鼻咽癌组织中蛋白酶ICH的表达及其与bcl-2的表达关系

探讨蛋白酶ＩＣＨ１ 与凋亡基因ｂｃｌ２ 的关系及在鼻咽癌发生中的作用。应用免疫组化方法对４６例鼻咽癌组织中ＩＣＨ１ （ＩＣＨ１Ｌ和ＩＣＨ１Ｓ） 和ｂｃｌ２ 的表达进行观察。结果发现１１ 例良性病变中２ 例ＩＣＨ１Ｌ阳性, １ 例ＩＣＨ１Ｓ阳性。４６ 例鼻咽癌中１６ 例ＩＣＨ１Ｌ阳性, ２２ 例ＩＣＨ１Ｓ阳性, 阳性率分别为３４８％ 和４７８％ , 各组织学分型间无明显差异（Ｐ＞ ００５）。癌细胞ＩＣＨ１ 表达较良性病变增加, 但ＩＣＨ１Ｌ与良性病变比较无显著性差异 （Ｐ＞ ００５）。良性鼻咽上皮ｂｃｌ２ 阴性。４６ 例鼻咽癌中３８ 例ｂｃｌ２ 阳性, 阳性率为８２６％ , ｂｃｌ２ 表达与组织分型也无明显关系 （Ｐ＞ ００５）。ＩＣＨ１Ｌ与ｂｃｌ２ 呈反向表达关系。提示ＩＣＨ１ 和ｂｃｌ２ 表达异常可能与鼻咽上皮的癌变有关。ｂｃｌ２ 对ＩＣＨ１Ｌ表达可能有影响。     

慢性肺心病肺动脉平滑肌细胞的胶原合成：体内及体外观察

肺动脉构形重建（ｓｔｒｕｃｔｒｕｒａｌｒｅｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇ）是慢性肺心病的重要血管病变,但其发生机制至今未完全明了。病变以血管中膜平滑肌细胞肥大、增生和细胞外基质（包括纤维性与非纤维性成分）增多导致的血管壁增厚、血管腔狭窄为特征。本文用天狼星红－偏振光显微镜观察,真彩色全自动图像分析法,测量１０例慢性肺心病尸检肺小动脉中膜厚度及中膜内Ⅰ、Ⅲ两型胶原的含量和所占的百分比。用３Ｈ－胸腺嘧院核苷和３Ｈ－脯氨酸掺入法,观察缺氧内皮细胞条件培养液（ＨＥＣＣＭ）对培养的肺动脉平滑肌细胞（ＰＡＳＭＣＳ）ＤＮＡ及胶原合成的影响。结果：（１）肺心病组４３７支肌型肺动脉平均中膜厚占血管直径的百分值高于对照组５±１．０８％;（２）肺心病组的Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原面积分别占中膜面积的５４．６２％和５１９％,而对照组两型胶原占中膜面积小于２％。（３）ＨＥＣＣＭ组平滑肌细胞的３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ和３Ｈ－脯氨酸掺入量（ｃｐｍ值）,均明显高于常氧对照组（ＮＥＣＣＭ）,两组相比,有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。（４）细胞周期分析,ＨＥＣＣＭ组平滑肌细胞的Ｇ０／Ｇ１期细胞数百分值比ＮＥＣＣＭ组少２８％,Ｇ２＋Ｍ期细胞百分值则比ＮＥＣＣＭ组高３０％。可以认为,缺     

铕螯合剂DTTAEuNa标记流行性出血热单克隆抗体的实验研究

用Ｎ′（对异硫氰基苄基）二乙三胺Ｎ１,Ｎ２,Ｎ３四乙酸铕钠（ＤＴＴＡＥｕＮａ）作为螯合剂,标记不同蛋白浓度的流行性出血热单克隆抗体（ＥＨＦＭｃＡｂ）,经ＳｅｐｈａｋｅｘＧ５０凝胶柱分离标记的单抗分子,通过对层析液的紫外吸收峰处的蛋白光密度,时间分辨荧光强度以及免疫活性测定表明：二批Ｅｕ标记单抗的比活性分别为７８和１４７个Ｅｕ３＋／ＥＨＦＭｃＡｂ,标记回收率分别为４１％和４２％,标记物的免疫活性良好,可用于流行性出血热的抗原及抗体检测     

