Four New C19-Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Aconitum nagarum Stapf

Four new aconitine-type C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids, were isolated from the roots of Aconitum nagarum Stapf which were named as nagarutines A–D ( 1–4 ), together with eleven known compounds ( 5–15 ). The structures of the compounds were identified by IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra. All compounds were tested for the inhibitory effect on LPS induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages, compound 7 showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity effect and Inhibition rate is about 44.50%.     

Unusual C19-diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum vilmorinianum var. patentipilum

Three new C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids vilmotenitines A-C (1-3), together with seven known ones, vilmorine D (4), talatizidine (5), isotalatizidine (6), vilmorrianine B (7), vilmorrianine D (8), talatizamine (9), 8-deacetyl-yunaconitine (10), were isolated from Aconitum vilmorinianum var. patentipilum. Vilmotenitines A (1) and B (2) are the second natural occurrences of C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids with a unique rearranged six-membered B ring formed by the C₍₈₎–C₍₁₀₎ linkage.     

Diterpenoid alkaloids with chemotaxonomic significance from Aconitum spathulatum

Diterpenoid alkaloids have been acknowledged as of chemotaxonomic significance in plants from the genus Aconitum (Ranunculaceae). Phytochemical investigation on the Aconitum spathulatum W. T. Wang, an endemic Aconitum species in China, has led to the isolation of twelve C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids. The chemotaxonomic significance of these compounds are summarized.     

Norditerpene and diterpene alkaloids from Aconitum variegatum

Aerial parts of Aconitum variegatum L. from the Pyrenees furnished four norditerpene alkaloids, 16 beta-hydroxycardiopetaline, 8-ethoxysachaconitine, 14-acetylgenicunine B, N-deethyl-N-19-didehydrosachaconitine, five diterpene alkaloids 15-veratroyldictizine, 15-veratroyl-17-acetyldictizine, 15-veratroyl-17-acetyl-19-oxodictizine, N-ethyl-1 alpha-hydroxy-17-veratroyldictizine, variegatine and the known alkaloids sachaconitine, 14-O-acetylsachaconitine, karakoline, talatizamine, 10-hydroxytalatizamine, 14-acetyltalatizamine, 14-acetyl-10-hydroxytalatizamine, N-methylarmepavine, pengshenin B, delsoline, dihydrodelsoline, delcosine and genicunin B. Structures of the alkaloids were established by MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques.     

Five new diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum sczukinii Turcz.

Ten diterpenoid alkaloids, including five new ones, sczukiniline A–E (1-5), were isolated from the root of Aconitum sczukinii. Their structures were elucidated based on the interpretation of spectroscopic data (HRESI-MS, IR, 1D- and 2D-NMR). Among the five new diterpenoid alkaloids, 1-3 are hetidine-type C₂₀-diterpenoid alkaloids, while compounds 4 and 5 are lycoctonine-type C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids. Noteworthily, sczukiniline A (1) features a novel ester group between C-12 and C-14, forming a D ring containing a lactone structure, resulting in a new skeleton of hetidine-type C₂₀-diterpenoid alkaloid.     

A New Diterpenoid Alkaloid from Aconitum leucostomum

Four diterpenoid alkaloids were isolated by means of column chromatography and preparative HPLC from the roots of Aconitum leucostomum Worosch. Their structures were determined from the spectral data. One of them was found to be a new compound named leucostine ( Ⅱ ). The other three are known alkaloids, leuconine ( Ⅰ ), dehydroacosanine ( Ⅲ ) and sepaconitine (IV).     

Five new alkaloids from Aconitum apetalum (Ranunculaceae)

Twenty-one alkaloids, including five new ones, acoapetaldines A–E (1–5), were isolated from the whole plants of Aconitum apetalum. Among them, 1 is an aconitine-type diterpenoid alkaloid, 2 and 3 are aporphine alkaloids and 4 and 5 are napelline-type diterpenoid alkaloids. The structures of the new alkaloids were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis and that of acoapetaldine D (4) was confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallography. Acoapetaldine A (1) and aconorine (12) exhibited moderate anti-tobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) activity, while corydine (15) displayed moderate antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.     

Geniconitine,A New Diterpenoid Alkaloid from Roots of Aconitum geniculatum Fletcher

From the roots of Aconitum geniculatum Fletcher, seven diterpenoidalkaloids were isolated, six of which were identified as yunaconitine (1), crassicaulineⅠ(2), vilmorrianine C(3), talatisamine (4), chasmanine (5), and 8-deacetyl-yunaconitu-ne(6), geniconitine, a new diterpenoid alkaloid, was established as (7)by means of MS,IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and chemical methods.     

Three new C19-diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium tianshanicum W. T. Wang

Three new C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids, tianshanisine (1), tianshanine (2) and tianshanidine (3), together with six known C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids (4–9) were isolated from the whole herb of Delphinium tianshanicum W. T. Wang. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including HR-ESI-MS and 1D and 2D NMR.     

Norditerpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum heterophyllum Wall with antibacterial activity

Two new aconitine-type norditerpenoid alkaloids 6-dehydroacetylsepaconitine (1) and 13-hydroxylappaconitine (2), along with three known norditerpenoid alkaloids lycoctonine, delphatine and lappaconitine were isolated from the roots of the Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. These compounds exhibited significant antibacterial activity. The structure of compound 1 and 2 were deduced on the basis of their spectral data.     

