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1.
Environmental enrichment (EE) is an integral aspect of modern zoo animal management but, empirical evaluation of it is biased toward species housed in single‐species groups. Nocturnal houses, where several nocturnal species are housed together, are particularly overlooked. This study investigated whether three species (nine‐banded armadillos, Dasypus novemcinctus; Senegal bush babies, Galago senegalensis; two‐toed sloths, Choloepus didactylus) in the nocturnal house at Paignton Zoo Environmental Park, UK could be enriched using food‐based and sensory EE. Subjects were an adult male and female of each species. EE was deemed effective if it promoted target species‐typical behaviors, behavioral diversity, and increased use of enriched exhibit zones. Results from generalized linear mixed models demonstrated that food‐based EE elicited the most positive behavioral effects across species. One set of food‐based EEs (Kong®, termite mound and hanging food) presented together was associated with a significant increase in species‐typical behaviors, increased behavioral diversity, and increased use of enriched exhibit zones in armadillos and bush babies. Although one type of sensory EE (scented pine cones) increased overall exhibit use in all species, the other (rainforest sounds) was linked to a significant decrease in species‐typical behavior in bush babies and sloths. There were no intra or interspecies conflicts over EE, and commensalism occurred between armadillos and bush babies. Our data demonstrate that simple food‐based and sensory EE can promote positive behavioral changes in a mixed‐species nocturnal mammal exhibit. We suggest that both food and sensory EE presented concurrently will maximize opportunities for naturalistic activity in all species. Zoo Biol 31:397–413, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
2.
Yann Froelicher Wafa Mouhaya Jean-Baptiste Bassene Gilles Costantino Mourad Kamiri Francois Luro Raphael Morillon Patrick Ollitrault 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2011,7(1):49-61
The aim of this work was to provide a set of mitochondrial markers to reveal polymorphism and to study the maternal phylogeny
in citrus. We first used 44 universal markers previously described in the literature: nine of these markers produced amplification
products but only one revealed polymorphism in citrus. We then designed six conserved pairs of primers using the complete
mitochondrial DNA sequences of Arabidopsis thaliana and Beta vulgaris to amplify polymorphic intergenic and intronic regions. From these six pairs of primers, three from introns of genes coding
for NADH dehydrogenase subunits 2, 5, and 7, revealed polymorphism in citrus. First, we confirmed that citrus have a maternal
mitochondrial inheritance in two populations of 250 and 120 individuals. We then conducted a phylogenic study using four polymorphic
primers on 77 genotypes representing the diversity of Citrus and two related genera. Seven mitotypes were identified. Six mitotypes (Poncirus, Fortunella, Citrus medica, Citrus micrantha, Citrus reticulata, and Citrus maxima) were congruent with previous taxonomic investigations. The seventh mitotype enabled us to distinguish an acidic mandarin
group (‘Cleopatra’, ‘Sunki’ and ‘Shekwasha’) from other mandarins and revealed a maternal relationship with Citrus limonia (‘Rangpur’ lime, ‘Volkamer’ lemon) and Citrus jambhiri (‘Rough’ lemon). This mitotype contained only cultivated species used as rootstocks due to their good tolerances to abiotic
stress. Our results also suggest that two species classified by Swingle and Reece, Citrus limon, and Citrus aurantifolia, have multiple maternal cytoplasmic origins. 相似文献
3.
J.-M. Lacape D. Dessauw M. Rajab J.-L. Noyer B. Hau 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2007,19(1):45-58
A series of 320 mapped simple sequence repeats (SSRs) have been used to screen the allelic diversity of tetraploid Gossypium species. Fourty-seven genotypes were analyzed representing (i) the wide spectrum of diversity of the cultivated pool and
of the primitive landraces of species G. hirsutum (‘marie-galante’, ‘punctatum’, ‘richmondi’, ‘morrilli’, ‘palmeri’, and ‘latifolium’, and ‘yucatanense’), and (ii) species
G. barbadense, G. darwinii and G. tomentosum. The polymorphism of 201 SSR loci revealed 1128 allelic variants ranging from 3 to 17 per locus. Neighbor-joining (NJ) method
based on genetic dissimilarities produced groupings consistent with the assignments of accessions both at species and at race
level. Our data confirmed the proximity of the Galapagos endemic species G. darwinii to species G. barbadense. Within species G. hirsutum, and as compared to the other 6 races, race yucatanense appeared as the most distant from cultivated genotypes. Race yucatanense
also exhibited the highest number of unique alleles. The important informative heterogeneity of the 201 SSR loci was exploited
to select the most polymorphic ones that were assembled into three series of genome-wide (i.e. each homoeologous AD chromosome
pair being equally represented) and mutliplexable (× 3) SSRs. Using one of these ‘genotyping set’, consisting of 39 SSRs (one
3-plex for each of the 13 AD chromosomes pairs) or 45 loci, we were able to assess the relationships between accessions and
the topology in the genetic diversity sampled. Such genotyping set of highly informative SSR markers assembled in PCR-multiplex,
while increasing genotyping throughput, will be applicable for molecular genetic diversity studies of large germplasm collections.
Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献
4.
M.J. Iqbal O.U.K. Reddy K.M. El-Zik A.E. Pepper 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,103(4):547-554
Reliable information about the evolutionary and genetic relationships of various germplasm resources is essential to the establishment
of rational strategies for crop improvement. We used AFLPs to study the genetic relationships of 43 cultivars of Gossypium hirsutum representative of the genomic composition of modern ’Upland’ cotton. The study also included representatives of the related
tetraploid species Gossypium barbadense, as well as the diploid species Gossypium raimondii, Gossypium incanum, Gossypium herbaceum and Gossypium arboreum. We tested 20 primer combinations that resulted in a total of 3,178 fragments. At the species level, and above, genetic similarities
based on AFLPs were in agreement with the known taxonomic relationships. Similarity indices ranged from 0.25 to 0.99. Representatives
of the G. hirsutum germplasm resources utilized in North America, including secondary accessions collected by breeders in Central America (’Acala’,
’Tuxtla’, ’Kekchi’) and the southwestern US (’Hopi Moencopi’), formed a single cluster with exceedingly limited genetic diversity
(with many pairwise similarity indices >0.96) We concluded that these accessions were derived from the same genetic pool.
The early maturing or ’latifolium’ or ’Mexican Highlands’ cultigens from which these cultivars were derived appear to have
had extremely limited genetic diversity, perhaps as a result of a severe genetic bottleneck resulting from the selection pressures
of domestication. Outside of the major G. hirsutum cluster, well-supported phylogenies were inferred. Inside this cluster, phylogenies were obscured by limited diversity, reticulation
and lineage sorting. The implications of these findings for cotton improvement are discussed.
Received: 23 May 2000 / Accepted: 23 January 2001 相似文献
5.
Fish that feed on individual zooplankton usually exhibit strong selectivity for large prey. Such selectivity can result from the predator’s active choice of larger prey or from differential encounter rate due to lower detectability of small prey, or both. In diurnal fishes, selectivity is thought to be determined mostly by active choice. In spite of a lack of direct observations, active choice is also considered the prevailing mechanism of prey selectivity in nocturnal fishes. Our objective was to resolve this mechanism in the highly selective, nocturnal zooplanktivorous fish Apogon annularis. Laboratory experiments indicated that the fish’s encounter rate with small prey was lower than that with large prey and that its selectivity became stronger with decreasing light intensity. Feeding efficiency, defined as the ratio between feeding and encounter rates, ranged 41–89% and was positively correlated with prey size. When feeding on a mixture of prey sizes, the fish fed on each size group at a rate similar to that of its feeding on the respective size alone, indicating that selectivity in A. annularis was due to size-dependent encounter rate and differential feeding efficiency. A low visual acuity in A. annularis, as inferred from its inability to detect small prey (<0.9 mm in length), together with the low abundance of large zooplankton in situ, can explain the dominance of differential encounter over active choice in this nocturnal coral-reef fish. 相似文献
6.
The body-size hypothesis predicts that nest attendance is positively related to body size among waterfowl and that recess
duration is inversely related to body size. Several physiological and behavioral characteristics of Ross’s geese (Chen rossii) suggest that females of this species should maintain high nest attendance despite their relatively small body size. Accordingly,
we used 8-mm films to compare the incubation behavior of Ross’s geese to that of the larger, closely-related lesser snow geese
(C. caerulescens caerulescens; hereafter, snow geese) nesting sympatrically at Karrak lake, Nunavut, Canada in 1993. We found that nest attendance averaged
99% for both species. Our results offer no support for the body-size hypothesis. We suggest that temperature requirements
of embryos in relation to short incubation duration and a low foraging efficiency of females select for high nest attendance
in both snow geese and Ross’s geese. 相似文献
7.
