Chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Ajania fruticulosa

The isolation and identification of sixteen compounds extracted from the aerial parts of A. fruticulosa have been reported in the present study, including eight flavonoids (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8), three terpenoids (9, 10 and 11), two sterols (12 and 13), one lignan (14), one fatty acid (15) and one fatty acid ethyl ester (16), wherein six compounds (2, 3, 4, 5, 10 and 14) have been isolated from A. fruticulosa for the first time. Furthermore, among the identified compounds, three compounds (6, 7 and 11) have also been reported for the first time in the genus Ajanin and three compounds (8, 15 and 16) have not been isolated and reported from other plants of the family Asteraceae. In addition, the chemotaxonomic significance of these compounds was discussed.     

Three new koninginins from Trichoderma neokongii 8722

Three new fungal metabolites, named koninginins I (1), J (2) and K (3) together with four known koninginins A (4), B (5), D (6) and E (7), were isolated from solid fermentation products of Trichoderma neokongii 8722. Three new structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D NMR and 2D NMR, and HR-ESI–MS experiments.     

Two new 11-noriridoids from the aerial parts of Morinda umbellata

This work was done as a part of our ongoing projects to catalog the chemical constituents and biological activities of the Morinda species growing in Vietnam. Phytochemical investigations of the methanol extract of Morinda umbellata aerial parts resulted in the isolation of two new 11-noriridoids, umbellatolides A (1) and B (2). Their structures were elucidated by NMR (¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, HSQC, HMBC, ¹H–¹H COSY, and NOESY) and FTICRMS data. This is the first report of 11-noriridoids from M. umbellata. The cytotoxic activity and protective effect on oxidative stress injury stimulated by H₂O₂ in murine hepatocyte of 1 and 2 were also evaluated.     

Two new carene-type monoterpenes from aerial parts of Ageratina adenophora

Two new carene-type monoterpenes, (1α,6α,7α)-8-hydroxy-2-carene-10-oic acid (1) and (1α,6α)-10-hydroxy-3-carene-2-one (2), were isolated from the aerial parts of Ageratina adenophora, together with a known monoterpene, (−)-isochaminic acid (3). The new structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including MS, 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Compound 3 was isolated from A. adenophora for the first time. Compounds 2 and 3 were found to show anti-fungal activity against spore germination of Magnaporthe grisea with IC₅₀ values 0.623 and 0.503 mM, respectively.     

药囊花茎叶的化学成分研究

药囊花（Cyphotheca montana Diels）茎叶的乙醇提取物具有抗菌活性,进一步的活性追踪表明活性成分在乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取物中,我们从这两种萃取物中共分离鉴定出9个化合物,其结构通过波谱分析等分别鉴定为：槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖甙（1）,杨梅素-3-O-α-L鼠李糖甙（2）,山萘酚-3-（2″,6″-二-O-（E）-p-羟基苯丙烯酰-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙（3）,3,3′-O-二甲基逆没食子酸-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙（4）,槲皮素（5）,2α,3β,19α,23-四羧基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸-28-0-β-D吡喃葡萄糖甙（6）,乌苏酸（7）,β-谷甾醇（8）和胡萝卜甙（9）,这些化合物均为首次从我国该特有单种属植物中分离得到。     

Two flavonoids and other compounds from the aerial parts of Centaurea bracteata from Italy

The flowering aerial parts of Centaurea bracteata Scop. (Asteraceae) have been studied for the first time. Nineteen compounds were isolated and identified, namely a sterol glucoside, two phenolic acids, three quinic acid derivatives, and 13 flavonoids, two of which, are new natural products. Structural elucidation was performed mainly by mean of FABMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy.     

Chemical constituents from the aerial part of Peganum multisectum

Phytochemical investigation of the aerial part of Peganum multisectum led to the isolation of thirteen compounds, including seven alkaloids (1–5, 7 and 12), two sterols (6 and 10), one phenylpropanoid (8), one lignanoid (11), one megastigman (9), and one phenol (13). Their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods like UV, IR, MS and NMR, and in comparison with the published data in the references. Among them, compounds 10, 12 and 13 were firstly obtained from genus Peganum. The chemotaxonomic significance of these compounds was also discussed, which revealed the relationships between P. multisectum and some other species of genus Peganum.     