重组人EPO真核表达质粒在大鼠骨骼肌中的表达及其对贫血的治疗作用

目的和方法构建ＥＰＯ真核细胞表达载体（ｐｃＤ２ＥＰＯ）,用缝线法和注射法将其直接导入肾性贫血大鼠股四头肌,观察ＥＰＯ在骨骼肌细胞中的表达及其对贫血的治疗作用。结果：ｐｃＤ２ＥＰＯ导入股四头肌２周后,骨骼肌细胞内出现ＥＰＯｍＲＮＡ,提示被导入的ＥＰＯ基因在肌细胞内得到表达。贫血动物被治疗１周后,缝线组和注射组动物的ＨＧＢ和ＲＢＣ均显著升高;在第３周,缝线组的ＨＧＢ和ＲＢＣ接近健康大鼠的水平;至第４周,两个治疗组的ＨＧＢ和ＲＢＣ仍显著高于对照组。结论：经缝线法导入的ｐｃＤ２ＥＰＯ在骨骼肌中的表达效率及对贫血的治疗效果明显高于直接注射法,而两种治疗方法对改善肾性贫血动物肾脏清除ＢＵＮ的功能无明显差异     

慢性缺氧大鼠肺血管c-myc及bcl-2基因表达研究

应用免疫组织化学和Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交方法,对慢性缺氧大鼠肺组织（主要是肺血管壁）原癌基因ｃ－ｍｙｃ和抗凋亡基因ｂｃｌ－２表达进行了研究。免疫组织化学观察提示,正常对照组大鼠肺血壁Ｃ－ｍｙｃ和Ｂｃｌ－２蛋白仅为弱阳性或不表达,慢性缺氧１、２周组大鼠肺血管壁这两种抗原表达比对照组显著增强,呈强阳性,Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交结果表明：慢性缺氧１、２周组大鼠肺组织内ｃ－ｍｙｃ和ｂｃｌ－２的ｍＲＮＡ表达比对照组显著增加,以上结果提示,ｃ－ｍｙｃ及ｂｃｌ－２两种基因调节的细胞增殖与凋亡可能参与了慢性缺氧性肺动脉高压的发病进程。     

细胞凋亡过程中bcl-2基因的甲基化

为探讨凋亡过程中,ｂｃｌ－２基因下调与该基因甲基化状态的关系,用５－氟尿嘧啶（５－Ｆｕ）诱导小鼠成纤维细胞ＮＣ３Ｈ１０,ＴＣ３Ｈ１０及人乳腺癌细胞ＭＣＦ－７的凋亡,分别检测了这三种细胞凋亡过程中ｂｃｌ－２的表达变化,与其调控区及编码区的甲基化状况．我们曾观察到５－Ｆｕ作用２４～４８ｈ出现细胞存活率下降,ＤＮＡ梯状断裂及细胞周期凋亡峰显现等典型凋亡现象．Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交显示,在５－Ｆｕ作用１２ｈ时ｂｃｌ－２ｍＲＮＡ水平已明显降低．由此,我们用小鼠ｂｃｌ－２（ｍｂｃｌ－２）及人ｂｃｌ－２（ｈｂｃｌ－２）基因调控区ＰＣＲ扩增片段及ｂｃｌ－２编码区（ｃＤＮＡ）片段作为探针,与５－Ｆｕ作用１２ｈ的细胞ＤＮＡ的ＭｓｐⅠ／ＨｐａⅡ酶切产物进行Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交,以未作用的细胞ＤＮＡ同样酶切杂交为对照．通过杂交带谱的变化,分析ｂｃｌ－２基因的甲基化状况．结果显示：ｍｂｃｌ－２及ｈｂｃｌ－２在５－Ｆｕ作用１２ｈ后调控区甲基化水平增高,但其编码区甲基化状态皆未出现可检出的变化．上述结果提示：ｂｃｌ－２基因调控区甲基化水平升高可能与该基因下调有关     

