Ulnar polydactyly

A retrospective review of 148 patients with ulnar polydactyly was conducted to analyze the types, patterns of involvement, associated anomalies, treatments, and outcomes of this malformation. The hands only were involved in 123 patients, both hands and feet in 20 patients, and five patients had mixed radial and ulnar polydactyly. Ulnar polydactyly was more prevalent among males. Among African Americans, the condition was often bilateral. When unilateral, ulnar polydactyly occurred more often on the left side. The racial distribution was 103 African Americans (70 percent), 37 Caucasians (25 percent), four Native Americans, three Latin Americans, and one Asian. Five types were encountered: type I cutaneous nubbin, type II pedunculated digit, type III articulating digit with fifth metacarpal, type IV fully developed digit with sixth metacarpal, and type V polysyndactyly. The distribution of types in order of frequency was type II, III, V, I, and IV. Types I and II ulnar polydactyly combined were more prevalent (82 percent) than types III, IV, and V (18 percent). Types I and II were more common among African Americans. Types III, IV, and V ulnar polydactyly occurred more frequently among Caucasians, but these were slightly less prevalent than types I and II in this racial group. Five patients were syndromic; four were Caucasians, and one Asian. Most cases of ulnar polydactyly of the hand were treated by ligation (71 percent) in the nursery, whereas polydactyly of the foot was more often referred to a specialist to be treated by surgical ablation (92 percent). Treatment complications occurred more frequently in the hands than in the feet. The complication rate after ligation of ulnar polydactyly of the hand was 23.5 percent. The two main complications were tender or unacceptable nubbins and infections.     

Ulnar artery thrombosis.

Forty-six patients with ulnar artery thrombosis were evaluated. A comparison of the results was made between those patients who were treated by sympathectomy and those in whom we attempted to reestablish the blood flow. A reverse vein graft was often used in the latter group. Based on the results of this study, we believe the preferred method of treatment for ulnar artery thrombosis is an attempt at the reestablishment of blood flow.     

Functional Recovery Occurs Even After Partial Remyelination of Axon-Meshed Median and Ulnar Nerves in Mice

Upper limb nerve injuries are common, and their treatment poses a challenge for physicians and surgeons. Experimental models help in minimum exploration of the functional characteristics of peripheral nerve injuries of forelimbs. This study was conducted to characterize the functional recovery (1, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days) after median and ulnar nerve crush in mice and analyze the histological and biochemical markers of nerve regeneration (after 21 days). Sensory–functional impairments appeared after 1 day. The peripheral nerve morphology, the nerve structure, and the density of myelin proteins [myelin protein zero (P0) and peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22)] were analyzed after 21 days. Cold allodynia and fine motor coordination recovery occurred on the 10th day, and grip strength recovery was observed on the 14th day after injury. After 21 days, there was partial myelin sheath recovery. PMP22 recovery was complete, whereas P0 recovery was not. Results suggest that there is complete functional recovery even with partial remyelination of median and ulnar nerves in mice.

     

Clinical and Imaging Predictors of Surgical Outcome in Multilevel Cervical Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament: An Analysis of 184 Patients

Objective

To investigate the clinical and imaging predictors of surgical outcomes in patients with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL).

Materials and Methods

From May 2010 to April 2012, a total of 200 consecutive patients with cervical OPLL were recruited for this study. Of them, 184 patients (130 men and 54 women) who could be tracked for more than 24 months after surgery were finally included for analysis. Their demographic, clinical and radiological data were collected preoperatively. The recovery ratio in terms of JOA score was used to assess the outcome of the patients preoperatively and at 2 years postoperatively. A JOA recovery rate less than 50% was considered a poor outcome.

Results

Compared with good outcome group, an older mean age at operation, a longer mean duration of symptoms, a lower mean pre-operativer JOA score, and a higher proportion of diabetics were observed in poor outcome group. Patients in poor outcome group were more likely to present kyphotic cervical alignment, smaller mean transverse area of the spinal cord, and intramedullary signal abnormalities. The result of multivariate stepwise logistic regression showed that a longer duration of symptoms and the presence of T1 hypo-intensity intramedullary changes on MRI were significant risk factors of lower JOA recovery ratios.