Two new compounds from Cryptoporus volvatus

Two new compounds with the aldehyde group, cryptoporusal A (1) and 9-formyl-4-hydroxy-6, 9-dimethyl-1-O-β-D-xylosopyranosyl-8a,9-dihydro-ace-naphthylen-8-one (2), were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the fruiting bodies of Cryptoporus volvatus (Pk.) Hubbard. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic studies, and comparison with literature data. Furthermore, they were evaluated for their in vivo cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines and antioxidant activity. Compound 1 exhibited strong cytotoxicity against HL-60 and both showed high ferric reducing capacity.     

Three new compounds from the bark of Antiaris toxicaria

Three new compounds, namely (+)-pranferol (1), antiarone M (2), and anticerol A (3), together with 9 known compounds, were obtained from the bark of Antiaris toxicaria. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, (HR) ESI–MS, ¹H, ¹³C NMR, HSQC, ¹H-¹H COSY, HMBC and X-ray crystallographic technique. The absolute configurations of compounds 1 and 2 were determined by modified mosher method and CD spectrum.     

Chemical constituents from the aerial sections of Ajania potaninii

Nineteen compounds were isolated from Ajania potaninii, including one sulfur paraffin (1), one monoterpene (6), one lactone (3), one aliphatic acid (15), two sterols (8 and 10), one triterpenes (13), one alkaloid (18), eleven flavonoids (2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 12, 14, 16 and 17) and one cyclic amide (19). All of these compounds were obtained from A. potaninii for the first time. This is the first report of N-nonanemercaptan (1), 3-hydroxy-5-decanolide (3), cirsiliol (5), 1,2,4-trihydroxy-p-mentane (6), 6-methoxytricin (7), eriodictyol (11), pectolinarigenin (12), 3,3′-di-O-methylquercetin (14), tetradecanoic acid (15), lappaconitine (18) and 1,1′,1″,1‴,1‴'-tricontane lactam (19) from the genus Ajania. The occurrence of compounds 18 and 19 in A. potaninii warrants further study.     

Four new compounds with cytotoxic and neuroprotective activity from Notopterygium incisum

Phytochemical research on an extract of Notopterygium incisum yielded twenty-four compounds (1–24), including four new compounds 7, 10, 13 and 17. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configuration of 5 were assigned via Mosher's method. In addition, compounds 2, 9, 19 and 24 were analyzed by single crystal X-ray analysis for the first time. The new compound 7 exhibited remarkable cytotoxic activity against the human pancreatic cancer cell lines PANC-1, CAPAN-2, CFPAC-1, and SW1990 with IC₅₀ values of 6.25 ± 0.54, 7.74 ± 1.12, 6.68 ± 1.11, and 5.35 ± 0.33 μM, respectively. The primary mechanistic study indicated that 7 caused cell death probably due to induced defects in the mitotic process. Moreover, compounds 2 and 7-9 effectively protected against H₂O₂-induced neurotoxicity in the SH-SY5Y cells, and 1, 3, 6, 10, 11, 16 and 19 exhibited strong DPPH scavenging ability.     

驼绒藜中两个新的咖啡酯及其它化合物

对采自宁夏沙坡头的藜科驼绒藜进行化学成分研究,从中分离得到20个化合物,其中一个为咖啡酯的混合物(其中咖啡酸十九酯和咖啡酸十五酯为新的咖啡酯),一个苯甲酸衍生物,5个已知植物蜕皮激素,10个甾体化合物,3个肉桂酸及其衍生物。它们的结构经光谱分析(IR,MS,NMR)结合一定的化学方法、物理常数被确定。这些化合物都是第一次从该属植物中分离得到。     

Antimicrobial biflavonoids from the aerial parts of Ouratea sulcata

Investigation of the aerial parts of Ouratea sulcata led to the isolation of a biflavonoid named sulcatone A, together with the known compounds, 3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydroapigenyl-[I-4',O,II-3']-dihydrokaempferol, amentoflavone, lophirone A, agathisflavone, stigmasterol and stigmasteryl-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside. The structure of the compound was assigned as apigenyl-[I-4',O,II-3']-dihydrokaempferol, by means of spectroscopic analysis. Sulcatone A and 3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydroapigenyl-[I-4',O,II-3']-dihydrokaempferol exhibited significant in vitro antimicrobial activities against a range of microorganisms.     

