转移相关(P< 0.05),与患者年龄、肿瘤大小及临床分期无关.(3)RhoA蛋白与P21 WAF1/CIP1蛋白表达呈负相关(χ2=4.548,P<0.05),与Cyclin D1蛋白表达无关.结论乳腺癌患者RhoA蛋白过表达与预后不良有关.RhoA蛋白通过下调P21 WAF1/CIP1蛋白参与细胞周期调节,进而与乳腺癌发展及侵袭转移相关.