Conclusion

A longer duration of symptom, T1 hypointensity on MRI and a history of minor trauma were highly predictive of a poor outcome for patients undergoing surgical treatment of OPLL. Age at operation, the history of diabetes, the preoperative JOA score, the transverse area of the spinal cord and T2 hyper-intensity on MRI were also associated with the prognosis of OPLL.     

盐酸纳美芬用于腹腔镜下宫外孕手术麻醉复苏的临床观察

目的 ：本文旨在探讨盐酸纳美芬用于腹腔镜下宫外孕手术麻醉复苏的临床效果。方法：将50例ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级于腹腔镜下行宫外孕手术患者随机分为两组：盐酸纳美芬组（A组）和对照组（B组）。两组患者分别于手术缝皮结束时静脉注射盐酸纳美芬注射液0.25μg/kg和盐酸纳洛酮4μg/kg。观察并记录手术维持时间,术中输液量、术中输血量、失血量和尿量,术中麻醉用药消耗量。术毕停麻醉用药后自给目的药物起病人恢复自主呼吸时间、呼之睁眼时间、拔管时间、定向力恢复时间和离开手术室时间;同时观察病人离开手术室时的意识及躁动情况。结果：比较两组患者术后自主呼吸恢复时间、呼之睁眼时间、拔管时间、定向力恢复时间和离开手术室时间,纳美芬处理组患者麻醉复苏效果优于对照组（P〈0.05）。A组患者于离开手术室时的意识状态优于B组（P〈0.05）。结论：与纳洛酮相比,盐酸纳美芬用于腹腔镜下宫外孕手术麻醉后复苏临床效果良好且更加稳定,有利于患者麻醉复苏。     

The impact of extended electrodiagnostic studies in Ulnar Neuropathy at the elbow

Background  

This study aimed to explore the value of extended motor nerve conduction studies in patients with ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow (UNE) in order to find the most sensitive and least time-consuming method. We wanted to evaluate the utility of examining both the sensory branch from the fifth finger and the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve. Further we intended to study the clinical symptoms and findings, and a possible correlation between the neurophysiological findings and pain.     

小儿病毒性腹泻的临床预后及危险因素分析

目的:探讨小儿病毒性腹泻的临床预后及危险因素。方法:纳入病例是2018年1月至2019年12月本院收治的200例小儿病毒性腹泻患者,回顾性分析其临床资料,分析小儿病毒性腹泻的临床特点。根据疾病痊愈情况分组,将128例痊愈患者作为实验组,72例未痊愈患者作为参照组,Logistic分析小儿病毒性腹泻患者疾病痊愈的危险因素。结果:200例患者中,HAstV感染121例,占60.50%;HAD感染36例,占18.00%;HUCV感染15例,占7.50%;HRV感染10例,占5.00%;混合感染18例,占9.00%。HAstV类型病毒性腹泻患者临床症状以呼吸道症状、发热、呕吐为主;HAD类型病毒性腹泻患者临床症状以发热、呕吐为主;HUCV类型病毒性腹泻患者临床症状以呼吸道症状、发热为主;HRV类型病毒性腹泻患者临床症状以发热、呕吐为主;混合感染类型病毒性腹泻患者临床症状以呼吸道症状、发热、呕吐为主。年龄、中枢神经损害、心肌损害、近1 w是否接触过腹泻是小儿病毒性腹泻患者疾病痊愈的危险因素,P0.05。结论:小儿病毒性腹泻不同感染类型,临床症状各不相同。小儿病毒性腹泻患者预后与年龄、中枢神经损害、心肌损害、近1 w是否接触过腹泻有着极为密切的联系,应当引起临床重视与关注。     