丁酸钠对CHO-EPO工程细胞株rhEPO表达量的影响

以稳定整合有ｐＥＤＥＰＯ的ＣＨＯＥＰＯ工程细胞株为研究对象,在无血清条件下,系统观察了０５、１０、２５和５０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ４个浓度的丁酸钠作用于该细胞株的情况,结果表明：丁酸钠对ＣＨＯＥＰＯ工程细胞的生长有明显的抑制作用;影响ＣＨＯＥＰＯ工程细胞ＥＰＯ表达,浓度１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ可提高ＥＰＯ表达量２５倍左右,并可持续较长的一段时间;延缓ＣＨＯＥＰＯ工程细胞在无血清培养时的细胞脱落;提高ＣＨＯＥＰＯ工程细胞ＥＰＯｍＲＮＡ水平     

重组RA—538及反义c—myc腺病毒对人胃癌,食管癌和bcl—2高表达细胞系的作用

本课题研究ＲＡ５３８、反义c-ymc重组腺病毒对人胃癌（ＳＧＣ７９０１）、食管癌（Ｅ Ｃ１０９、ＥＣ８７１２）、正常人胚肺２ＢＳ（２ＢＳ）及ｂｃｌ－２高表达细胞第的体仙外生物学作用及其分子机制。结果显示Ａｄ－ＲＡ５３８及Ａｄ－ＡＳｃ－ｍｙｃ对ＳＧＣ７９０１细胞体内外均具有明显的生长抑制及凋亡诱导作用,并能抑制其ｃ－ｍｙｃ、ｂｃｌ－２、ｃｙｃｌｉｎＤ１基因的表达及刺激ｂａｘ基因的表达。对ＥＣ１０９、ＥＣ８     

羊红膻根的化学成分研究

从羊红膻（ＰｉｍｐｉｎｅｌａｔｈｅｌｕｎｇｉａｎａＷｏｌｆ）根的７５％乙醇提取物的乙醚萃取部分,分得一化合物。经光谱（ＵＶ、ＩＲ、１ＨＮＭＲ、１３ＣＮＭＲ、１Ｈ１ＨＣＯＳＹ、１Ｈ１３ＣＣＯＳＹ和ＭＳ）分析,确定为新化合物２（１甲氧基２羟基）丙基４甲氧基苯酚,命名为羊红膻素Ｅ（ｔｈｅｌｕｎｇｉａｎｉｎＥ）。     

低氧对肺动脉内皮细胞PDGF—B链释放及平滑肌细胞生长的影响

应用蛋白ｄｏｔｂｌｏｔ技术检测了低氧内皮细胞条件培养液（ＨＥＣＣＭ）和常氧内皮细胞条件培养液（ＮＥＣＣＭ）内ＰＤＧＦ相对含量,并利用［３Ｈ］－ＴｄＲ掺入法和流式细胞术观察了ＨＥＣＣＭ和ＮＥＣＣＭ及加入特异ＰＤＧＦ抗体对肺动脉平滑肌细胞（ＰＡＳＭＣ）生长的影响。结果表明,ＨＥＣＣＭ中的ＰＤＧＦ含量明显高于ＮＥＣＣＭ;ＨＥＣＣＭ能明显增强ＰＡＳＭＣ内ＤＮＡ合成,促进ＰＡＳＭＣ从Ｇｏ／Ｇ１期进入Ｓ期;当预先加入ＰＤＧＦ－Ｂ链抗体时,则会明显地抑制ＨＥＣＣＭ对ＰＡＳＭＣ的ＤＮＡ合成,阻止ＰＡＳＭＣ从Ｇｏ／Ｇ１期进入Ｓ期。结果提示,低氧时ＰＡＳＭＣ增殖与肺动脉内皮细胞分泌释放ＰＤＧＦ增加有关     