Alexander Gruhl 《Zoomorphology》2008,127(3):143-159
8.
N. Friesen R. Fritsch K. Bachmann 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(8):1229-1238
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) methods have been used to verify the hybridogenic
origin and to identify the parental species of some ornamental cultivars in the subgenus Melanocrommyum of the genus Allium. The cultivars had been selected from seed obtained after uncontrolled pollination in breeders’ fields. The combination of
GISH analysis with RAPD markers is very suitable for testing the hybridogenic origin of plants and to ascertain the parental
species of the hybrids in such cases. As suspected, A. macleanii and A. cristophii are the parental species of ‘Globemaster’. The parental species of cultivar ‘Globus’ are A. karataviense and A. stipitatum, and not A. cristophii and A. giganteum as has been assumed on morphological grounds. Cultivars ‘Lucy Ball’ and ‘Gladiator’ are of hybrid origin, though only one
of the parental species, A. hollandicum, could be confirmed. The cultivars ‘Purple Sensation’, ‘Mount Everest’, ‘White Giant’, ‘Michael H. Hoog’ and ‘Mars’ are not
hybrids since neither GISH nor RAPD suggest the presence of a second genome. ‘Purple Sensation’ belongs to A. hollandicum, ‘Mount Everest’, ‘White Giant’ and ‘Mars’ to A. stipitatum,‘Michael H. Hoog’ to A. rosenorum.
Received: 3 July 1997 / Accepted: 9 October 1997 相似文献
9.
Summary The ultrastructure of the cephalic cuticle of 6 of 7 representative genera of Stilbonematinae (Eubostrichus, Catanema, Laxus, Robbea, Leptonemella, Stilbonema) is investigated using SEM and TEM techniques. Additionally, one species of Spirinia (Spiriniinae) and one of Desmodora (Desmodorinae) were studied for outgroup comparison. Most of the studied species show modifications of the cephalic cuticle.
Furthermore, at least four different pathways have been developed to reinforce the head within Stilbonematinae. Species with
a coarsely annulated somatic cuticle (Leptonemella sp., Stilbonema majum, and Desmodora ovigera) developed a rigid, non-annulated cephalic capsule by modifying the main constructing element of the median zone, the ’’ring
body.’’ In faintly annulated Laxus oneistus, the annulated cephalic capsule results from a newly inserted ’’block layer’’ between the median and basal zone. The non-annulated
cephalic capsule of Robbea sp. is formed by both the block layer and the ring body element. The annulated capsule of Catanema sp. stems from a doubled number of fiber layers within the basal zone. In Spirinia sp., only the amphidial region is strengthened in what could be termed an amphidial shield. All forms with cephalic capsules
show mechanisms to keep the oral region pliable. Only Eubostrichus
topiarius lacks a reinforcement of the cephalic cuticle. A comparison with the literature is made to elucidate corresponding structures
within the cephalic capsules of representatives of Desmodorida. It is demonstrated that the presence of a cephalic cuticle
is of no systematic value above the genus level.
Accepted: 3 March 1996 相似文献
10.
Masayuki Mizuno Takao Itioka Yoshihiro Tatematsu Yosiaki Itô 《Ecological Research》1997,12(3):239-248
We examined food utilization in a community of aphidophagous hoverfly larvae (Diptera: Syrphidae and Chamaemyiidae) in open
lands in an urban habitat in central Japan for 3 years. The community consisted of 17 hoverfly species feeding on 20 aphid
species occurring on 14 species of dominant herbaceous plants. In terms of larval prey preference, the dominant eight species
of hoverfly were categorized into three groups: a polyphagous ‘generalist’ group consisting of four species,Episyrphus balteatus, Betasyrphus serarius, Syrphus vitripennis andSphaerophoria sp.; an oligophagous ‘specialist’ group consisting of three species,Metasyrphus hakiensis, Dideoides latus andParagus hemorrhous; andLeucopis puncticornis, which showed a preference for two aphid species on the plantTorilis scabra. The prey aphids of the second group have behavioral or morphological defense mechanisms that are effective for preventing
attacks by generalist hoverflies; two prey aphids are aggressive toward generalist predators and the others are protected
by ant-attendance. The specialist hoverflies seem to be adapted to overcome these defense mechanisms. The prey ranges overlapped
little between the generalist and the specialist groups, while those within the generalist group overlapped greatly. 相似文献
11.