快速康复配合腹腔穿刺减压治疗胃粘膜下肿瘤术后气腹的效果观察

目的:探讨快速康复护理模式对行腹腔穿刺放气结合胃肠减压处理胃黏膜下肿瘤患者的术后气腹症状,为临床护理工作提供参考。方法:对我院2010年7月至2013年1月收治的43例的胃黏膜下肿瘤患者行EFR手术,对术中及术后各临床资料进行分析。结果:两组患者手术的基本情况无显著性差异(P0.05)。快速康复组患者术后恢复情况优于常规护理组,且术后并发症的发生率低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。快速康复组护理工作的落实率和患者治疗的依从性均明显优于常规护理组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:通过胃肠减压和腹腔穿刺放气能有效改善患者因术中胃壁全层切除产生胃壁穿孔而导致的术后气腹症状,全套操作及护理能够减少患者术后并发症、平均住院时间和平均住院花费,是一种安全有效的处理胃粘膜下肿瘤EFR术后气腹方法。     

真菌球型上颌窦炎鼻内镜下两种手术路径的临床研究

目的:比较鼻内镜下中鼻道联合下鼻道小视窗双路径术和单独下中鼻道开窗术治疗真菌球型上颌窦炎的临床疗效。方法:采用前瞻性随机对照试验,将2013年8月~2015年5月在我院择期行手术治疗的50例真菌球型上颌窦炎患者分为观察组与对照组,每组25例,对照组行鼻内镜单独下中鼻道开窗术,观察组在对照组的基础上联合下鼻道小视窗术。术前及术后6个月采用鼻腔鼻窦结局测试20条量表(SNOT-20)对两组患者进行评分,术后6个月对鼻黏膜纤毛清除功能及疗效进行评估,比较两组手术时间及术中出血量。结果:术后6个月两组SNOT-20量表评分显著低于术前,且观察组显著低于对照组(P0.05)。术后6个月观察组粘膜纤毛传输时间(MTT)显著低于对照组(P0.05)。两组总有效率、手术时间及术中出血量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:鼻内镜下以上两种手术路径治疗真菌球型上颌窦炎的疗效相近,但鼻内镜下中鼻道联合下鼻道小视窗双路径术更有利于减轻患者症状及促进鼻黏膜纤毛清除功能恢复。     

不同剂量右美托咪定对肺癌根治术后认知功能的影响

目的：探讨不同剂量右美托咪定麻醉对肺癌根治术患者术后认知功能的影响。方法：选取我院收治的肺癌根治术患者60 例,根据不同剂量的右美托咪定分为A 组（高剂量）、B组（低剂量组）及C 组（不加右美托咪定）,每组各20 例。比较三组患者治疗 前后超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、丙二醛（MDA）、苏醒时间、拔管时间以及认知功能。结果：三组患者的基线资料及术中情况比较 无差异,P＞0.05;术后SOD 水平呈先降低后升高的趋势,MDA呈先升高后降低的趋势。A组在第三天时SOD值较其他两组高, MDA在第1天与第3 天时较其他两组低,P＜0.05;术后1 天认知程度比较,A 组认知功能较其他两组高,P＜0.05;三组苏醒时间 和拔管时间相比较,A 组明显优于其他两组,P＜0.05。结论：右美托咪定麻醉能够降低氧化应激损伤,影响肺癌根治术患者术后认 知功能,缩短苏醒时间、拔管时间。     

胃癌术后早期肠内营养支持的临床观察

目的:观察胃癌术后早期肠内营养支持的临床效果。方法:将76例患者随机分成早期肠内营养(EEN)组和未施行肠内营养(N-EEN)组(n=38),EEN组于胃癌术后24h经术中放置的鼻空肠管应用能全力进行早期肠内营养,N-EEN为术后静脉营养,术前、术后7天测定血清白蛋白、前白蛋白和体重、记录术后肠蠕动、排气时间和术后并发症。结果:两组肠鸣音恢复时间差异无统计学意义,EEN组术后肛门排气时间明显早于N-EEN组(P<0.05);两组术后体重均低于术前,但N-EEN组体重下降更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后第7天,两组患者血清白蛋白、前白蛋白均较术前下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组白蛋白下降的差异无统计学意义,而N-EEN组前清蛋白下降明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:胃癌术后EEN安全、可靠,具有维护机体代谢平衡、促进肠蠕动的作用,并可减少术后并发症。     