枯否细胞在实验性肝癌细胞凋亡中的作用研究

探讨Kupffer细胞在大鼠实验性肝癌细胞凋亡中的作用。应用免疫组化方法和TUNEL法对单用二乙基亚硝胺（DENA）诱发的肝癌及用氯化钆（GC）或酶母多糖（ZM）分别阻塞或激活Kupffer细胞后,给以DENA所引起的大鼠肝癌中的增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）、bax、bcl-2蛋白表达和肝癌细胞的凋亡进行了对比研究,结果显示：肝癌组织的增殖指数在ZM＋DENA组、DENA组、GC＋DENA组依次增高,而凋亡指数在上述各组依次降低。Bax阳性率在ZM＋DENA组明显高于DENA组（P＜0.05）,而ZM＋DENA组bcl-2阳性率明显低于DENA组（P＜0.05）。结果提示：Kupffer细胞可促进实验性肝部细胞凋亡。     

SLE患者PBMC凋亡状态及相关基因表达的研究

探讨外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)凋亡及其基因调控在系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)发病机制中的作用.用流式细胞仪(FCM)检测PBMC凋亡百分率及T细胞亚群的凋亡状态;用RT-PCR检测PBMC bcl-2和bax的mRNA表达;用FCM检测凋亡相关基因bcl-2,bax,fas,p53和c-myc的蛋白表达.结果显示,SLE患者PBMC凋亡百分率明显高于正常人,且活动期患者高于非活动期患者.SLE活动期患者CD4+,CD8+T细胞数明显低于正常人;非活动期患者CD8+T细胞数明显低于正常人,而CD4+T细胞数与正常人比较无统计学差异;SLE患者PBMC bcl-2和bax mRNA表达与正常人比较无统计学差异;SLE患者PBMC bcl-2,bax和fas蛋白表达明显高于正常人,p53和c-myc蛋白表达在各组之间无统计学差异.SLE患者PBMC凋亡百分率增高、外周血T细胞亚群的异常及bcl-2,bax和fas蛋白表达增高,在SLE发病机制中可能起了一定的作用.     

Effect of L-arginine on pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell apoptosis in rats with hypoxic pulmonary vascular structural remodeling

This study investigated the effect of L-arginine (L-Arg) on the apoptosis of pulmonary arterysmooth muscle cells (PASMC) in rats with hypoxic pulmonary vascular structural remodeling,and itsmechanisms.Seventeen Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group (n=5),a hypoxia group(n=7),and a hypoxia L-Arg group (n=5).The morphologic changes of lung tissues were observed underoptical microscope.Using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling assay,the apoptosis of PASMC was examined.Fas expression in PASMC wasexamined using immunohistochemistry.The results showed that the percentage of muscularized artery insmall pulmonary vessels,and the relative medial thickness and relative medial area of the small and medianpulmonary muscularized arteries in the hypoxic group were all significantly increased.Pulmonary vascularstructural remodeling developed after hypoxia.Apoptotic smooth muscle cells of the small and median pul-monary arteries in the hypoxia group were significantly less than those in the control group.After 14 d ofhypoxia,Fas expression by smooth muscle cells of median and small pulmonary arteries was significantlyinhibited.L-Arg significantly inhibited hypoxic pulmonary vascular structural remodeling in association withan augmentation of apoptosis of smooth muscle cells as well as Fas expression in PASMC.These resultsshowed that L-Arg could play an important role in attenuating hypoxic pulmonary vascular structural remod-eling by upregulating Fas expression in PASMC,thus promoting the apoptosis of PASMC.     

