人snail真核表达载体构建与鉴定

目的:构建人snail基因真核表达载体并鉴定。方法:使用RT-PCR法获取人snail基因全长c DNA,经Bam H I、Eco R I双酶切、连接,插入pc DNA3.1(+)真核表达载体,转化TOP10感受态细胞,用含氨苄青霉素的LB培养基筛选阳性克隆,提取质粒双酶切电泳及测序鉴定,瞬时转染siha细胞Western-blot从蛋白水平鉴定重组质粒在真核细胞内的表达。结果:pc DNA3.1-snail重组质粒经酶切电泳符合预期片段,测序鉴定插入片段与NCBI Gen Bank文库中人snail序列一致,重组质粒瞬时转染后snail蛋白表达量明显增高。结论:成功构建pc DNA3.1-snail重组质粒载体,为进一步探讨snail基因生物学功能奠定了基础。     

小分子G蛋白Rap1 shRNA表达载体的构建和鉴定

应用RNA干扰（RNA interference,RNAi）技术抑制Rap1基因的表达,构建RaplshRNA（small hairpin RNA．shRNA）表达载体,观察其对小鼠肝脏细胞中RaplmRNA和蛋白表达的干扰作用．根据小鼠RaplmRNA的全序列．设计了3种Rap1 siRNA序列（Rap1 siRNA1、Rap1 siRNA2、Rap1 siRNA3）和阴性对照序列（HK）;采用克隆技术,将其插入带有报告基因绿色荧光（EGFP）的pGenesi1－3载体,构建RaplshRNA表达载体：经双酶切和测序证实Rap1 siRNA表达载体克隆构建成功,插入片段测序结果与合成的siRNA结果一致：昆明小鼠40只,体重18～20g,随机分成4组：I组（转染HK组）、Ⅱ组（转染RaplshRNAl组）、Ⅲ组（转染RaplshRNA2组）、Ⅳ组（转染Rap1 shRNA3组）．于0、16、24h腹腔内注射Rap1 shRNA2．0－2．5mg／kg（用PBS稀释至1mL）：48h后收集小鼠肝脏．用显微荧光、定量RT—PCT、免疫组化检测小鼠肝细胞中Rap1 shRNA的转染率、Rap1基因表达以及蛋白质表达水平．I组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组小鼠肝脏细胞体内转染率均大于60％．Ⅱ组、m组、Ⅳ组的RaMmRNA表达、Rap1蛋白表达均降低．其中Rao1 shRNA1干扰效果最佳．     

TGF-β1基因真核表达载体的构建及在BMSCs中的表达

目的研究真核表达载体pCDNA3.1( )-TGF-β1在骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)中的表达.方法基因克隆构建pCDNA3.1( )-TGF-β1真核表达载体,转染大鼠BMSCs,G418筛选获得稳定转染的细胞,RT-PCR、ELISA和免疫细胞化学检测其表达,MTT法检测其增殖活性.结果成功构建含TGF-β1基因的真核表达载体;RT-PCR、ELISA、免疫细胞化学证实了TGF-β1基因在BMSCs中至少可以表达一个月;MTT法提示转染TGF-β1基因可以促进BMSCs增殖.结论 pCDNA3.1( )-TGF-β1转染BMSCs可获得稳定表达.     

小分子G蛋白Rapl shRNA表达载体的构建和鉴定

应用RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)技术抑制Rapl基因的表达,构建Rap1 shRNA(small hairpin RNA,shRNA)表达载体,观察其对小鼠肝脏细胞中Rap1 mRNA和蛋白表达的干扰作用.根据小鼠Rap1 mRNA的全序列.设计了3种Rap1 siRNA序列(Rap1 siRNA1、Rap1 siRNA2、Rap1 siRNA3)和阴性对照序列(HK);采用克隆技术,将其插入带有报告基因绿色荧光(ECFP)的pGenesil-3栽体,构建Rap1 shRNA表达载体:经双酶切和测序证实Rap1 siRNA表达载体克隆构建成功,插入片段测序结果与合成的siRNA结果一致;昆明小鼠40只,体重18～20 g,随机分成4组: Ⅰ组(转染HK组)、Ⅱ组(转染Rapl shRNAl组)、Ⅲ组(转染Rap1 shRNA2组)、Ⅳ组(转染Rapl shRNA3组).于0、16、24 h腹腔内注射Rapl shRNA 2.0～2.5 mg/kg(用PBS稀释至1 mL);48 h后收集小鼠肝脏.用显微荧光、定量RT-PCT、免疫组化检测小鼠肝细胞中Rap1shRNA的转染率、Rap1基因表达以及蛋白质表达水平.Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组小鼠肝脏细胞体内转染率均大于60%,Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组的Rap1 mRNA表达、Rap1蛋白表达均降低,其中Rap1 shRNA1干扰效果最佳.     

