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芋螺毒素的药用价值研发进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
芋螺毒素是一种海洋软体动物芋螺分泌的一类用于自卫和捕食的小肽神经性毒素。芋螺毒素具有很高的药用开发价值和潜力。近年来,具有高度特异性生物活性的芋螺毒素一直广泛应用于研制特异性诊断试剂以及开发疗效特异的新药之中,并作为分子模型用于相关新药的设计。本文对近年来芋螺毒素药用开发研究的最新进展做一综述。 相似文献
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织锦芋螺ο家族芋螺毒素的序列分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
为了从织锦芋螺(Conustextile)中尽可能多地分离出ο家族的毒素序列和研究其应用价值,在克隆了织锦芋螺α芋螺毒素的基础上进行了织锦芋螺ο家族芋螺毒素基因的分离工作.从织锦芋螺毒管中提取m RNA,通过RACE(rapid am plification ofcDNA ends,cDNA 末端的快速扩增)-PCR方法扩增获得ο家族芋螺毒素cDNA 片段,并进行克隆和序列分析.从织锦芋螺毒液中获得了6种新的芋螺毒素序列,且毒素序列的成熟肽部分均符合C- C- CC- C- C的保守半胱氨酸框架.这些是新的ο家族芋螺毒素序列,新序列的阐明为进一步研究其生物活性和应用打下了基础. 相似文献
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从织锦芋螺中克隆α芋螺毒素序列 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
为了从我国南海产织锦芋螺(Conustextile)中分离新的毒素序列并研究其应用价值,进行了织锦芋螺毒素基因的分离工作.从织锦芋螺毒管中提取mRNA,以A族芋螺毒素的信号肽编码部分和3′端非翻译部分的保守序列为引物,通过RT-PCR扩增和序列分析方法获得新的芋螺毒素序列.结果得到两种不同的α芋螺毒素序列,两者都属于α4/7亚型芋螺毒素,预测其成熟肽序列分别为Pro-Glu-Cys-Cys-Ser-Asp-Pro-Arg-Cys-Asn-Ser-Ser-His-Pro-Glu-Leu-Cys-Gly(C端Gly可能被酰胺化)和Pro-Glu-Cys-Cys-Ser-His-Pro-Ala-Cys-Asn-Val-Asp-His-Pro-Glu-Ile-Cys-Arg.采用传统的生化分离手段尚未从织锦芋螺中获得过α芋螺毒素序列,这两种α芋螺毒素作用的种属特异性、受体类型特异性和在小细胞肺癌的诊断和治疗中的应用价值有待进一步研究 相似文献
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α-芋螺毒素是近年来研究较多的一种海洋生物神经毒素,它特异性竞争结合烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体,化学结构独特。本文介绍了有关α-芋螺毒素的种类、结构特征、生物学活性和制备方法等方面的研究进展,及其在生物化学、生物学以及新药开发等方面的应用前景。 相似文献
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M-超家族芋螺毒素研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
芋螺毒素是来源于芋螺毒液的活性多肽,具有分子质量小,作用靶点广泛且特异性高的优点,是一种丰富的生物资源。M-超家族芋螺毒素是芋螺毒素中较为复杂的超家族之一,包括μ-、ψ-和κM-家族,分别作用于电压门控钠通道、N型乙酰胆碱受体和电压门控钾通道。另外,mr3a和tx3c的发现预示M-超家族可能存在新的家族。本文对这些芋螺毒素的生理学和药理学特征、结构与功能的关系及应用研究进行综述。 相似文献
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芋螺毒素GeXIVAWT是来自食虫将军芋螺(Conus generalis Lonnaeus)毒管中,具有两对二硫键的28肽.通过化学合成这种芋螺毒素产量低、成本高、难以纯化.利用简单快速的重组表达来生产富含二硫键的芋螺毒素有可能成为有效的新途径.通过对芋螺毒素GeXIVAWT的基因进行密码子优化,人工合成引物来构建表达载体pET22b(+)/pelB-GeXIVAWT.融合了信号肽的重组芋螺毒素以包涵体的形式在大肠杆菌中获得了高效表达.利用低浓度尿素洗涤和超滤管进行纯化无组氨酸标签的重组芋螺毒素pelB-GeXIVAWT,再利用稀释复性的方法将无活性的包涵体转变成具有活性的重组芋螺毒素.复性后的重组蛋白采用反相高效液相色谱进一步纯化后进行了质谱鉴定.活性实验表明重组芋螺毒素pelB-GeXIVAWT具有抑制昆虫细胞Sf-9的生长,为研究芋螺毒素作为生物杀虫剂奠定基础. 相似文献
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目的 海洋肉食性软体动物芋螺的毒液是生物活性多肽的一个宝贵来源。这些活性多肽大多是富含二硫键的神经毒素,通常称为芋螺毒素。在本研究中,发现了一个全新的O2超家族芋螺毒素Tx7.29,通过对其进行功能研究,期望发现新的镇痛药候选物。方法 从织锦芋螺毒管c DNA文库中克隆得到Tx7.29的c DNA序列。通过化学合成,制得了Tx7.29的成熟肽,并通过质谱鉴定了其分子质量。通过膜片钳实验和动物实验确定Tx7.29的生物学功能。结果 Tx7.29的c DNA序列编码了一个包含68个氨基酸残基的芋螺毒素前体,由19个残基的信号肽、28个残基的前片段和22个残基的成熟肽组成。圆二色谱分析表明,β转角和反平行片层是Tx7.29二级结构中的主要组分。通过膜片钳实验发现,Tx7.29可以显著抑制大鼠背根神经节细胞的钙通道电流,但对钠电流和钾电流没有明显作用。在小鼠热板疼痛试验中,从0.5到4小时,Tx7.29以剂量依赖性的方式,增加了试验小鼠的热板潜伏时间。Tx7.29对ND7/23细胞无明显细胞毒性。结论 Tx7.29有望成为一种镇痛药物先导化合物,同时它的发现也扩大了O2-芋螺毒素的作用范围。 相似文献
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Peptide de7a was purified from the venom of Conus delessertii, a vermivorous cone snail collected in the Yucatan Channel, Mexico. Its amino acid sequence was determined by automatic Edman degradation after reduction and alkylation. The sequence shows six Cys residues arranged in the pattern that defines the O-superfamily of conotoxins, and several post-translationally modified residues. The determination of its molecular mass by means of laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (average mass, 3170.0 Da) confirmed the chemical data and suggested amidation of the C-terminus. The primary structure (ACKOKNNLCAITgammaMAgammaCCSGFCLIYRCS*; O, hydroxyproline; gamma, gamma-carboxyglutamate; *, amidated