ROCK pathway participates in the processes that 15‐hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15‐HETE) mediated the pulmonary vascular remodeling induced by hypoxia in rat

15‐Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15‐HETE), a product of arachidonic acid (AA) catalyzed by 15‐lipoxygenase (15‐LO), plays an essential role in hypoxic pulmonary arterial hypertension. We have previously shown that 15‐HETE inhibits apoptosis in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). To test the hypothesis that such an effect is attributable to the hypoxia‐induced pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR), we performed these studies. We found subtle thickening of proximal media/adventitia of the pulmonary arteries (PA) in rats that had been exposed to hypoxia. This was associated with an up‐regulation of the anti‐apoptotic Bcl‐2 expression and down‐regulation of pro‐apoptotic caspase‐3 and Bax expression in PA homogenates. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), which inhibits the generation of endogenous 15‐HETE, reversed all the alterations following hypoxia. In situ hybridization histochemistry and immunocytochemistry showed that the 15‐LO‐1 mRNA and protein were localized in pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs), while the 15‐LO‐2 mRNA and protein were localized in both PAECs and PASMCs. Furthermore, the Rho‐kinase (ROCK) pathway was activated by both endogenous and exogenous 15‐HETE, alleviating the serum deprivation (SD)‐induced PASMC apoptosis. Thus, these findings indicate that 15‐HETE protects PASMC from apoptosis, contributing to pulmonary vascular medial thickening, and the effect is, at least in part, mediated via the ROCK pathway. J. Cell. Physiol. 222:82–94, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Effects of hydrogen sulfide on hypoxic pulmonary vascular structural remodeling

To study the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in hypoxic pulmonary vascular structural remodeling (HPVSR), a total of 24 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (n = 8), hypoxia group (n = 8) and hypoxia with sodium hydrosulfide (hy + NaHS) group (n = 8). The mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), plasma H2S and the percentage of muscularized arteries (MA), partially muscularized arteries (PMA) and nonmuscularized arteries (NMA) in small pulmonary vessels were measured. Collagen I and III, elastin, transforming growth factor-beta3 (TGF-beta3), proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and human urotensin II(U-II) expressions were detected by immunohistochemical assay. The mRNA expressions of procollagen I and III, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinease-1 (TIMP-1) were detected by in situ hybridization. The results showed that NaHS significantly increased plasma H2S, decreased mPAP and the percentage of MA and PMA of small pulmonary vessels in rats under hypoxia. Meanwhile, NaHS inhibited the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) represented by a decrease in the expressions of PCNA and human U-II in pulmonary artery wall. NaHS reduced the expression of collagen I and III, elastin and TGF-beta3 protein and decreased the expressions of procollagen I and III mRNA in pulmonary arteries of rats under hypoxia, but it did not impact the ratio of TIMP-1 mRNA to MMP-1mRNA in pulmonary arteries of rats under hypoxia. These data suggested that H2S played an important role in the development of HPVSR.     

银杏叶提取物对新生SD 乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧损伤的影响

目的:研究银杏叶提取物对缺氧状态下新生SD乳鼠心肌细胞的影响及其可能机制。方法:新生1天SD乳鼠心肌细胞原代培养并利用氮气培养箱模拟低氧构建乳鼠心肌缺氧体外模型。分为3组处理:对照组,缺氧组,缺氧+药物拮抗组。缺氧时间为12 h,通过免疫组化等检测方法,观察各组心肌细胞的损伤情况及心肌Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达情况。结果:缺氧可以造成新生SD乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡的发生(hypoxia:75.21%±1.21%,control:1.38%±0.45%,P<0.05,n=20),并导致其表达凋亡抑制因子Bcl-2蛋白水平的显著降低(0.125 fold VS control group,P<0.05),促细胞凋亡因子Bax蛋白水平显著升高(3.011fold VS control group,P<0.05);而银杏叶提取物作用后可明显逆转新生SD乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡的发生(EGb761:23.17%±0.43%,hypoxia:73.13%±1.22%,P<0.05,n=20),并明显逆转Bcl-2(5.716 fold VS hypoxia group,P<0.05)、Bax(0.273fold VS hypoxia group,P<0.05)等蛋白的表达水平。结论:凋亡相关因子Bcl-2和Bax等参与缺氧致心肌损伤过程,导致心肌细胞凋亡,银杏叶提取物能降低心肌Bax表达,提高Bcl-2表达,从而保护心肌细胞,抑制凋亡。