直肠癌切除术患者永久性与临时性造口术后生活质量变化及其与排便症状的相关性研究

摘要 目的：探讨直肠癌切除术患者永久性与临时性造口术后生活质量变化,并分析其生活质量与排便症状的相关性。方法：纳入我院2017年4月～2020年4月收治的直肠癌切除术患者110例,所有纳入者均行造口术。根据造口方式,分成永久性造口组（简称永久组,n=41）、临时性造口组（简称临时组,n=69）。记录两组造口并发症发生率,分别在患者术后1、3、6个月,采用简明生活质量量表（SF-36）评估其生活质量,采用排便症状量表评估患者排便症状的变化。经Pearson线性相关分析患者生活质量评分与排便症状评分的相关性。结果：临时组造口并发症发生率（8.90%）与永久组（12.20%）比较无差异（P＞0.05）。两组术后3、6个月SF-36各维度评分均高于术后1个月,术后6个月各评分高于术后3个月,且临时组术后3个月SF-36各维度评分高于永久组（P＜0.05）,但两组术后6个月各评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）。两组术后3、6个月大便症状各评分均低于术后1个月,术后6个月的排便急迫感、排便费力、里急后重评分及总分低于术后3个月,且临时组术后3个月的排便急迫感、排便费力、里急后重评分及总分低于永久组（P＜0.05）,但两组术后6个月排便症状各评分比较未见差异（P＞0.05）。Pearson线性相关分析显示,排便症状总分与机体疼痛、躯体功能、躯体角色受限、情感角色受限、心理健康、社会功能、总体健康评分呈负相关（P＜0.05）。结论：直肠癌切除术患者临时性造口能够进一步促进术后3个月生活质量、排便功能的改善,在术后6个月,永久性造口患者的生活质量、排便功能基本达到临时性造口患者的状态,且排便功能与生活质量具有相关性。     

Outcome following Nerve Repair of High Isolated Clean Sharp Injuries of the Ulnar Nerve

Objective

The detailed outcome of surgical repair of high isolated clean sharp (HICS) ulnar nerve lesions has become relevant in view of the recent development of distal nerve transfer. Our goal was to determine the outcome of HICS ulnar nerve repair in order to create a basis for the optimal management of these lesions.

Methods

High ulnar nerve lesions are defined as localized in the area ranging from the proximal forearm to the axilla just distal to the branching of the medial cord of the brachial plexus. A meta-analysis of the literature concerning high ulnar nerve injuries was performed. Additionally, a retrospective study of the outcome of nerve repair of HICS ulnar nerve injuries at our institution was performed. The Rotterdam Intrinsic Hand Myometer and the Rosén-Lundborg protocol were used.

Results

The literature review identified 46 papers. Many articles presented outcomes of mixed lesion groups consisting of combined ulnar and median nerves, or the outcome of high and low level injuries was pooled. In addition, outcome was expressed using different scoring systems. 40 patients with HICS ulnar nerve lesions were found with sufficient data for further analysis. In our institution, 15 patients had nerve repair with a median interval between trauma and reconstruction of 17 days (range 0–516). The mean score of the motor and sensory domain of the Rosen''s Scale instrument was 58% and 38% of the unaffected arm, respectively. Two-point discrimination never reached less then 12 mm.

Conclusion

From the literature, it was not possible to draw a definitive conclusion on outcome of surgical repair of HICS ulnar nerve lesions. Detailed neurological function assessment of our own patients showed that some ulnar nerve function returned. Intrinsic muscle strength recovery was generally poor. Based on this study, one might cautiously argue that repair strategies of HICS ulnar nerve lesions need to be improved.     

