孕妇UtA与胎儿UmA和MCA测量在胎儿宫内窘迫诊断中的价值

目的:探讨胎儿大脑中动脉(Middle cerebral artery,MCA)与脐动脉(umbilical artery,UmA)和孕妇子宫动脉(uterine artery,UtA)测量诊断胎儿宫内窘迫的临床价值。方法:将我院自2017年1月至2019年1月间收治的孕晚期发生胎儿宫内窘迫的孕妇80例作为研究组,选择同期入院各项指标正常的健康孕妇78例作为对照组,对比观察两组胎儿MCA与UmA和孕妇UtA预测胎儿窘迫的价值及胎儿MCA与UmA与新生儿Apgar评分的相关性。结果:研究组孕妇UtA血流参数脐血流搏动指数(pulsatility index,PI)、脐血流阻力指数(resistance index,RI)和收缩/舒张比(systole/diastole ratios,S/D)指标水平均明显高于对照组,研究组胎儿MCA血流参数PI、S/D均明显低于对照组,研究组患儿UmA的血流参数PI和S/D高于对照组(P<0.05),RI比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组新生儿Apgar评分≤7分的比例为40.00%,明显高于对照组15.38%。研究组UmA-PI、UmA-RI和UmA-S/D随着Apgar评分的降低呈现升高的趋势,MCA-PI、MCA-S/D和MCA-S/D随着Apgar评分的降低呈现逐渐减低的趋势。UtA血流参数联合MCA血流参数诊断胎儿宫内窘迫的敏感度为97.50%,特异性为96.25%,均明显高于各项参数单独诊断在的敏感度和特异性(P<0.05)。结论:临床可利用孕晚期孕妇UtA、胎儿UmA和MCA的血流动力学参数改变来预测胎儿宫内窘迫发生的几率,根据胎儿UmA和MCA的血流指标随着Apgar评分的变化趋势,可指导临床早期干预,降低胎儿出生缺陷和死亡率,临床价值较高,可推广使用。     

高危孕妇胎儿缺氧与彩色多普勒超声结合四维超声检查的相关性研究

摘要 目的：探讨与研究高危孕妇胎儿缺氧与彩色多普勒超声结合四维超声检查的相关性。方法：2018年2月到2020年1月在本院进行建档分娩的高危孕妇108例作为研究对象,都给予彩色多普勒超声结合四维超声检查,记录影像学特征,判定胎儿缺氧发生情况并进行相关性分析。结果：在高危孕妇108例中,发生宫内缺氧28例（宫内缺氧组）,发生率为25.9 %;宫内缺氧组的大脑中动脉、脐动脉的阻力指数（RI）、搏动指数（PI）、收缩期峰值流速舒张期流速比值（S/D）均高于非宫内缺氧组（P<0.05）;宫内缺氧组的上腔静脉血流心室收缩期峰值流速（S波）、心房收缩期速度（A波）、心室舒张期峰值流速（D波）均高于非宫内缺氧组（P<0.05）;高危孕妇108例中,Spearsman分析显示大脑中动脉、脐动脉的RI、PI、S/D以及上腔静脉血流S、D、A均与宫内缺氧都存在相关性（P<0.05）;logistic多因素回归分析显示：大脑中动脉、脐动脉的S/D与上腔静脉血流S、A为导致胎儿缺氧的主要影响因素（P<0.05）。结论：高危孕妇胎儿缺氧与彩色多普勒超声结合四维超声检查特征具有相关性,彩色多普勒超声结合四维超声可作为检查胎儿缺氧的可行、简单无创、方便快捷的方式,具有极高的应用价值。     