Four new and one unidentified species of Neohaliotrema Yamaguti, 1965 were obtained from the gills of the Indo-Pacific sergeant Abudefduf vaigensis (Quoy & Gaimard) off Pulau Langkawi, Malaysia. The five species, N. malayense n. sp., N. bombini n. sp., N. andamanense n. sp., N. parvum n. sp. and an unidentified Neohaliotrema sp. (similar to N. macracanthum Zhukov, 1976), are described and distinguished based mainly on features of the haptor. Species of this genus are divisible
into two groups, the ‘maomao group’, with two pairs of morphometrically modified ‘marginal’ hooks and a fenestrated haptor,
and the ‘gracile group’, with morphologically similar marginal hooks and an entire haptor. With the exception of N. bombini n. sp., the species described fit within the ‘maomao group’. It is suggested that the more complex Neohaliotrema species of the ‘maomao group’ have modified hooks 1 and 2 on a haptoral ‘isthmus’ between two large apertures, i.e. ‘windows’,
whereas the less complex species lacking these features are those of the ‘gracile group’. Neohaliotrema spp. have only a single pair of pigmented eye-spots. A fenestrated haptor is unique to the Neohaliotrema spp. of the ‘maomao group’. The generic diagnosis of Neohaliotrema is amended to include new data and a key to its known species is presented. 相似文献
12.
Strict paternal inheritance of chloroplast DNA and maternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA in intraspecific crosses of kiwifruit 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
J. Chat L. Chalak R. J. Petit 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,99(1-2):314-322
Previous studies have established that chloroplasts are inherited paternally in Actinidia interspecific crosses. However, fertilisation problems in interspecific crosses may affect the transmission of organelles.
Six female clones, i.e. ‘Abbott’, ‘Bruno’, ‘Greensill’, ‘Hayward’, ‘Jones’, ‘Monty’, and four male clones were used to identify
cpDNA polymorphisms within the cultivated kiwifruit species A. deliciosa. The restriction patterns by HpaII of a chloroplast fragment amplified by PCR with a pair of universal primers revealed a polymorphism at the intraspecific
level. The inheritance of cpDNA in 143 seedlings from three intraspecific crosses in kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) was studied. All offspring displayed the restriction pattern of the paternal parent, indicating that maternal inheritance
of cpDNA in kiwifruit is rare at best. Strict maternal inheritance of mtDNA was confirmed in the same crosses used to investigate
cpDNA transmission. Studies of cytoplasmic inheritance in the Actinidia genus represent to date the best documented report of differential organelle inheritance of cpDNA and mtDNA in angiosperms.
Received: 10 November 1998 / Accepted: 14 December 1998 相似文献
13.
The relationship between three genera considered basal in the Chromodorididae (Cadlina, Tyrinna, Cadlinella) has not yet been resolved by traditional morphological means. Here we examined the sperm ultrastructure of Tyrinna nobilis, Tyrinna evelinae, Cadlina flavomaculata and Cadlina cf. nigrobranchiata, with the expectation of finding phylogenetically informative characters. No Tyrinna or Cadlina species showed sperm similarities to Cadlinella. Both Cadlina species and Tyrinna nobilis (but not T. evelinae) exhibited coarse striations in the acrosomal pedestal. The putative fibers that occurred between the coarse striations of the pedestal are condensed into a layer in Cadlina and Tyrinna, but not in other species that also have coarse striations (Gymnodoris), and may constitute evidence for a close relationship. Tyrinna evelinae possessed fine acrosomal striations, which was shared with other Chromodorididae, Actinocyclidae and the cryptobranchs Rostanga and Aphelodoris. We also examined the sperm ultrastructure of ‘Chromodoris’ ambiguus, an animal which has shown molecular affinities to species of Cadlina, and not Chromodoris. The sperm of ‘C.’ ambiguus did not exhibit the typical Cadlina characteristics, but also showed important differences to other investigated Chromodoris species. 相似文献
14.