C-terminus; calculated average mass, 3169.66 Da) of de7a contains a motif (gammaCCS) that has previously only been found in two other toxins, both from molluscivorous cone snails: TxVIIA from Conus textile and gamma-PnVIIA from Conus pennaceus. These toxins cause depolarization and increased firing of action potentials in molluscan neuronal systems, and toxin gamma-PnVIIA has been shown to act as an agonist of neuronal pacemaker cation currents. The similarities to toxins TxVIIA and gamma-PnVIIA suggest that peptide de7a might also affect voltage-gated nonspecific cation pacemaker channels. 相似文献
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Han YH Wang Q Jiang H Liu L Xiao C Yuan DD Shao XX Dai QY Cheng JS Chi CW 《The FEBS journal》2006,273(21):4972-4982
The M-superfamily with the typical Cys framework (-CC-C-C-CC-) is one of the seven major superfamilies of conotoxins found in the venom of cone snails. Based on the number of residues in the last Cys loop (between C4 and C5), M-superfamily conotoxins can be provisionally categorized into four branches (M-1, M-2, M-3, M-4) [Corpuz GP, Jacobsen RB, Jimenez EC, Watkins M, Walker C, Colledge C, Garrett JE, McDougal O, Li W, Gray WR, et al. (2005) Biochemistry44, 8176-8186]. Here we report the purification of seven M-superfamily conotoxins from Conus marmoreus (five are novel and two are known as mr3a and mr3b) and one known M-1 toxin tx3a from Conus textile. In addition, six novel cDNA sequences of M-superfamily conotoxins have been identified from C. marmoreus, Conus leopardus and Conus quercinus. Most of the above novel conotoxins belong to M-1 and M-2 and only one to M-3. The disulfide analyses of two M-1 conotoxins, mr3e and tx3a, revealed that they possess a new disulfide bond arrangement (C1-C5, C2-C4, C3-C6) which is different from those of the M-4 branch (C1-C4, C2-C5, C3-C6) and M-2 branch (C1-C6, C2-C4, C3-C5). This newly characterized disulfide connectivity was confirmed by comparing the HPLC profiles of native mr3e and its two regioselectively folded isoforms. This is the first report of three different patterns of disulfide connectivity in conotoxins with the same cysteine framework. 相似文献
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Venomous predatory animals, such as snakes, spiders, scorpions, sea anemones, and cone snails, produce a variety of highly stable cystine-constrained peptide scaffolds as part of their neurochemical strategy for capturing prey. Here we report a new family of four-cystine, three-loop conotoxins (designated framework 14). Three peptides of this family (flf14a-c) were isolated from the venom of Conus floridanus floridensis, and one (vil14a) was isolated from the venom of Conus villepinii, two worm-hunting Western Atlantic cone snail species. The primary structure for these peptides was determined using Edman degradation sequencing, and their cystine pairing was assessed by limited hydrolysis with a combination of CNBr and chymotrypsin under nonreducing, nonalkylating conditions in combination with MALDI-TOF MS analysis of the resulting peptidic fragments. CD spectra and nanoNMR spectroscopy of these conotoxins directly isolated from the cone snails revealed a highly helical secondary structure for the four conotoxins. Sequence-specific nanoNMR analysis at room temperature revealed a well-defined helix-loop-helix tertiary structure that resembles that of the Cs alpha/alpha scorpion toxins kappa-hefutoxin, kappa-KTx1.3, and Om-toxins, which adopt a stable three-dimensional fold where the two alpha-helices are linked by the two disulfide bridges. One of these conotoxins (vil14a) has a Lys/Tyr dyad, separated by approximately 6A, which is a conserved structural feature in K(+) channel blockers. The presence of this framework in scorpions and in cone snails indicates a common molecular imprint in the venom of apparently unrelated predatory animals and suggests a common ancestral genetic origin. 相似文献
