2009年度预防医学国家自然科学基金受理项目同行评议浅析

同行评议是国家自然科学基金申请项目评审的一种基本方法。该文对2009年度预防医学学科受理项目的同行评议结果做了简要的分析,供关心预防医学国家自然科学基金事业的人士参考。     

医院开展灾害医学救援的几点思考

军队医院担负＂平时应急,战时应战＂的双重使命,平战时期任务均繁重.近年广西西南地区发生百年不遇的旱灾,我院派出应急救援医疗队,由于平时的思想教育到位,人员行动高度统一;雄厚的技术支持和充分的物质准备,加上快速有效的组织指挥,一接到上级命令后,连夜启动旱灾医学救援预案,迅速赶赴旱区与当地政府和其他救援队伍一起开展旱区的医学救援工作,保证了旱区群众伤病得到及时救治以及灾后无大疫的目的,促进了旱区群众的抗旱积极性.现将此次旱区应急医学救援的成功经验总结如下.     

对生物入侵的几点思考

生物入侵涉及异地迁徙及建群等复杂问题,涉及个体、种群、群落、生态系统等生态学的各个层次,又必不可少地要深入地去探索生物入侵过程中的快速进化和分子生态学基础。生物系统的超级复杂性加上环境和人为因素的极度随机性,充分显示了在这一领域从事研究的艰巨性和挑战性。入侵种具有两面性,因此,预防比治理更为关键。为了应对生物入侵,有待建立完善的国家和地区的防控系统、提高技术水平并加强有关诸多经济因素对生物入侵的影响的研究。     

对文献检索课程教学的几点思考

文献检索课程是一门基于学生获取信息能力培养的课程。但是,长期以来文献检索课程作为一门选修课程在高职院校的人才培养方案体系中一直处于边缘化状态,没有受到应有的重视。该课程在教学环境、学内容、教材运用、师资力量等方面还存在着一些不尽如人意的地方。要加大对文献检索课程的宣传力度、优化教材内容、配备完善的教学资源、加强师资队伍建设,才能使文献检索课程能够适应现代化、数字化飞速发展的时代。     

对农业机械购置补贴的几点思考

农机具购置补贴是我国重要的农业补贴政策,极大地提高了农业机械化程度和机械化水平。要加强政策宣传,确保公正公开;围绕补贴政策,切实提高农业机械装备水平;狠抓服务环节,调解购机户后顾之忧;加强监督监管。     

对基层林业工作发展的几点思考

林业是经济和社会可持续发展的重要基础,是生态建设最根本、最长期的措施。应围绕普法抓宣传,增强法律意识;提高科技含量,强化科技推广;落实管护责任,加强森林资源监管;准确把握\"四个结合\";增加投入,提高林业站建设标准等。     

对中国动物地理学研究的几点思考

鉴于当今中国动物地理学研究中存在的问题,作者就以下三个方面,提出自己的见解:1 在动物地理区划研究中,加强地理迭合探讨,有助于解决我国境内古北-东洋分界线的争议和关于建立“西藏界”的建议;2 在栖息地研究中应加强综合观点,景观动物生态地理学方向值得提倡;3 文化生物地理学研究中,应注意我国具有十分悠久农业文化历史的影响。     

对公立医院岗位绩效评价研究的几点思考

根据公立医院改革的实际,对公立医院岗位绩效评价研究的若干问题进行了思考,对研究需要理清的理论基础、方法学和指标体系建立3个关键环节进行了分析,提出了研究需要解决的问题和建议,为公立医院岗位绩效评价研究提供参考。     

对创建高效数学课堂的几点思考

课堂导入是高效教学结构中的重要一环。课堂教学的效率是决定学生成绩的重要因素之一。要打造数学高效课堂,就要让数学课动起来。     

对人血清胆固醇正常值的几点思考

高胆固醇血症是动脉粥样硬化的主要危险因子之一,这点已经通过动物实验、病理解剖、临床医学以及国际范围内大规模的比较分析、回顾性分析及前瞻性分析的科研协作,得到一致公认。因此,积极预防和治疗高胆固醇血症已经成为防治动脉粥样硬化的一个重要措施。 所谓高胆固醇血症,就是指血清或血浆胆固醇浓度增高超过正常值的上界,特别是低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的增高,伴有动脉粥样硬化发病率增高的趋势。人血清胆固醇正常值,由于测定方法不一及所选人群     