De la Fuente IM Benitez N Santamaria A Aguirregabiria JM Veguillas J 《Bulletin of mathematical biology》1999,61(3):573-595
In an attempt to improve the understanding of complex metabolic dynamic phenomena, we have analysed several ‘metabolic networks’,
dynamical systems which, under a single formulation, take into account the activity of several catalytic dissipative structures,
interconnected by substrate fluxes and regulatory signals. These metabolic networks exhibit a rich variety of self-organized
dynamic patterns, with e.g., phase transitions emerging in the whole activity of each network. We apply Hurst’s R/S analysis to several time series generated by these metabolic networks, and measure Hurst exponents H < 0.5 in most cases. This value of H, indicative of antipersistent processes, is detected at very high significance levels, estimated with detailed Monte Carlo
simulations. These results show clearly the considered type of metabolic networks exhibit long-term memory phenomena. 相似文献
15.
Accumulation of additive effects generates a strong photoperiod sensitivity in the extremely late-heading rice cultivar ‘Nona Bokra’ 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Uga Y Nonoue Y Liang ZW Lin HX Yamamoto S Yamanouchi U Yano M 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,114(8):1457-1466
Many rice cultivars that originated from lower-latitude regions exhibit a strong photoperiod sensitivity (PS) and show extremely
late heading under long-day conditions. Under natural day-length conditions during the cropping season in Japan, the indica rice cultivar ‘Nona Bokra’ from India showed extremely late heading (202 days to heading) compared to the japonica cultivar ‘Koshihikari’ (105 days), from Japan. To elucidate the genetic factors associated with such extremely late heading,
we performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses of heading date using an F2 population and seven advanced backcross progeny (one BC1F2 and six BC2F2) derived from a cross between ‘Nona Bokra’ and ‘Koshihikari’. The analyses revealed 12 QTLs on seven chromosomes. The ‘Nona
Bokra’ alleles of all QTLs contributed to an increase in heading date. Digenic interactions were rarely observed between QTLs.
Based on the genetic parameters of the QTLs, such as additive effects and percentage of phenotypic variance explained, these
12 QTLs are likely generate a large proportion of the phenotypic variation observed in the heading dates between ‘Nona Bokra’
and ‘Koshihikari’. Comparison of chromosomal locations between heading date QTLs detected in this study and QTLs previously
identified in ‘Nipponbare’ × ‘Kasalath’ populations revealed that eight of the heading date QTLs were recognized nearby the
Hd1, Hd2, Hd3a, Hd4, Hd5, Hd6, Hd9, and Hd13. These results suggest that the strong PS in ‘Nona Bokra’ was generated mainly by the accumulation of additive effects of
particular alleles at previously identified QTLs. 相似文献
16.
The density of contacts or the fraction of buried sites in a protein structure is thought to be related to a protein’s designability,
and genes encoding more designable proteins should evolve faster than other genes. Several recent studies have tested this
hypothesis but have found conflicting results. Here, we investigate how a gene’s evolutionary rate is affected by its protein’s
contact density, considering the four species Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Drosophila melanogaster, and Homo sapiens. We find for all four species that contact density correlates positively with evolutionary rate, and that these correlations
do not seem to be confounded by gene expression level. The strength of this signal, however, varies widely among species.
We also study the effect of contact density on domain evolution in multidomain proteins and find that a domain’s contact density
influences the domain’s evolutionary rate. Within the same protein, a domain with higher contact density tends to evolve faster
than a domain with lower contact density. Our study provides evidence that contact density can increase evolutionary rates,
and that it acts similarly on the level of entire proteins and of individual protein domains.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
17.
Lloyd A. Demetrius 《Bulletin of mathematical biology》1966,28(2):153-160
Rosen’s identification of abstract biological systems, called (M,R)-systems, with sequential machines is formally characterized. It is then shown that the determination of environmental alterations
of (M,R)-systems from a knowledge of the response sequence and the structure of the system, which we call behavioral reversibility,
can be interpreted as information-losslessness of sequential machines. Applying this relationship, necessary conditions for
behavioral reversibility are derived. It is further shown that, similar to Rosen’s work on structural reversibility, (M,R)-systems are behaviorally reversible only if the number of physically realizable mappings are restricted. 相似文献
18.