彩色多普勒超声联合监测胎儿脐动脉及大脑中动脉对重度子痫前期患者的临床意义

目的:研究彩色多普勒超声(CDU)联合监测胎儿脐动脉(UA)及大脑中动脉(ACM)对重度子痫前期患者的临床意义。方法:选择从2014年2月到2017年2月在我院分娩的90例重度子痫前期患者作为观察组。另选择同期在我院接受剖宫产分娩的90例健康孕妇作为对照组,比较两组孕妇胎儿UA及ACM的血流阻力指数(RI)、搏动指数(PI)、收缩期和舒张期的血流速度之比(S/D)、新生儿Apgar评分和体重,采用Spearman相关性分析法分析新生儿Apgar评分和体重与胎儿RI、PI和S/D值的相关性。结果:观察组患者胎儿UA的RI、PI和S/D值均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组患者胎儿ACM的RI、PI和S/D值均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组患者的新生儿Apgar评分和体重均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。根据Spearman相关性分析后发现,新生儿Apgar评分和体重与胎儿UA的RI、PI和S/D值均呈负相关(P0.05),而与胎儿ACM的RI、PI和S/D值均呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:CDU联合监测胎儿UA和ACM对于重度子痫前期患者具有重要的临床意义,可评价胎儿在子宫内的生长发育情况以及母婴结局,从而有助于辅助临床诊治工作的进行。     

同型半胱氨酸、子宫动脉血流参数与反复妊娠丢失患者胰岛素抵抗和妊娠结局的关系

摘要 目的：探讨同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、子宫动脉血流参数与反复妊娠丢失（RPL）患者胰岛素抵抗和妊娠结局的关系。方法：选择2020年6月至2022年10月昆明市妇幼保健院收治的162例RPL患者作为RPL组和同期82例规律产检的健康孕妇作为对照组。按照妊娠结局将RPL患者分为活产组（85例）和流产组（77例）。检测血清Hcy水平,胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）,超声检查子宫动脉血流参数,包括子宫动脉收缩期峰值/舒张末期流速（S/D）、搏动指数（PI）、血流阻力指数（RI）。Pearson相关性分析Hcy、子宫动脉血流参数与HOMA-IR的相关性。采用多因素Logistic回归分析RPL 患者妊娠结局的影响因素。采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析Hcy、子宫动脉血流参数对RPL 患者妊娠结局的预测价值。结果：RPL组血清Hcy水平,S/D、PI、RI以及HOMA-IR均高于对照组（P＜0.05）。RPL组血清Hcy,S/D、PI、RI与HOMA-IR均呈正相关（P＜0.05）。流产组血清Hcy水平,S/D、PI、RI以及HOMA-IR均高于活产组（P＜0.05）,多因素Logistic回归分析显示高HOMA-IR、高Hcy、高S/D、高RI、染色体异常是RPL患者流产的危险因素（P＜0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示联合Hcy、S/D、RI预测RPL患者流产的曲线下面积（AUC）为0.849,高于单独预测。结论：RPL患者子宫动脉血流参数S/D、RI、PI和血清Hcy水平均增高,高S/D、RI和Hcy与RPL患者胰岛素抵抗以及流产风险增加有关。联合S/D、RI和Hcy可提高RPL流产风险评估效能。     

子宫动脉血流参数联合血清PLGF、 PAPP-A预测早孕期不明原因复发性流产孕妇妊娠结局的临床研究

摘要 目的：探讨子宫动脉血流参数联合血清胎盘生长因子（PLGF）、妊娠相关血浆蛋白-A（PAPP-A）对早孕期不明原因复发性流产（URSA）孕妇妊娠结局的预测价值。方法：选取2021年10月-2022年10月我院收治的103例有URSA史的妊娠期孕妇。追踪其妊娠28周的妊娠结局,根据不同妊娠结局将其分为正常妊娠组（n=26）与流产组（n=77）。比较两组子宫动脉血流参数[阻力指数（RI）、搏动指数（PI）、收缩期峰值流速/舒张末期流速（S/D）]及血清PLGF、PAPP-A水平。多因素Logistic回归模型分析早孕期URSA孕妇妊娠结局的影响因素。受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析子宫动脉血流参数联合血清PLGF、PAPP-A对早孕期URSA孕妇妊娠结局的预测价值。结果：流产组PI、RI、S/D显著高于正常妊娠组（P＜0.05）,血清PLGF、PAPP-A水平显著低于正常妊娠组（P＜0.05）。Logistic回归模型显示,PI、RI、S/D升高为早孕期URSA孕妇妊娠结局的危险因素（P＜0.05）,血清PLGF、PAPP-A水平升高则为保护性因素（P＜0.05）。ROC分析结果发现,PI、RI、S/D、PLGF、PAPP-A联合预测早孕期URSA孕妇妊娠结局的效能最高,联合诊断的曲线下面积（AUC）为0.913,显著优于各项指标单独诊断。结论：子宫动脉血流参数联合血清PLGF、PAPP-A预测早孕期URSA孕妇妊娠结局的价值较高。     