氢吗啡酮术后镇痛对直肠癌Dixon 术后肠功能的影响

目的:探讨氢吗啡酮术后镇痛对直肠癌患者Dixon术后肠功能恢复的影响。方法:选择直肠癌行Dixon术的患者36例,随机分为氢吗啡酮组(H组)和吗啡组(M组),每组18人。两组患者均行静脉自控术后镇痛,其中H组镇痛药物采用氢吗啡酮+昂丹司琼,而MS组则采用吗啡+昂丹司琼。术后常规医疗处理。结果:两组患者在年龄、性别、文化程度无统计学差异(P0.05)。两组患者术后VAS评分及HR、MAP变化均没有统计学差异(P0.05)。与M组相比,H组患者术后不良反应的发生率明显降低(P0.05),肠鸣音恢复时间、术后第一次排气时间和第一次排便时间均明显缩短(P0.05)。结论:相对于吗啡,氢吗啡酮用于术后镇痛更有利于直肠癌患者术后肠功能的恢复,并减少术后不良反应的发生率。     

活血止痛熏洗剂联合功能康复训练对踝关节骨折术后功能恢复及生活质量的影响

目的:探讨活血止痛熏洗剂联合功能康复训练对踝关节骨折术后功能恢复及生活质量的影响。方法:将150例踝关节骨折患者,按照随机数字表格法分为观察组与对照组,各75例。观察组患者于手术后2周给予活血止痛熏洗剂联合功能康复训练,对照组手术后单纯给予功能康复。比较两组患者治疗前后功能恢复情况及生活质量变化。结果:观察组的有效率为88.0%,高于对照组的69.3%,两组比较差异显著具有统计学意义(X~2=7.786,P0.05)。治疗后,观察组的症候功能积分低于对照组,观察组的AIMS2-SF生活质量积分高于对照组,两组比较差异著性(P0.05)。结论:活血止痛熏洗剂联合功能康复训练治疗踝关节骨折术后的临床疗效确切,患者症状明显改善,患者生活质量显著提高,临床上应该推广应用。     

舒芬太尼和右美托咪定对胃癌术后镇痛效果对比及对术后快速康复的影响

目的:探讨舒芬太尼和右美托咪定对胃癌术后镇痛效果对比及对术后快速康复的影响.方法:选取我院2017年6月到2019年12月共收治的200例胃癌患者进行对比研究,所有患者在行胃癌根治术后均要求进行术后镇痛,依照随机分组法将患者分为A组(n=67)、B组(n=66)和C组(n=67),A组患者给予2 μg/kg舒芬太尼,B...     

Traumatic Pseudoaneurysm of Axillary Artery Combined with Brachial Plexus Injury

Traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the axillary artery combined with brachial plexus injury is extremely rare. The factors that influence the symptoms and functional recovery related to this condition are unclear. Nine patients who had sustained this trauma were surgically treated at our unit between June 1999 and November 2010. The cause of trauma, symptoms, signs and examinations of neurological and vascular deficits, and the surgical findings of the involved nerves and vessels were recorded in detail. The functional recovery of vessels and nerves, as well as the extent of pain, were evaluated, respectively. The average length of patient follow-up was 4.5 years (range, 24 months to 11.3 years). After vessel repair, whether by endovascular or operative treatment, the distending, constant, and pulsating pain was relieved in all patients. Furthermore, examination of the radial artery pulse on the repaired side appeared normal at last follow-up. All patients showed satisfactory sensory recovery, with motor recovery rated as good in five patients and fair in four patients. The symptom characteristics varied with the location of the damage to the axillary artery. Ultrasound examination and computed tomography angiography are useful to evaluate vascular injury and provide valuable information for operative planning. Surgical exploration is an effective therapy with results related to the nerve injury condition of the brachial plexus.     