We studied the behavioral development of black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) from 6 to 16 post-natal weeks. At 6 weeks of age, kits are still lactating and depend on their mother for survival, while
at 16 weeks, ferret young start achieving independence from their mother and littermates. Behavioral observations were obtained
by placing videomonitors in the litters’ cages, nest boxes and in outdoor naturalistic enclosures. Captive-raised black-footed
ferrets displayed nocturnal activity patterns, although they tended to appear aboveground at certain daytime hours presumably
influenced by the established feeding and cleaning regimes. Growing ferrets began emerging aboveground at approximately 7
post-natal weeks and diel activity steadily increased as kits matured. The most manifest behavioral changes (appearance of
new motor patterns, increase in aboveground play and in neck-biting behaviors) occurred from post-natal week 8 to week 12.
This coincides with the period of maximum growth for ferrets and with a sensitive phase for the development of food preferences
in this species. Changes from the 12 to the 16 post-natal weeks involved an increase in aboveground activity, including a
higher frequency of scent-marking behaviors. Information provided in this study has important implications for enhancing the
captive management of this endangered carnivore. 相似文献
19.
Nicholas D. Sly Andrea K. Townsend Christopher C. Rimmer Jason M. Townsend Steven C. Latta Irby J. Lovette 《Conservation Genetics》2010,11(6):2121-2129
The Gray-crowned Palm-Tanager (Phaenicophilus poliocephalus), sometimes considered conspecific with its more widespread congener P. palmarum, is restricted to Haiti’s Tiburon Peninsula, a biodiversity hotspot threatened by extensive habitat loss. We used a multilocus
phylogeographic approach to identify evolutionarily distinct populations of Phaenicophilus. Mitochondrial haplotypes formed two reciprocally monophyletic groups separated by 5% uncorrected divergence. Genealogical
patterns of differentiation at nuclear intron alleles were congruent with those of mtDNA, and the two species also differed
in body size and shape. An ancient sea channel between the Tiburon Peninsula and mainland Haiti was likely a dispersal barrier
that led to allopatric divergence, a hypothesis supported by our estimates of divergence times. Our results support the recognition
of two Palm-Tanager species, confirming P. poliocephalus as Haiti’s only endemic bird species and underscoring the need to protect the Tiburon Peninsula’s single primary forest reserve. 相似文献
20.
Localization of the rice stripe disease resistance gene, Stv-bi, by graphical genotyping and linkage analyses with molecular markers 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Y. Hayano-Saito T. Tsuji K. Fujii K. Saito M. Iwasaki A. Saito 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,96(8):1044-1049
We used graphical genotyping and linkage analyses with molecular markers to determine the chromosomal location of the rice
stripe disease resistance gene, Stv-b
i
. The stripe resistance gene from the indica rice (Oryza sativa) cv ‘Modan’ was introgressed into several Japanese rice varieties. We found 4 RFLP markers in ‘Modan’, five susceptible parental
rice varieties (‘Norin No. 8’, ‘Sachihikari’, ‘Kanto No. 98’, ‘Hokuriku No.103’ and ‘Koganebare’) and four resistant progeny
varieties (‘St. No. 1’, ‘Aichi No. 6’, ‘Aoisora’ and ‘Asanohikari’). Graphical genotyping of the resistant progeny revealed
a chromosomal segment ascribable to ‘Modan’ and associated with stripe resistance. The chromosomal segment from ‘Modan’ was
located at 35.85 cM on chromosome 11. Linkage analysis using 120 F2 individuals from a cross between ‘Koshihikari’ (susceptible) and ‘Asanohikari’ (resistant) revealed another 8 RFLP markers
in the same chromosome. We performed a bioassay for rice stripe resistance in F3 lines of the F2 individuals using infective small brown planthoppers and identified an 1.8-cM segment harboring the rice stripe disease resistance
gene, Stv-b
i
, between XNpb220 and XNpb257/ XNpb254. Furthermore, Stv-b
i
was linked by 0.0 cM to a RFLP marker, ST10, which was developed on the basis of the results of RAPD analysis. These DNA
markers near the Stv-b
i
locus may be useful in marker-assisted selection and map-based cloning of the Stv-b
i
gene.
Received: 26 September 1997 / Accepted: 4 November 1997 相似文献