颈性眩晕中医证型与经颅超声脑动脉血流检测结果的相关性分析

摘要 目的：分析颈性眩晕中医证型与经颅超声脑动脉血流检测结果的相关性。方法：选取2021年5月-2023年5月收治颈性眩晕患者作为研究对象,根据不同中医证型分为痰湿中阻组、肝阳上亢组、肝肾阴虚组和气血亏虚组,每组各纳入20例;并另选取健康体检患者30例作为对照组,均给予多普勒超声检查。分析不同中医证型者与对照组者多普勒超声检查特征与脑动脉血流变化[左右椎动脉、基底动脉及大脑中动脉收缩期峰值血流速度（VS）、平均血流速度(Vm)、舒张期峰值血流速度(Vd)及搏动指数(PI)]。结果：痰湿中阻组、肝肾阴虚组和气血亏虚组左右椎动脉、基底动脉及大脑中动脉VS均低于对照组（P＜0.05）;肝阳上亢组左右椎动脉、基底动脉及大脑中动脉VS均高于对照组（P＜0.05）;不同中医证型组间VS比较,肝阳上亢组＞痰湿中阻组＞肝肾阴虚组＞气血亏虚组;痰湿中阻组左右椎动脉、基底动脉均高于对照组（P＜0.05）,大脑中动脉Vm均低于对照组（P＜0.05）;肝阳上亢组左右椎动脉、基底动脉及大脑中动脉Vm均高于对照组（P＜0.05）;肝肾阴虚组左右椎动脉、基底动脉及大脑中动脉Vm均低于对照组（P＜0.05）;气血亏虚组大脑中动脉Vm均低于对照组（P＜0.05）,左右椎动脉、基底动脉Vm和对照组无显著性差异（P>0.05）;不同中医证型组间Vm比较,肝阳上亢组＞痰湿中阻组＞气血亏虚组＞肝肾阴虚组;痰湿中阻组左右椎动脉、基底动脉Vd均低于对照组（P＜0.05）,大脑中动脉Vd均高于对照组（P＜0.05）;肝阳上亢组左右椎动脉、基底动脉及大脑中动脉Vd均低于对照组（P＜0.05）;肝肾阴虚组左右椎动脉及大脑中动脉Vd均低于对照组（P＜0.05）,基底动脉Vd和对照组无差异（P＞0.05）;气血亏虚组左右椎动脉Vd均低于对照组（P＜0.05）,基底动脉Vd和对照组无差异（P＞0.05）,大脑中动脉Vd均高于对照组（P＜0.05）;不同中医证型组间Vd比较,气血亏虚组＞痰湿中阻组＞肝肾阴虚组＞肝阳上亢组;痰湿中阻组和气血亏虚组左右椎动脉、基底动脉及大脑中动脉PI均低于对照组（P＜0.05）;肝阳上亢组和肝肾阴虚组左右椎动脉、基底动脉及大脑中动脉PI均高于对照组（P＜0.05）;不同中医证型组间PI比较,肝阳上亢组＞肝肾阴虚组＞痰湿中阻组＞气血亏虚组。结论：不同中医证型的眩晕患者会出现不同程度脑动脉血流动力学异常,且不同组间存在差异,通过经颅多普勒超声检查,可以对眩晕中医证型提供参考价值。     