高中生网络使用状况与网络成瘾知识调查与分析

目的：对高中生网络使用状况和网络成瘾知识进行调查,为学校网络教育提供依据。方法：采用问卷调查法,对北京某高中高二学生进行整群抽样。结果：学生上网目的主要依次为游戏、听歌看电影、获取信息、学习,对网络成瘾有关的知识知晓率较高,但也存在一些网络成瘾的不良行为。结论：调查对象对网络使用较为健康,网络教育尚需加强。     

Algae on the internet

Increasingly electronic communication and a variety of electronic resources are accessible to a larger group of people within the scientific community. This paper outlines the range of resources that are available, and comments on their current and future value to the phycological community. Resources discussed include mailing lists and newsgroups. These are useful tools for rapid, informal, targeted communication, although the technology employed places limitations on the type and format of information which may be distributed. The World Wide Web (WWW) has the potential to overcome these limitations, the quality, complexity and value to the phycological community of the sites on the WWW are extremely variable, with some material being of dubious quality. However, it is possible to access high quality resources including culture collection catalogues, high quality images and microbial and molecular databases. As well as some of the current resources, this paper discusses some possible directions for the future of phycology on the internet.http://wiua.nwi.ac.uk/     

Perspectives from early career researchers on the publication process in ecology – a response to Statzner & Resh (2010)

1. Two senior ecologists summarised their experience of the scientific publication process ( Statzner & Resh, Freshwater Biology, 2010 ; 55 , 2639) to generate discussion, particularly among early career researchers (ECRs). As a group of eight ECRs, we comment on the six trends they described. 2. We generally agree with most of the trends identified by Statzner & Resh (2010) , but also highlight a number of divergent perspectives and provide recommendations for change. Trends of particular concern are the use of inappropriate metrics to evaluate research quality (e.g. impact factor) and the salami slicing of papers to increase paper count. We advocate a transparent and comprehensive system for evaluating the research. 3. We stress the importance of impartiality and independence in the peer review process. We therefore suggest implementation of double‐blind review and quality control measures for reviewers and possibly editors. Besides such structural changes, editors should be confident to overrule biased reviewer recommendations, while reviewers should provide helpful reviews but be explicit if a submission does not meet quality standards. Authors should always conduct a thorough literature search and acknowledge historical scientific ideas and methods. Additionally, authors should report low‐quality copy editing and reviews to the editors. 4. Both early and late career researchers should jointly implement these recommendations to reverse the negative trends identified by Statzner & Resh (2010) . However, more senior scientists will always have to take the lead with respect to structural changes in the publication system given that they occupy the majority of decision‐making positions.     

利用互联网预测cDNA蛋白质产物的结构和功能

人类基因组计划预计近两三年内即可完成,我们将会得到许多序列已知但未知功能的cDNA。本简单介绍利用互联网上信息资源分析cDNA序列和预测它所编码的蛋白质的结构和功能的方法和常用工具。     

The virtual workplace: integration of research approaches and fundamental skills into an upper level biology course

Undergraduate science education is based on a model developed in the decade following World War II. It has undergone no fundamental changes since then with courses that combine lectures and laboratory experiments. Traditional courses are typically based on individual performance and much of that performance is evaluated by tests and examinations. At the same time, the modern workplace has undergone revolutionary changes that are characterized by: interdisciplinary approaches; work in teams; the exponential growth of scientific information; the rapid turnover in projects; the need for continued retraining; multiple career tracks; the globalization of science and industry; and the pervasive use of electronic communications and information systems. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 24, 310–313. Received 02 April 1999/ Accepted in revised form 01 January 2000     

Early development of the cranial sensory nervous system: from a common field to individual placodes

Sensory placodes are unique columnar epithelia with neurogenic potential that develop in the vertebrate head ectoderm next to the neural tube. They contribute to the paired sensory organs and the cranial sensory ganglia generating a wide variety of cell types ranging from lens fibres to sensory receptor cells and neurons. Although progress has been made in recent years to identify the molecular players that mediate placode specification, induction and patterning, the processes that initiate placode development are not well understood. One hypothesis suggests that all placode precursors arise from a common territory, the pre-placodal region, which is then subdivided to generate placodes of specific character. This model implies that their induction begins through molecular and cellular mechanisms common to all placodes. Embryological and molecular evidence suggests that placode induction is a multi-step process and that the molecular networks establishing the pre-placodal domain as well as the acquisition of placodal identity are surprisingly similar to those used in Drosophila to specify sensory structures.