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Predatory cone snails (genus Conus) produce a rich array of venoms that collectively contain an estimated 100,000 small, disulfide-rich peptides (i.e., conotoxins, or conopeptides). Over the last few decades, the conopeptides have revealed a remarkable diversity of pharmacological function and utility. An evolutionary rationale for the existence of such a large and pharmacologically diverse set of gene products can be premised on the complexity of intra- and interspecies interactions that define the ecology of Conus snails. Insights into these evolutionary trends, moreover, have been exploited with great neuropharmacological success, so that research into the Conus snails effectively recapitulates a new concerted discovery approach, which we discuss here, for developing unique ligands for both laboratory and therapeutic applications. The Conus peptides thus serve as a model system for reaping the pharmacological potential of biodiverse animal lineages. 相似文献
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Conotoxins from the venom of marine cone snails (genus Conus) represent large families of proteins exhibiting a similar precursor organization, but highly diverse pharmacological activities. A directed PCR-based approach using primers according to the conserved signal sequence was applied to investigate the diversity of conotoxins from the O-superfamily. Using 3' RACE, cDNA sequences encoding precursor peptides were identified in five Conus species (Conus capitaneus, Conus imperialis, Conusstriatus, Conus vexillum and Conus virgo). In all cases, the sequence of the signal region exhibited high conservancy, whereas the sequence of the mature peptides was either almost identical or highly divergent among the five species. These findings demonstrate that beside a common genetic pattern divergent evolution of toxins occurred in a highly mutating peptide family. 相似文献
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Cone snails are a group of ancient marine gastropods with highly sophisticated defense and prey strategies using conotoxins in their venom. Conotoxins are a diverse array of small peptides, mostly with multiple disulfide bridges. Using a 3' RACE approach, we identified six novel peptides from the venom ducts of a worm-hunting cone snail Conus pulicarius. These peptides are named Pu5.1-Pu5.6 as their primary structures show the typical pattern of T-1 conotoxin family, a large and diverse group of peptides widely distributed in venom ducts of all major feeding types of Conus. Except for the conserved signal peptide sequences in the precursors and unique arrangement of Cys residues (CC-CC) in mature domains, the six novel T-1 conotoxins show remarkable sequence diversity in their pro and mature regions and are, thus, likely to be functionally diversified. Here, we present a simple and fast strategy of gaining novel disulfide-rich conotoxins via molecular cloning and our detailed sequence analysis will pave the way for the future functional characterization of toxin-receptor interaction. 相似文献