血清FFA、PLGF、tTG、T-cadherin与早发型子痫前期患者子宫动脉血流参数和围产儿不良结局的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨血清组织型转谷氨酰胺酶（tTG）、胎盘生长因子（PLGF）、游离脂肪酸（FAA）、T-钙粘蛋白（T-cadherin）与早发型子痫前期（EOPE）患者子宫动脉血流参数的关系,并分析围产儿不良结局的影响因素。方法：选择2019年9月~2021年5月在我院接受治疗的116例EOPE患者作为EOPE组,另选取同期80例来我院例行产检的健康志愿者孕妇作为对照组。对比EOPE组、对照组的血清FFA、PLGF、tTG、T-cadherin水平和子宫动脉血流参数。采用Pearson法分析血清FFA、PLGF、tTG、T-cadherin与EOPE患者子宫动脉血流参数的相关性。采用多因素Logistic回归分析围产儿不良结局的危险因素。结果：EOPE组的血清FFA、tTG高于对照组,PLGF、T-cadherin则低于对照组（P<0.05）。EOPE组的阻力指数（RI）、收缩期和舒张期血流流速比值（S/D）、搏动指数（PI）高于对照组（P<0.05）。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,RI、PI、S/D与FFA、tTG均呈正相关,而与PLGF、T-cadherin均呈负相关（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,白蛋白偏低、丙氨酸氨基转氨酶偏高、血肌酐偏高、FFA偏高、PLGF偏低、tTG偏高、T-cadherin偏低、RI偏高、PI偏高、S/D偏高均是围产儿不良结局的危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：EOPE患者血清中FFA、tTG表达升高,PLGF、T-cadherin表达下降,且与子宫动脉血流参数具有一定的相关性。白蛋白、丙氨酸氨基转氨酶、血肌酐等均是围产儿不良结局的危险因素,应加强对上述指标的监测,尽早进行相关干预,以降低围产儿不良结局的发生率。     

经颅多普勒血流动力学定量参数对青年脑卒中患者预后的预测价值

摘要 目的：分析经颅多普勒血流动力学定量参数预测青年脑卒中患者预后的价值。方法：病例纳入时间为2018年4月至2022年12月,来源于秦皇岛市第一医院,研究对象为349例青年脑卒中患者,将之作为病例组,根据病情严重程度分为轻、中和重度组,例数分别为97、196例、56例,根据预后情况分为预后不良组和预后良好组,例数分别为27、322例,另选同期358名健康体检青年人群作为对照组。比较病例组与对照组、不同病情严重程度及不同预后患者的血流动力学定量参数,分析血流动力学定量参数与患者、预后的相关性及对患者预后的预测价值。结果：与对照组比较,病例组大脑中动脉搏动指数（PI）更高,平均血流速度（Vm）、收缩期血流速度（Vs）、舒张期血流速度（Vd）、屏气指数（BHI）、脑局部血流量丧失指数（r CBFLI）更低（P<0.05）。重度组大脑中动脉PI高于中度组、轻度组（P<0.05）,中度组高于轻度组（P<0.05）;重度组大脑中动脉Vm、Vs、Vd、BHI、r CBFLI低于中度组、轻度组（P<0.05）,中度组低于轻度组（P<0.05）。预后不良组大脑中动脉PI高于预后良好组（P<0.05）,大脑中动脉BHI、r CBFLI低于预后良好组（P<0.05）。大脑中动脉PI与青年脑卒中患者病情严重程度、预后呈正相关（P<0.05）;大脑中动脉Vm、Vs、Vd、BHI、r CBFLI与青年脑卒中患者病情严重程度呈负相关（P<0.05）;大脑中动脉BHI、r CBFLI与青年脑卒中患者预后呈负相关（P<0.05）。大脑中动脉PI、BHI、r CBFLI联合检测的曲线下面积（AUC）值为0.864,高于大脑中动脉PI、BHI、r CBFLI单独检测（0.698、0.737、0.782,P<0.05）;大脑中动脉BHI、联合检测的敏感度分别为85.19%、81.48%,高于大脑中动脉PI、r CBFLI单独检测（66.67%、62.96%,P<0.05）;大脑中动脉r CBFLI、联合检测的特异度分别为81.68%、78.26%,高于大脑中动脉PI、BHI单独检测（64.29%、67.08%,P<0.05）。结论：青年脑卒中患者PI偏高,Vm、Vs、Vd、BHI、r CBFLI偏低,且PI随患者病情的加重而升高,Vm、Vs、Vd、BHI、r CBFLI随患者病情的加重而降低,另PI、BHI、r CBFLI可评估患者预后情况,三者联合检测对青年脑卒中患者预后的预测价值更高。     

脐血流S/D 比值异常108 例临床分析

目的:应用胎儿脐血流检测仪测定脐动脉S/D值探讨导致脐血流S/D比值升高的主要原因。方法:对2009年9月~2010年12月在我院进行产前检查的1919例孕28~42周的孕妇检测胎儿脐动脉血流(S/D)。结果:异常组108例的脐带因素、胎儿窘迫、羊水过少及妊高征的发生率均明显高于正常组,两者比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:脐动脉S/D比值增高可及早地警示和发现胎儿宫内缺氧情况,指导临床提早采取干预和处理措施,提高围产保健质量。     

