肥厚型心肌病患者心肌mtDNA大片段缺失的探讨

应用Long PCR及Primer Shift Long PCR 技术对3例肥厚型心肌病(HCM）患者和10例正常引产胎儿的13份心肌标本予以线粒体 DNA缺失检测,结果在1例HCM患者心肌线粒体DNA中发现约5.0kb缺失,而在正常引产胎儿的标本未见该缺失,提示HCM的发生可能与mtDNA缺失相关。 Astract　Using long PCR and primer shift long PCR techniques, we analyzed the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) isolated from the heart muscles of 3 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients and 10 normal abortive fetuses. Almost 5.0kb deletion was found in the heart mtDNA of one HCM patient, while no deletion was detected in that of 10 fetuses. It is concluded that HCM may correlate with mtDNA deletion.     

线粒体DNA4977bp大片缺失突变与喉癌的相关性研究

目的:探讨线粒体DNA4977bp大片缺失突变与喉癌的相关性。方法:选择2016年1月～2017年6月我院收治的喉乳头状瘤、喉癌患者,分别纳入良性肿瘤组、恶性肿瘤组,每组各150例。取两组患者的病变组织标本,分离癌及癌旁组织,提取总DNA,采用PCR扩增测序技术检测两组标本中线粒体DNA4977bp大片缺失突变情况。结果:基因测序结果显示恶性肿瘤组患者的线粒体DNA4977bp缺失突变率为39.33%,高于良性肿瘤组患者的1.33%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同肿瘤分期患者的线粒体DNA4977bp缺失突变率比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),且III期患者的突变率II期 I期 IV期;淋巴结转移患者的线粒体DNA4977bp缺失突变率高于淋巴结未转移患者差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:线粒体DNA4977bp大片缺失突变与喉癌的发生有关,可能促进的发生和进展。     

线粒体DNA缺失与神经肌肉性疾病的研究

应用PCR技术对13例神经肌肉疾病患者的线粒体DNA缺失进行了研究。结果表明,其中二例肢带型肌营养不良症患者骨骼肌组织和一例帕金森氏病患者的血细胞线粒体DNA中存在至少526bp的缺失。提示线粒体突变在一些神经肌肉性疾病的发生中起一定的作用。 Abstract: Using PCR technique,we analysed the skeletal muscle and blood of 13 patients with neuromuscular disaeases.The results show that a mutant mitochondrial DNA with at least 526bp deletion exits in the skeletal muscles of 2 patients with Erb muscular dystrophy and in the blood of a patients with Parkinson’s disease.From our results,mitochondrial DNA mutations could be an important contributory factor to neuromuscular diseases.     

原发性扩张型心肌病的线粒体tRNA基因突变分析

为寻找原发性扩张型心肌病病例是否存在已知以及未知的线粒体tRNA致病性突变,以探讨扩张型心肌病可能的发病原因。收集2例原发性扩张型心肌病患者和10例正常对照尸检心肌组织石蜡标本,针对22种线粒体tRNA基因分别设计一对引物,PCR扩增后并测序分析线粒体tRNA基因突变情况。结果在对照样本中未检测到线粒体tRNA变异位点,在1例患者中检测到了tRNA~(Val)基因G1664A变异,Mitomap已有报道为多态性位点;于另1例患者中检测到tRNA~(Met)T4454C变异,有文章报道该位点与线粒体功能障碍有关,Mitomap报道为多态性位点。本研究中2例病例中未检测到线粒体tRNA致病性突变位点,可能与病例个体的心衰程度有关,有必要扩大样本量深入研究线粒体tRNA以及mt DNA其他基因突变与原发性扩张型心肌病之间的关系,以寻找可能的致病突变位点、易感的多态性位点或者单倍体群,为认识原发性扩张型心肌病的发病机制进一步提供理论基础和依据。     

乙肝病毒标志物在胎儿和胎盘组织中的表达及其与 HBV母婴传播关系的研究

目的通过对乙肝阳性产妇外周血、胎儿及胎儿附属物进行乙肝病毒标志物的检测,探讨HBV宫内感染发生的机制。方法通过ELISA法及实时荧光定量PCR法检测血清标本中HBV标志物及HBV DNA水平;通过对组织标本的免疫组织化学染色检测组织中HBV标志物的表达。结果胎儿脐血HBV DNA水平与母血HBV DNA水平相关,母血HBV DNA高水平(≥107copy/mL)时脐血HBV DNA阳性率明显增高,P<0.05。胎儿脐血HBV DNA水平显著低于母血HBV DNA水平,P<0.05。胎盘组织可见HBsAg免疫组织化学染色阳性,但未发现HBcAg染色阳性。在引产胎儿胎肝和胎肾组织中发现HBsAg和/或HBcAg免疫组织化学染色阳性细胞。结论母亲HBV DNA高水平是发生HBV宫内感染的高危因素。脐血HBV DNA阳性是判断HBV宫内感染的相关指标;HBV可能通过胎盘感染的途径由母体进入胎儿体内,并可能在胎儿体内定位和复制,这可能是导致HBV宫内感染的原因。     