β-synuclein蛋白原核表达载体的构建与表达

目的构建人β-synuclein基因的原核表达载体,分析其在大肠杆菌中的表达。方法从人脑组织中提取总RNA,用RT-PCR方法获得人β-synuclein基因,克隆至pCUm-T载体中,PCR筛选阳性克隆并测序。将酶切后的目的片段克隆至原核表达载体pGEX-6P-1中,转化大肠杆菌BL21。IPTG诱导后,经SDS-PAGE电泳分析目的蛋白的表达。结果 RT-PCR扩增出人β-synuclein基因,将其亚克隆至pGEX-6P-1构建成重组表达质粒,并在BL21中表达了β-synuclein蛋白。结论成功构建人β-synuclein的原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中表达了人β-synuclein融合蛋白,为进一步研究β-synuclein在帕金森病中的作用奠定了良好的基础。     

TGF-β潜态相关肽编码序列的原核表达载体构建及表达产物的纯化与鉴定

转化生长因子β (TGF-β)是促肝纤维的细胞因子,TGF-β潜态相关肽(LAP)和TGF-β的活化有关.本研究提取人血液中总RNA,逆转录转为cDNA,以此为模板PCR目的 片段,构建原核表达载体pET28a-LAP-B、pET28a-LAP-F,并在不同诱导温度、IPTG浓度、诱导时机下进行诱导表达,筛选最佳诱导条...     

表达绿色荧光蛋白报告基因重组禽腺联病毒载体系统的构建与鉴定

为了开展重组禽腺联病毒(Recombinant avian adeno-associated virus,rAAAV)介导的基因转移研究,用限制性内切酶消化含AAAV全基因组的重组质粒pCR-AAAV,去除AAAV Rep和Cap蛋白编码序列,将PCR扩增的绿色荧光蛋白(Green fluorescent protein,GFP)报告基因插入AAAV末端反向重复序列(Inverted terminal repeats,ITR)之间,获得表达GFP基因的AAAV转移载体pAITR-GFP;以含AAAV全基因组的质粒为模板,用PCR分别扩增AAAV Rep、Cap和Rep-Cap蛋白基因,将Rep和Cap基因分别插入真核细胞双表达载体pVITRO2-mcs的两个多克隆位点,将Rep-Cap蛋白基因插入真核细胞表达载体pcDNA3,获得AAAV辅助质粒pVITRO2-ARC和pcDNA-ARC;将pAITR-GFP、pVITRO2-ARC或pcDNA-ARC与腺病毒辅助质粒pHelper组成三质粒转染系统,用磷酸钙沉淀法共转染AAV-293细胞,获得了表达GFP的rAAAV.经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离后,纯化病毒出现分子量正确的VP1、VP2、VP3结构蛋白;经PCR检测证明,重组病毒中含有GFP报告基因;用重组病毒分别感染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)和鸡胚肝CEL细胞,可以观察到GFP报告基因的表达,表达时间持续两周以上.这些试验结果表明,成功建立了辅助病毒非依赖性rAAAV体外包装体系,为禽源细胞的基因转移研究和禽重组活载体疫苗的研制打下了基础.     

含绿色荧光蛋白标记的木霉表达载体的构建

ACCC 30150是由本实验室筛选的一株对黄瓜枯萎病、青椒疫病等多种土传病害具有较好防治效果的长柄木霉生防菌,为研究其在蔬菜根际的定殖情况,本试验将含绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)和潮霉素B抗性的融合基因交换整合到真核表达骨架载体pNOM102上.通过酶切鉴定和测序鉴定证明目的片段与载体片段连接正确,木霉表达载体pNOM102-HygEGFP构建成功,为下一步进行生防木霉根际定殖研究奠定基础.     

neuronatin shRNA真核表达载体的构建及其生物学功能

目的:获得能持续干扰neuronatin（nnat）基因表达的细胞,观察nnat基因沉默对神经细胞发育与分化的影响,为研究基因功能奠定基础。方法:构建含nnat基因短发夹RNA(shRNA)表达质粒,将质粒转染大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤细胞PC12,RT-PCR方法筛选出最有效干扰质粒,稳定转染PC12细胞后观察细胞表型变化,免疫荧光检测nnat蛋白表达,NGF诱导观察nnat表达下调对细胞分化的影响。结果:成功构建并筛选出有效的靶向nnat基因的shRNA真核表达载体;载体稳定转染PC12细胞之后能特异性沉默nnat基因的表达,PC12细胞长出突起,向神经元方向分化,加入诱导因子NGF后能促进突起生长。结论:nnat可能是作为神经分化抑制因子在神经发育与成熟过程中发挥作用。     

P311 binds to the latency associated protein and downregulates the expression of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2

P311 is an 8-kDa protein originally found in neurons and muscle. We recently showed that expression of P311 in NIH 3T3 cells induced a myofibroblast phenotype with low TGF-beta1 expression. Here we demonstrate that P311 downregulates not only TGF-beta1, but also TGF-beta2, expression, with no effect on TGF-beta3. In addition, P311 interacts with TGF-beta2 in a yeast two-hybrid system through a sequence encompassing part of the TGF-beta latent associated protein (LAP) and part of mature TGF-beta2. Coimmunoprecipitations demonstrated interaction between P311 and TGF-beta1 and 2, but not TGF-beta3. Additional coimmunoprecipitations after introducing LAP or mature TGF-beta1 into cells demonstrated P311 binding to LAP, but not to mature TGF-beta. P311 has a conserved PEST domain, which generally serves as a rapid degradation signal. Deletion of the PEST domain reversed the effect of P311 on TGF-beta isoforms. Finally, Smad3 activity was decreased in P311-expressing cells, but was corrected by exogenous TGF-beta1 treatment, which also elevated TGF-beta1 mRNA level. This suggested that P311 downregulates TGF-beta1 and 2 in part by blocking TGF-beta autoinduction.     

shRNAPred (version 1.0): An open source and standalone software for short hairpin RNA (shRNA) prediction

The small hairpin RNAs (shRNA) are useful in many ways like identification of trait specific molecular markers, gene silencing and characterization of a species. In public domain, hardly there exists any standalone software for shRNA prediction. Hence, a software shRNAPred (1.0) is proposed here to offer a user-friendly Command-line User Interface (CUI) to predict 'shRNA-like' regions from a large set of nucleotide sequences. The software is developed using PERL Version 5.12.5 taking into account the parameters such as stem and loop length combinations, specific loop sequence, GC content, melting temperature, position specific nucleotides, low complexity filter, etc. Each of the parameters is assigned with a specific score and based on which the software ranks the predicted shRNAs. The high scored shRNAs obtained from the software are depicted as potential shRNAs and provided to the user in the form of a text file. The proposed software also allows the user to customize certain parameters while predicting specific shRNAs of his interest. The shRNAPred (1.0) is open access software available for academic users. It can be downloaded freely along with user manual, example dataset and output for easy understanding and implementation. AVAILABILITY: The database is available for free at http://bioinformatics.iasri.res.in/EDA/downloads/shRNAPred_v1.0.exe.     

Minimizing variables among hairpin-based RNAi vectors reveals the potency of shRNAs

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular process regulating gene expression and participating in innate defense in many organisms. RNAi has also been utilized as a tool to query gene function and is being developed as a therapeutic strategy for several diseases. Synthetic small interfering (siRNAs) or expressed stem–loop RNAs (short-hairpin RNAs [shRNAs] or artificial microRNAs [miRNAs]) have been delivered to cultured cells and organisms to inhibit expression of a variety of genes. A persistent question in the field, however, is which RNAi expression system is most suitable for distinct applications. To date, shRNA- and artificial miRNA-based strategies have been compared with conflicting results. In prior comparisons, sequences required for efficient RNAi processing and loading of the intended antisense strand into the RNAi-induced silencing complex (RISC) were not considered. We therefore revisited the shRNA–miRNA comparison question. Initially, we developed an improved artificial miRNA vector and confirmed the optimal shRNA configuration by altering structural features of these RNAi substrates. Subsequently, we engineered and compared shRNA- and miRNA-based RNAi expression vectors that would be processed to yield similar siRNAs that exhibit comparable strand biasing. Our results demonstrate that when comparison variables are minimized, the shRNAs tested were more potent than the artificial miRNAs in mediating gene silencing independent of target sequence and experimental setting (in vitro and in vivo). In addition, we show that shRNAs are expressed at considerably higher levels relative to artificial miRNAs, thus providing mechanistic insight to explain their increased potency.     

