欧洲景观条约与景观生态学研究

1　性质和由来近十多年来 ,欧洲土地利用变化迅速 ,西北欧农业利用加剧和过度发展 ,南欧则出现农业毁弃和贫瘠化 ,城市化与日益增长的交通设施建设都使原有的景观受到威胁 ,其自然特性与社会文化特性发生退化。出于提高生活质量的考虑 ,欧洲人普遍关心景观的保护和管理 ,他们认识到景观在文化、生态、环境以及社会领域具有重大作用 ,构成了有利于经济活动的一种资源 ,景观的管理和保护可以创造就业机会。景观有助于地方文化的构成 ,同时它也是自然与文化遗产的基本组成部分 ,有利于欧洲特色的巩固及人们的欢乐与健康。景观是任何地方人们生…     

European brown hare syndrome in free-ranging European brown and mountain hares from Switzerland.

From 1997 to 2000, complete necropsy and histopathologic investigations were performed on 157 free-ranging European brown hares (Lepus europaeus) found dead throughout Switzerland. Organ samples of all these individuals (157 livers and 107 spleens available) were tested for European brown hare syndrome virus (EBHSV)-antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test kit. Furthermore, 60 additional blood samples were tested for antibodies against EBHSV by ELISA. In addition, liver samples of 87 free-ranging mountain hares (Lepus timidus) hunted in 1996 were tested for EBHSV-antigen. In two European brown hares from southern Switzerland lesions suggestive of changes induced by EBHSV were present, and high titers of EBHSV-antigen were detected in both liver and spleen samples of these animals. Based on negative staining electron microscopy investigations of liver and spleen homogenates, we observed calicivirus in one antigen-positive hare. Low EBHSV-antigen titers were found in three additional European brown hares from central and western Switzerland, but EBHS-lesions were absent. Antibodies against EBHSV were not detected in any of the sera of European brown hares, and EBHSV-antigen was not found in the samples of mountain hares. This is the first report of EBHS in European brown hares from Switzerland.     

EMMA--the European mouse mutant archive.

The European Mouse Mutant Archive (EMMA) offers the worldwide scientific community a free archiving service for its mutant mouse lines and access to a wide range of disease models and other research tools. EMMA is currently comprised of seven partners who operate as the primary mouse repository in Europe. EMMA' s primary objectives are to establish and manage a unified repository for maintaining mouse mutations and to make them available to the scientific community. In addition to these core services, the consortium can generate germ-free (axenic) mice for its customers and also hosts courses in cryopreservation. EMMA is a founder member of the Federation of International Mouse Resources (FIMRe). The EMMA network is funded by the participating institutes, national research programmes and the European Commission Research Infrastructures Programme.     

Work in the European Union.

Continental Europe is now only 20 minutes away by train from mainland Britain, and moving ever closer politically. Mutual recognition of medical qualifications within the European Union is well established: working in other parts of Europe is, in principle, straightforward. Working in different health care systems can offer new perspectives on British medical practice and the NHS. But the cultural differences are not always easy to overcome.