达芬奇机器人辅助腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术的临床疗效及术后短期尿控恢复的影响因素分析

摘要 目的：观察达芬奇机器人辅助腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术（RALRP）的临床疗效,并分析术后尿控恢复的影响因素。方法：选取2020年3月~2023年1月期间山东第一医科大学附属省立医院收治的腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术182例作为研究对象,根据手术方式的不同将患者分为A组（n=81,传统腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术）和B组（n=101,RALRP）。记录两组手术时间、术后1个月的尿控率、术中出血量、住院时间、尿管拔除时间、引流管拔除时间、术后并发症的发生率。针对RALRP患者,多因素Logistic回归分析术后短期尿控恢复的影响因素。结果：B组手术时间、引流管拔除时间、尿管拔除时间、住院时间短于A组,术中出血量少于A组（P<0.05）。B组术后1个月的尿控率高于A组（P<0.05）。B组的术后并发症的发生率低于A组（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,糖尿病、经尿道前列腺电切术（TURP）史是术后尿控恢复的危险因素,而规律提肛锻炼、保留神经血管束（NVB）是术后尿控恢复的保护因素（P<0.05）。结论：RALRP治疗前列腺癌患者,可缩短手术时间、引流管拔除时间、尿管拔除时间、住院时间,减少术中出血量,同时还可提高术后1个月的尿控率,降低并发症发生率。此外,糖尿病、规律提肛锻炼、保留NVB、TURP史等均是RALRP患者术后短期尿控恢复的影响因素,值得引起重视。     

乳腺癌根治术患者术前焦虑的影响因素分析及其对术后恢复、细胞免疫功能和生命质量的影响

摘要 目的：分析乳腺癌根治术患者术前焦虑的影响因素,并探讨术前焦虑对患者术后恢复、细胞免疫功能和生命质量的影响。方法：选择我院2020年3月~2021年12月期间收治的拟行乳腺癌根治术的120例患者作为研究对象,术前1 d采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）评估所有患者的焦虑状况,根据是否存在焦虑分为焦虑组和无焦虑组,乳腺癌根治术患者术前焦虑的影响因素采用多因素Logistic回归分析。对比焦虑组和无焦虑组的术后恢复、细胞免疫功能和生命质量情况。结果：120例乳腺癌根治术患者中,有31例患者无术前焦虑,89例患者存在焦虑症状,根据是否存在术前焦虑分为焦虑组（n=89）和无焦虑组（n=31）。乳腺癌根治术患者术前焦虑与年龄、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、付费方式、婚姻状况、家庭支持、既往有无全麻史、术前住院时长、定期体检有关（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明：年龄＜60岁、文化程度为小学及其以下、家庭人均月收入＜3000元、婚姻状况为未婚、无家庭支持、既往无全麻史、术前住院时长>1 d是乳腺癌根治术患者术前焦虑的危险因素（P<0.05）。焦虑组的术后首次肛门排气时间、首次下床活动时间、术后住院时间均长于无焦虑组（P<0.05）。两组术后1个月CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平升高,且无焦虑组高于焦虑组（P<0.05）,两组术后1个月CD8⁺水平下降,且无焦虑组低于焦虑组（P<0.05）。两组术后1个月生理状况、情感状况、社会/家庭状况、功能状况、附加关注评分和总分下降,且无焦虑组低于焦虑组（P<0.05）。结论：乳腺癌根治术患者术前焦虑发生率较高,其发生受到年龄、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、婚姻状况、家庭支持、既往有无全麻史、术前住院时长等多种因素的影响,可导致患者术后恢复时间延长,细胞免疫功能和生命质量降低。     

Long-term survival after isolated replacement of mitral valve with ball-valve prosthesis.

In 111 patients whose diseases mitral valve was replaced with a ball-valve prosthesis the actuarial survival rate, including the hospital mortality of 10.8%, was 66% after 5 years and 59% after 8 years of follow-up. This suggests that in patients with moderate or severe symptoms due to mitral valve disease, replacing the valve can prolong life. However, in patients with no cardiac symptoms or with sinus rhythm and mild symptoms, it is doubtful that mitral valve replacement can prolong life, for the prognosis in these patients is favourable without operation.