多根乌头中二萜生物碱成分

为研究多根乌头(AconitumkarakolicumRapaics)中二萜生物碱成分,本研究采用正反相硅胶柱和高效液相等色谱分离方法,从中分离得到15个二萜生物碱;通过多种波谱手段以及文献对比的方法鉴定其结构分别为aconitine(1),3-deoxyaconitine(2),16-epipyroaconine(3),neoline(4),indaconitine(5),14-benzoyl-8-O-methylaconitine(6),spicatineA(7),15-α-hydroxyneoline(8),taurenine(9),14-benzoylaconine(10),14-benzoylaconine-8-oleate(11),lappaconitine(12),beiwudine(13),13-hydroxyfranchetine(14)和8-O-linoleoyl-14-benzoylaconine(15),化合物3~15为首次从该植物中分离得到。采用MTT法和叶碟法分别考察了部分化合物的抗肿瘤和拒食活性,化合物14-benzoylaconine-8-oleate(11)对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞、人肺癌H460细胞、肝癌HepG2细胞的IC50值分别为11.9、27.6和31.8μM。乌头碱型的二萜生物碱aconitine(1)、3-deoxyaconitine(2)、indaconitine(5)和beiwudine(13)表现出一定的拒食活性的活性(EC50<2mg/cm^2)。     

Alkaloids of Aconitum vilmoriniaum var. patentipilum

Seven diterpenoid alkaloids were isolated from Aconitum vilmorinianum var. patentipilum W. T. Wang. Their structures were determined as franchetine(Ⅰ), indaconitine(Ⅱ), yunaconitine(Ⅲ), talatisamine(Ⅳ), chasmaconitine(Ⅴ), crassicauline A (Ⅵ), and bikhaconine(Ⅶ). Last one has not been previously found in nature.     

The Chemotaxonomy of Chinese Species of the Genus Aconitum L. (Ranunculaceae)

On the basis of biosynthsis, distribution of diterpenoid alkaloids as well as morphological evolution of Chinese species L. (Ranunculaceae), chemotaxonomy of the genus Aconitum is discussed: 1, Subgen. Lycoctonum, containing lycoctonine-type alkaloids and Subgen. Aconitum containing aconitine-type alkaloids, were probably differetiated at the early stage of evolution of the genus Aconitum and evolved respectively in their own ways. 2, In Subgen. Aconitum: (1) Ser. Bullatifolia, containing mainly atisine-, veatchine-type alkaloids, and amino, alcohol and ester base of aconitine-type, and distributed in Hengduan Mountain and Jingsha River valley, where is the centre of modern differentiation of species of Aconitum, is probably a series from which Chinese species of the genus Aconitum were derived; (2) Ser. Inflata, containing mainly aconitine, mesaconitine and bypaconitine, is an advanced group; (3) Ser. Grsndituberosa, containing mainly aconitine and songorine, is related to Ser. Bulatifolia; (4) Ser. stylosa and Ser. volubilia, containing mainly yunaconitine and other anisyl ester alkaloids form another advanced branch. 3, Ser. Tangutica and A. naviculare of Ser. Rotaundifolia, containing atisine and lactone-type alkaloids may be a specialized group in high mountains and have occurred at early stage of evolution of the genus Aconitum. 4, Subgen. Gymnaconitum, containing atisine-type alkaloids and amino alcohol of aconitine type, may als be a specialized group in high mountains. 5, A. franchetii Finet. et Gagnep. mainly containing ester bases of aconitine-typeand closed to A. chasmanthum Stapf, is best placed into Ser. Ambigua.     

Diterpenoid Alkaloids from the Roots of Aconitum kongboense Lauener

Four diterpenoid alkaloids were obtained form the roots of Aconitum kongboense Lauener. Among them, one is a new alkaloid, kongboensine (1), and the structure has been elucidated by spectral evidence. The others were identified as guayewuanine A (2), indaconitine (3) and talatisamine (4) respictevely. 2 and 3 were isolated from this plant for the first time.     

Two New C19-Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Delphinium shawurense

Shawurenine C ( 1a ) and D ( 1b ), a new pair of regioisomeric C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids, and five known C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids ( 2 – 6 ) were isolated from the aerial part of Delphinium shawurense W. T. Wang. The chemical structures of new compounds were established based on spectroscopic analyses: HR-ESI-MS, and 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of these diterpenoid alkaloids were also evaluated.     

Indazole-type alkaloids from the seeds of Nigella glandulifera

Two rare indazole-type alkaloids, nigeglapine (1) and nigeglaquine (2) along with one known compound (3), were isolated from the seeds of Nigella glandulifera. Their structures were confirmed on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic methods, mainly NMR (¹H, ¹³C, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY) and ESI-MS, and comparison with data in the literature. This is the first report of the natural occurrence of glycosylated indazole-type alkaloids.     

圆盔乌头，陕西毛茛科一新种

描述了自陕西省发现的毛莨科乌头属一新种,圆盔乌头（Aconitum rotundocassideum）。由于具有相似的体态和盔形上萼片,此种与特产云南省的粗茎乌头在亲缘上很相近,与后者的区别特征见正文。     

迁西乌头，河北毛茛科一新种

描述了自河北省发现的毛茛科乌头属一新种,迁西乌头。此新种在叶和花的形状方面与乌头像似,但其块根二叉状分枝,茎低矮,之字形弯曲,无毛,叶较小,无毛,花单朵顶生,花梗、萼片外面和心片均无毛,而与乌头相区别。     

Four New Diterpenoid Alkaloids from The Roots of Aconitum coreanum

Four new hetisine‐type C₂₀‐diterpenoid alkaloids, named as coreanines A–D ( 1 – 4 ), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum coreanum, together with thirteen known alkaloids ( 5 – 17 ). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods including IR, HR‐ESI‐MS and NMR techniques. All the isolated compounds were screened for the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effects, and none of them showed considerable inhibitory activity.