Bioactive phenolic compounds from aerial parts of Plinia glomerata

The present work describes the antinociceptive properties and chemical composition of the aerial parts of Plinia glomerata (Myrtaceae). Both of the extracts evaluated, acetonic and methanolic, showed potent antinociceptive action, when analyzed against acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions in mice, with calculated ID50 (mg/kg, i. p.) values of 24.8 and 3.3, respectively. Through usual chromatographic techniques with an acetonic extract, the following compounds were obtained: 3,4,3'-trimethoxy flavellagic acid (1), 3,4,3'-trimethoxy flavellagic acid 4'-O-glucoside (3) and quercitrin (4), which were identified based on spectroscopic data. Compounds 1 (ID50 = 3.9 mg/kg, i. p., or 10.8 micromol/kg) and 3 (ID50 = 1.3 mg/kg or 2.5 micromol/kg) were notably more active than some well-known analgesic drugs used here for comparison.     

Two new angular-type pyranocoumarins from the aerial parts of Angelica furcijuga and their synthesis from isoepoxypteryxin

Two new angular-type pyranocoumarins, namely hyuganin G (1) and hyuganin H (2), were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of the aerial parts of Angelica furcijuga, together with three known angular-type pyranocoumarins, isoepoxypteryxin (3), isopteryxin (4), and hyuganin E (5). Assignment of the ¹H and ¹³C NMR data of 1 and 2 were achieved via analysis of the DEPT, HMQC, and HMBC spectra. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by semi-synthesis from 3.     

蝙蝠葛的化学成分研究

目的:对防己科蝙蝠葛属植物蝙蝠葛(Menispermum dauricum DC)的干燥根茎化学成分进行研究.方法:采用抗肿瘤细胞活性实验与中药化学实验相结合的方法,最终确定蝙蝠葛95％乙醇提取物,再经大孔树脂以70％乙醇溶液洗脱部位为其抗肿瘤活性部位,再经硅胶柱色谱法、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱法、中低压液相色谱及高效液相色谱法等现代分离技术对其化学成分进行系统研究,分离得到单体化学成分,并通过其理化性质与波谱数据(Uv、IR、NMR、MS等)分析鉴定其化学结构.结果:从蝙蝠葛药材95％乙醇提取物中分离得到7个化学成分,分别鉴定为蝙蝠葛新诺林碱(1)、northalifoline(2)、青藤碱(3)、粉防己碱(4)、荷苞牡丹碱(5)、紫堇定(6)、香草酸(7).结论:其中化合物5、6、7均为首次从该属植物中分离得到.     

Flavonoids and other compounds from the aerial parts of Viola etrusca

The non-volatile constituents of the rare species Viola etrusca Erben (Violaceae), collected at Mount Amiata, Italy, were phytochemically investigated for the first time. Two new flavonoid glycosides, 4'-methoxyrhamnetin (1) and violetruscoside (2), an isorhamnetin derivative, were isolated from the flowering aerial parts, together with eleven known substances, including eight flavonoids, a phenolic acid, glycerin, and a coumarin derivative. The NMR data of violanthin (10) and isoviolanthin (11) are reported for the first time.     

The phenolic compounds from Dracocephalum moldavica L.

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Three new sesquiterpenoids from the aerial parts of Homalomena occulta

Three new eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoids, compounds 1-3, and eight known constituents, including mucrolidin (4), 1beta,4beta,7alpha-trihydroxyeudesmane (5), 1beta,4beta,6beta,11-tetrahydroxyeudesmane (6), oplodiol (7), bullatantriol (8), acetylbullatantriol (9), homalomenol (10), and maristeminol (11), were isolated from the aerial parts of Homalomena occulta. Their structures were determined by interpretation of spectroscopic and mass-spectrometric data, and their antimicrobial activities toward six different bacterial strains were tested. Most of the compounds showed weak antibacterial activities in an agar-diffusion assay.