血管平滑肌细胞中ERK通路与TGF-β_1/Smad通路的相互作用

目的:探讨血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)中TGF-β/Smad与ERK信号转导通路是否存在相互调节关系。方法:原代培养的大鼠胸主动脉平滑肌细胞,分四组:①对照组,②TGF-β1组,③ERK阻断剂(PD98059)组和④TGF-β1+ERK阻断剂(PD98059)组。分别用Western blot法检测VSMC内Smad2/3、ERK1/2蛋白表达及磷酸化Smad2/3、磷酸化ERK1/2蛋白含量,RT-PCR方法测VSMC中Smad2、Smad3mRNA的表达。结果:①与对照组相比,TGF-β1组P-Smad2/3、P-ERK1/2蛋白含量增多(P0.05),ERK阻断剂组P-Smad2/3、P-ERK1/2蛋白含量减少(P0.05),TGF-β1+ERK阻断剂组P-Smad2/3、P-ERK1/2蛋白含量无差异;与TGF-β1组相比,TGF-β1+ERK阻断剂组P-Smad2/3、P-ERK1/2蛋白含量减少(P0.05)。各组间Smad2/3、ERK1/2蛋白表达无差异。②各组的Smad2、Smad3mRNA表达无差异。结论:TGF-β1诱导的Smad2/3蛋白磷酸化依赖ERK通路激活,但ERK通路对Smad2/3蛋白和mRNA表达水平无影响。     

骨化三醇对系膜增生性肾炎大鼠TGF-β1的影响

目的：探讨骨化三醇对系膜增生性肾小球肾炎模型大鼠TGF-β1的作用。方法：应用抗大鼠胸腺细胞免疫血清（Anti-thy-mocyte serum,A TS）抗体一次性尾静脉注射复制大鼠MsPGN模型,将实验大鼠分为三组对照组（A组）、模型组（B组）、骨化三醇治疗组（c组）,分别与1、3、7、14天每组各处死6只大鼠,进行PAS染色,分析肾皮质损伤程度,采用ELISA法检测TGF-β1在血清中的变化,Envision免疫组化法检测TGF-β1在肾小球中的表达情况。结果：肾炎组大鼠血清及肾小球中TGF-β1表达明显高于对照组（p〈0.01）;骨化三醇治疗组大鼠血清及肾小球中TGF-β1的表达明显显著减轻（p〈0.01）。结论：骨化三醇可以抑制MsPGN模型大鼠中TGF-β1的表达,从而早期延缓肾小球疾病纤维化的发展。     

子宫内膜-肌层交界区超声参数联合血清TGF-β1、COX-2对子宫腺肌病的诊断价值分析

摘要 目的：探讨EMI超声参数联合血清TGF-β1、COX-2对子宫腺肌病的诊断价值。方法：回顾性选择2021.1-2023.1月子宫腺肌病患者110例为观察组,同期健康女性110例为对照组,所有受试者均行相同的检查及手术操作,对比两组受试者的相关指标对子宫腺肌病的诊断价值。结果：观察组年龄明显较对照组高;73.64%子宫腺肌病患者的EMI超声表现异常;观察组EMI超声各项参数比对照组低,P均<0.05。观察组的血清TGF-β1、COX-2水平明显较对照组高,P<0.05。EMI平均厚度增大、形态异常、TGF-β1、COX-2水平升高是子宫腺肌病的危险因素,EMI血流指数升高是子宫腺肌病的保护因素,P均<0.05。其中,EMI平均厚度、形态、TGF-β1、COX-2水平、血流指数及以上指标联合对子宫腺肌病均有较好的诊断价值,P均<0.05,但指标联合对子宫腺肌病的AUC面积较其他指标大,可用于子宫腺肌病诊断。结论：EMI超声参数联合血清TGF-β1、COX-2可用于子宫腺肌病的诊断。     

Inducible Nitric Oxide Production and Expression of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 in Serum and CSF after Cerebral Ischaemic Stroke in Man

A residual blood supply to the ischaemic brain is a crucial determinant for tissue survival. Early changes in the vascular network and subsequent angiogenesis may be mediated by short-lived molecules like nitric oxide (NO) or growth factors such as transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1). Although TGF-beta1 can inhibit NO production, this interaction has not been studied after ischaemia in humans. Serum samples were taken from patients at 24 h and 6 months and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples at 24 h and 1 week later for possible correlation between the two factors. Tissue expression of TGF-beta1 and of the inducible isoform of NO synthase (NOS2) was assessed by immunohistochemistry. CSF levels of NO2-/NO3- as well as total (active + latent) TGF-beta1 were higher in stroke patients as compared to controls 24 h after the stroke. Both NO2-/NO3- and TGF-beta1 were lower 6 months after the stroke compared to 24 h. Levels of NO2-/NO3- correlated with levels of TGF-beta1 within the time points (P = 0.041, Kendall correlation coefficient). There was a strong staining for NOS2 in brain tissue sections in neurones, reactive astrocytes, infiltrating white blood cells, and endothelial cells of larger microvessels. TGF-beta1 expression was mainly limited to neurones and reactive astrocytes. These findings suggest that the interaction between TGF-beta1 and NOS2 might be important for angiogenesis after cerebral ischaemia and may indicate that TGF-beta1 is upregulated as a negative feedback response to elevated levels of NO.