胎儿心脏超声对足月胎儿出生后血液动力学变化的影响

摘要 目的：探讨胎儿心脏超声对足月胎儿出生后血液动力学变化的影响。方法：2018年7月1日到2020年6月30日选择在本院分娩的足月胎儿22750例,其中高危分娩组872例,正常分娩组21878例。所有胎儿都给予心脏超声,记录血液动力学变化情况并进行相关性分析。结果：所有胎儿的超声图像评分≥2分,平均2.87±0.14分,符合诊断要求。高危分娩组的主动脉与肺动脉FHR值高于正常分娩组(P<0.05),PTV值低于正常分娩组(P<0.05)。高危分娩组的脐动脉RI与PI值高于正常分娩组(P<0.05),而大脑中动脉RI与PI值低于正常分娩组(P<0.05)。在高危分娩组中,随访确诊先心病45例,发生率为5.2 %;正常分娩组随访确诊32例,发生率为0.1 %,对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在足月胎儿22750例中,Pearson相关分析显示先心病与脐动脉RI、PI值、主动脉和肺动脉FHR值、PTV值都存在相关性(P<0.05)。结论：胎儿心脏超声可反映足月胎儿出生后血液动力学变化情况,可指导临床医师及时对高危分娩作出适当处理。     

Effect of preceding exercise on cerebral and splanchnic vascular responses to mental task

Background

To investigate the effect of preceding acute exercise on the peripheral vascular response to a mental task, we measured splanchnic and cerebral blood flow responses to performing a mental task after exercise and resting.

Methods

In the exercise trial, 11 males exercised for 30 min on a cycle ergometer with a workload set at 70% of the age-predicted maximal heart rate for each individual. After a 15-min recovery period, the subjects rested for 5 min for pre-task baseline measurement and then performed mental arithmetic for 5 min followed by 5 min of post-task measurement. In the resting trial, they rested for 45 min and pre-task baseline data was obtained for 5 min. Then mental arithmetic was performed for 5 min followed by post-task measurement. We measured the mean blood velocity in the middle cerebral artery and superior mesenteric artery and the mean arterial pressure.

Results

Mean arterial pressure and mean blood velocity in the middle cerebral artery were significantly higher than the baseline during mental arithmetic in both exercise and resting trials. Mean blood velocity in the middle cerebral artery during mental arithmetic was greater in the control trial than the exercise trial. Mean blood velocity in the superior mesenteric artery showed no significant change during mental arithmetic from baseline in both trials.

Conclusion

These results suggest that acute exercise can moderate the increase in cerebral blood flow induced by a mental task.     

三七总皂甙对动物脑缺血性损伤的保护作用

观察三七总皂甙（ＳａｐｏｎｉｎｓｏｆＰａｎａｘｎｏｔｏｇｉｎｓｅｎｇＰＮＳ）对小鼠全脑缺血和大鼠局灶性脑缺血（ＭＣＡＯ）的影响。结果发现ＰＮＳ（５０、１００ｍｇ．ｋｇ－１×３ｄ,ｉｐ）明显延长断头或ｉｖ饱和ＭｇＣｌ２后喘息持续时间。ＰＮＳ２００ｍｇ．ｋｇ－１术前３０ｍｉｎ或ＭＣＡＯ术后１５ｍｉｎｉｐ能减少ＭＣＡＯ术后２４ｈ脑梗塞面积,改善神经功能障碍及行为异常,减轻神经细胞缺血性损害。提示ＰＮＳ对缺血性脑损伤有保护作用。     