克山病心肌电子显微镜初步观察

本文报道了12例克山病尸检心肌标本电子显微镜初步观察,其中包括2例急型,3例慢型急发,5例慢型及2例胎儿克山病。重点观察了心肌带状病变,间盘的变化及线粒体的变化。简略地描述了心肌细胞核及间质的变化。讨论了产生这些变化可能的原因,并初步得出结论间盘及线粒体的变化是克山病心肌的早期病变。     

线粒体DNA U4b单倍群:中国塔吉克族高原原发性高血压的遗传易感因素

目的:探讨线粒体DNA变异与中国塔吉克族高原原发性高血压的关系.方法:在中国塔吉克族人群中,收集了 53例高原原发性高血压病例和46例正常对照.通过PCR扩增线粒体DNA片段,经测序拼接获得线粒体全基因组,与剑桥序列比对以筛选线粒体DNA变异,分析在病例组与对照组中的分布差异,采用生物信息学工具预测阳性相关变异的功能....     

POLG1外显子1、3、4、7突变与弱精子症的相关性及其对mtDNA和4977 bp缺失的影响

为了探索POLG1外显子1、3、4、7突变与弱精子症的相关性及对mtDNA序列突变和4 977 bp缺失的影响,按WHO标准收集了120例弱精子症和101例精子活力正常的精液标本,经PCR测序分析POLG1外显子1、3、4、7突变,继而测序检测9例外显子4 c.948 GA突变的弱精子症标本、9例无c.948 GA突变的弱精子症标本和9例正常对照标本的mtDNA全序列,利用巢式PCR技术分析9例c.948 GA突变标本、9例无c.948 GA突变的弱精子症标本和9例对照标本的4 977 bp缺失。结果显示:在120例弱精子症中发现POLG1外显子4 c.948 GA突变9例(7.5%),显著高于对照组(0%,P0.05)。c.948 GA突变组mtDNA全序中突变率与对照组比无统计学差异(P0.05)。作者关注的两组中,突变数有差异的位点累积突变频次突变组显著高于对照组(P0.05),但与无c.948 GA突变的弱精子症标本的累积突变频次比较无统计学意义;突变组mtDNA 4 977 bp缺失率(7/9,77.8%)显著高于对照组(2/9,22.2%,P0.05)和无c.948 GA突变的弱精子症组(2/9,22.2%,P0.05)。以上结果提示,弱精子症的发生可能与POLG1 c.948 GA突变有相关性,弱精子症线粒体DNA某些位点的累积突变率增高,但可能不是POLG1 c.948 GA突变引起;c.948 GA突变可能会增加mtDNA 4 977 bp缺失,从而影响精子线粒体功能,导致精子活动力下降。     

现代罗布人mtDNA 9bp序列缺失频率与DYS287位点多态性研究

目的:研究现代罗布人线粒体DNA 9bp序列缺失频率与Y染色体DYS287位点多态性.方法:分别采用PCR扩增直接测序法和PCR结合琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测法对不同位点的多态性进行分析.结果:在48名无关现代罗布人群个体中,线粒体DNA9bp序列缺失频率为8.3%,在34名无关现代罗布人群男性个体中DYS287全部显示为YAP-.结论:获得现代罗布人线粒体DNA 9bp序列缺失频率与Y染色体DYS287位点多态性数据,为该群体遗传关系的分析、法医学鉴定及该群体的起源提供了一定的遗传背景资料.     

神经肌肉性疾病患者线粒体DNA突变的分析

为了探讨神经肌肉性疾病的发病与线粒体DNA突变的关系,采用PCR技术检测了 20例患有不同神经肌肉性疾病儿童的外周血和骨骼肌细胞中的线粒体DNA(mtDNA),发现其中6例患儿有mtDNA缺失,其中1例至少有2968bp片段的缺失, 另5例至少有2000bp片段的缺失,此缺失区位于线粒体呼吸链复合物1、 4、5、编码区,表明该突变对神经肌肉性疾病的发生有一定作用。 Abstract:To understand the relation to mechanism of neuromuscular disease and mtDNA mutation,using PCR technique,we investigated blood and /or skeletal muscle of 20 patients with neuromuscular diseases.A deletion in the length of 2000~2968bp was found in blood mitochondrial DNA of 6 patients with neuromuscular disease.The deletion region partially lies in the coding region of resoiratony chain complex 1,4,5.It is suggested that this mutation ois related with neuromuscular diseases.     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism