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1.
2020年8月在贵州省普安县(25°47′02″N,105°01′07″E,海拔1 636 m)采集到3号蛇类标本。它们在形态上与昆明钝头蛇(Pareas niger)相似。基于线粒体细胞色素b(Cytb)基因序列构建的系统发育树显示,此次采集的钝头蛇标本与昆明钝头蛇的1号地模标本序列聚为一支,它们之间的遗传距离为0.4%,远小于钝头蛇属物种之间的遗传距离(5.60%~23.90%)。综合形态比较和分子系统发育分析结果,确定此次采集到的钝头蛇标本为昆明钝头蛇,为贵州省爬行动物分布新记录种。 相似文献
2.
2022年8月,于湖南省郴州市永兴县湘阴渡镇(113°01′18′′E,26°11′87′′N,海拔174 m)采集到两头蛇活体标本1号,通过形态测量比较,发现所采集标本与中国广东省分布的岭南两头蛇(Calamariaarcana)形态特征基本一致;后基于线粒体Cytb基因片段进行分子系统发育分析,结果显示该标本与岭南两头蛇形成高支持率单系群(后验概率PP为1.00,自举值BS为100),所采集标本与岭南两头蛇的遗传距离为1%。综合形态学和分子生物学证据,最终确定该标本为两头蛇科(Calamariidae)两头蛇属的岭南两头蛇,系湖南省蛇类分布新记录种。 相似文献
3.
2020年8月6日在贵州省威宁县雪山镇(27°04′09″N,104°04′44″E,海拔2 218 m)采集到6号两栖动物标本,经形态特征比较,与景东臭蛙(Odorrana jingdongensis)相似;基于线粒体16S rRNA构建臭蛙属(Odorrana)部分物种系统发育树,此次采集的臭蛙标本与景东臭蛙聚为一支,且具有较高的支持率(0.97/92,贝叶斯法/最大似然法);基于Kimura双参数模型估算本次采集的臭蛙标本与景东模式产地标本间的遗传距离为0%,远小于臭蛙属物种间的遗传距离(1.3%~9.5%)。综合形态特征和分子系统发育比较,确定此次采集到的臭蛙标本为无尾目(Anura)蛙科(Ranidae)臭蛙属的景东臭蛙,系贵州省两栖动物分布新记录种。 相似文献
4.
荔波臭蛙(Odorrana liboensis)已知仅分布于贵州省荔波县茂兰国家级自然保护区。2021年8月,在广西壮族自治区百色市那坡县弄尧(23°01′21″ N,105°50′58″ E)采集到2号臭蛙标本(1雌,1雄)。经鉴定为荔波臭蛙,属广西两栖纲新记录物种。2号标本在形态上与荔波臭蛙模式标本基本一致,仅体型大小和腹部体色稍有差异。基于线粒体16S rRNA基因部分序列构建的系统发育树表明,荔波臭蛙那坡种群与模式标本聚为一支,支持率为100%,遗传距离为1.5%。本研究表明,荔波臭蛙广西那坡种群与模式产地种群存在一定的遗传和形态分化,可为蛙类生物地理学研究提供基础数据。 相似文献
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2018年11月,在西藏自治区林芝地区波密县扎木镇(29°48′25″ N,95°41′56″ E)海拔3 400 m处捕获1只缺齿鼩属动物。该个体背毛深灰色,腹面毛色稍淡,呈苍灰色;尾长明显大于头体长,背腹异色不明显,尾部末端缺少簇毛;头骨坚固,头盖骨隆起明显,颧骨板很窄,齿式3.1.1.3/2.0.1.3 = 28,这些特征与烟黑缺齿鼩(Chodsigoa furva)的鉴别特征一致。通过测定其Cyt b基因全序列,并结合从GenBank下载的缺齿鼩属已有同源序列构建的最大似然树显示,该个体与烟黑缺齿鼩聚为一支(支持率BS为100),与云南地区烟黑缺齿鼩的遗传距离在2.25% ~ 2.34%之间。基于以上形态和分子结果确认该个体为烟黑缺齿鼩,是该物种在西藏的首次分布记录。 相似文献
7.
2018年11月在安徽省黄山市太平湖国家湿地公园(30°34′42″N,118°41′47″E)和宣城市旌德县蔡家桥镇(30°21′26″N,118°30′11″E)的针阔混交林采集到3只麝鼩属小型兽类。3只个体体型较小,体重11~14 g;背毛灰褐色,腹部毛色稍淡;尾短而粗壮,上下异色,基部2/3散生稀疏的长刚毛,这些特征与台湾灰麝鼩(Crocidura tanakae)描述一致。基于Cyt b全序列构建的最大似然树显示,这3号标本与从GenBank下载的台湾灰麝鼩(GenBank登录号KX946002~KX946006、AB175080、AB175081)构成单系群(支持率为100%)。这3号标本Cyt b全序列与台湾灰麝鼩地模标本(GenBank登录号AB175080、AB175081)的遗传距离在0.76%~0.85%之间。基于以上结果,确定这3号标本为台湾灰麝鼩,这是该物种在安徽省的首次发现,也是其在华东地区的首个分布记录。 相似文献
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正2019年4月22日,杜银磊等在云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州盈江县那邦镇那邦村一水塘(24°42′58.40″N,97°34′08.70″E,海拔239 m)拍摄到一只鸭类(见封面)。该鸟通体棕褐色;头、颈褐色并杂有白色点斑,而不全为黑色,与疣鼻栖鸭(Cairina moschata)不同(Johnsgard 2010);颈部领环黑色,下体深色,与瘤鸭(Sarkidiornismelanotos)有别(Johnsgard2010);飞行时,可见翼上的白色覆羽与蓝紫色的翼镜形成鲜明反差),翼下的白色覆羽与黑色的飞羽形成鲜明对比(图1); 相似文献
9.
2021年5月在广西隆林县者浪乡坡合村(105°13′27″ E,24°44′58″ N)采集到5号两栖动物标本,经形态特征比较,与腹斑掌突蟾(Leptobrachella ventripunctata)相似;基于线粒体16S rRNA和12S rRNA基因片段构建的贝叶斯系统发育树显示,此次采集到的掌突蟾属标本与腹斑掌突蟾聚为一支,且具有较高的后验概率(1.00);基于Kimura双参数模型估算本次采集的标本与腹斑掌突蟾的遗传距离为0.7% ~ 0.9%,远小于掌突蟾属物种间的遗传距离(4.4% ~ 23.4%)。综合形态特征和系统发育分析比较,鉴定此次采集的掌突蟾属标本为腹斑掌突蟾,为广西两栖动物分布新记录种。 相似文献
10.
2023年4月21日,在湖南南山国家公园开展野生动物多样性调查过程中,于白云湖(26°18′36.23″N,110°20′05.43″E;海拔606 m)采集到2号蛙类标本(1雌1雄),经初步形态鉴定,其与桂北琴蛙(Nidirana guibeiensis)特征相似。对采集标本的线粒体16S r RNA进行PCR扩增测序后,构建琴蛙属(Nidirana)部分物种贝叶斯系统发育树,结果显示该蛙类标本与桂北琴蛙聚为一支,且具有较高的支持率(1.00);基于Kimura双参数模型估算,该标本与广西兴安县采集的桂北琴蛙标本间的遗传距离为0,远小于琴蛙属不同种间的遗传距离(3.2%~8.7%)。经形态特征鉴定和系统发育分析,确定该蛙类标本为无尾目(Anura)蛙科(Ranidae)琴蛙属(Nidirana)桂北琴蛙,为湖南省两栖动物新记录种。 相似文献
11.
Two specimens of Mesechinus hughi were collected from Pingshan, Yi County, Huangshan (29°56'23"N, 117°58'48"E) and Xikou, Xuanzhou, Xuancheng (30°34'42"N, 118°41'47"E) in Anhui Province, in July and September 2018, respectively. Ears of the two specimens are similar, in length, to the surrounding spines. The two specimens have few wholly white spines, and most spines (>95%) have four sections; white constituting the basal two-thirds, followed by a black ring, narrow light ring, and black tip. These characters are similar to those of the specimens from the type locality (Baoji, Shaanxi Province). The P-distance of Cyt b between the population in Anhui and that of Shaanxi is from 4.9% to 5.3%, and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses support the two populations as monophyletic (BS = 95%). This was the first recorded distribution of Mesechinus in Anhui Province and Mesechinus hughi south of the Changjiang River. 相似文献
12.
Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons. 相似文献
13.
The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare
these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow
the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human
serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three
reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure.
The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision,
and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest
in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment. 相似文献
14.
G. V. Iyengar 《Biological trace element research》1987,12(1):263-295
This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues
and body fluids.
A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements
of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or
partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America,
Australia, and New Zealand.
This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world.
It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several
elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different
countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn.
Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples
requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as
Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available.
In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies
to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions,
which sadly lack data of any kind at present. 相似文献
15.
The unitary conductances and permeability sequences of the rat connexin40 (rCx40) gap junction channels to seven monovalent cations and anions were studied in rCx40-transfected neuroblastoma 2A (N2A) cell pairs using the dual whole cell recording technique. Chloride salt cation substitutions (115 mM principal salt) resulted in the following junctional maximal single channel current-voltage relationship slope conductances (γj in pS): CsCl (153), RbCl (148), KCl (142), NaCl (115), LiCl (86), TMACl (71), TEACl (63). Reversible block of the rCx40 channel was observed with TBA. Potassium anion salt γj are: Kglutamate (160), Kacetate (160), Kaspartate (158), KNO3 (157), KF (148), KCl (142), and KBr (132). Ion selectivity was verified by measuring reversal potentials for current in rCx40 gap junction channels with asymmetric salt solutions in the two electrodes and using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation to calculate relative permeabilities. The permeabilities relative to Li+ are: Cs+ (1.38), Rb+ (1.32), K+ (1.31), Na+ (1.16), TMA+ (0.53), TEA+ (0.45), TBA+ (0.03), Cl− (0.19), glutamate− (0.04), and NO3− (0.14), assuming that the monovalent anions permeate the channel by forming ion pairs with permeant monovalent cations within the pore thereby causing proportionate decreases in the channel conductance. This hypothesis can account for why the predicted increasing conductances with increasing ion mobilities in an essentially aqueous channel were not observed for anions in the rCx40 channel. The rCx40 effective channel radius is estimated to be 6.6 Å from a theoretical fit of the relationship of relative permeability and cation radius. 相似文献
16.
A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability. 相似文献
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18.
The aim of this report has been to present results concerning analytical quality controls of Hg analysis of fish and sediment, analyses of Fe, Ca, total-P, K, pH, alkalinity, conductivity, colour and hardness (Ca + Mg) of lake water samples. Despite the fact that these are standard parameters in many regular water control programs, there are major differences in the reliability with which these parameters can be determined. The focus here is on an overall inter-laboratory comparison between the parameters. Six laboratories have been involved in the analysis. Selected results: pH gives the lowest (average) relative standard deviation (error), about 2 %; conductivity gives an error of about 5–7 %; alkalinity yields an average error of as much as 13–25 %, which is the largest among the parameters studied here; colour also gives a high error, 9–15 %; hardness gives a relative standard deviation of about 6–7 %. Of the other parameters (i. e., Hg, Fe, Ca and P), Hg gives the best reliability and Fe and P the lowest. To have knowledge of the reliability of the analytical data is of paramount importance in most control programs and research projects. 相似文献
19.
We investigated the uptake of inorganic elements (Be, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sc, Mn, Co, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ce, Pm, Gd, and Hf)
and the effect of Ca on their uptake in carrots (Daucus carota cv. U.S. harumakigosun) by the radioactive multitracer technique. The experimental results suggested that Na, Mg, K, and
Rb competed for the functional groups outside the cells in roots with Ca but not for the transporter-binding sites on the
plasma membrrane of the root cortex cells. In contrast, Y, Ce, Pm, and Gd competed with Ca for the transporters on the plasma
membrane. The selectivity, which was defined as the value obtained by dividing the concentration ratio of an elemental pair,
K/Na, Rb/Na, Be/Sr, and Mg/Sr, in the presence of 0.2 and 2 ppm Ca by that of the corresponding elemental pair in the absence
of Ca in the solution was estimated. The selectivity of K and Rb in roots was increased in the presence of Ca. The selectivity
of Be in roots was not affected, whereas the selectivity of Mg was increased by Ca. These observations suggest that the presence
of Ca in the uptake solution enhances the selectivity in the uptake of metabolically important elements against unwanted elements. 相似文献
20.
The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid. 相似文献