头孢曲松神经保护作用的研究

目的：探讨头孢曲松通过抑炎通路发挥神经保护作用的机制。方法：45只雄性sD大鼠,随机分为3组（n=15）,预处理组在大鼠大脑中动脉阻断（MCAo）前5d每日给予腹腔注射头孢曲松缓冲液（200mg／kg）,观察局灶性脑缺血2h再灌注24h后,各组间大鼠神经行为学评分、脑梗死容积变化、小胶质细胞和IL-1β的数量变化。结果：再灌注24h后,头孢曲松预处理组可改善大鼠神经行为学评分和脑梗死面积（P〈0．05）,小胶质细胞活化数量减少（P〈0．05）,ELISA检测IL-1β分泌数量有显著下降趋势,但无统计学差异（P=0．18）。结论：头孢曲松可以部分抑制小胶质细胞活化,减少IL-1β释放发挥神经保护作用。     

Meningeal arterial patterns in great apes: Implications for hominid vascular evolution

Arterial meningeal patterns were observed for 100 hemispheres from great ape endocasts (Pan paniscus, Pan troglodytes, Gorilla gorilla, and Pongo pygmaeus). Eight patterns emerged based on the relative contributions to the walls and dura mater of the middle part of the braincase of meningeal arteries that stem from two sources. These arteries enter the braincase through either the orbit (delivering blood from the internal carotid artery) or through the base of the middle cranial fossa (via the middle meningeal artery whose blood comes from the external carotid artery). The three genera of apes manifest different frequencies of the eight, patterns, with orangutans highly dependent on orbital meningeal arteries at one extreme, and chimpanzees showing the greatest reliance on the middle meningeal artery at the other. As was the case in an earlier study of rhesus monkeys, there is a trend across the two genera of African apes for increased mean cranial capacity to be associated with increased reliance on the internal carotid artery for supplying the middle portion of the braincase. However, unlike the case for macaques, this trend does not reach statistical significance in African apes. Because it is rare for humans to manifest significant arterial contributions from the orbit to the middle cranial fossa, the comparative data on monkeys, apes, and humans suggest that, during the course of vascular evolution in Homo, the middle meningeal artery eventually took over supply of the entire middle cranial fossa. This hypothesis should be tested in the hominid fossil record. Earlier work on meningeal arterial patterns in apes has traditionally relied on Adachi's system that was determined from humans and focuses on the origin of the middle branch of the middle meningeal artery. As a result, the extensive orbital contributions to the middle portion of the braincase that characterize apes were not recognized and the eight patterns described in this paper were often erroneously assigned to the three patterns that adequately describe only humans. Adachi's system should therefore be abandoned for nonhuman primates and early hominids. A correct understanding of meningeal arterial evolution cannot be achieved until the orbital contributions to the meningeal arteries are recognized and incorporated into an evolutionary study that spans from apes to fossil hominids to living people. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Anti-ischemic Effect of Curcumin in Rat Brain

Turmeric has been in use since ancient times as a condiment and due to its medicinal properties. Curcumin, the yellow colouring principle in turmeric, is polyphenolic and major active constituent. Besides anti-inflammatory, thrombolytic and anticarcinogenic activities, curcumin also possesses strong antioxidant property. In view of the novel combination of properties, neuroprotective efficacy of curcumin was studied in rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. Rats were subjected to 2 h of focal ischemia followed by 72 h of reperfusion. They were pre-treated with curcumin (100 mg/kg, po) for 5 days prior to MCAO and for another 3 days after MCAO. The parameters studied were behavioural, biochemical and histological. Treatment with curcumin could significantly improve neurobehavioral performance compared to untreated ischemic rats as judged by its effect on rota-rod performance and grid walking. A significant inhibition in lipid peroxidation and an increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in corpus striatum and cerebral cortex was observed following treatment with curcumin in MCAO rats as compared to MCAO group. Intracellular calcium levels were decreased following treatment with curcumin in MCAO rats. Histologically, a reduction in the infarct area from 33% to 24% was observed in MCAO rats treated with curcumin. The study demonstrates the protective efficacy of curcumin in rat MCAO model.     

头孢曲松神经保护作用的研究

目的:探讨头孢曲松通过抑炎通路发挥神经保护作用的机制。方法:45只雄性SD大鼠,随机分为3组(n=15),预处理组在大鼠大脑中动脉阻断(MCAO)前5 d每日给予腹腔注射头孢曲松缓冲液(200 mg/kg),观察局灶性脑缺血2 h再灌注24 h后,各组间大鼠神经行为学评分、脑梗死容积变化、小胶质细胞和IL-1β的数量变化。结果:再灌注24 h后,头孢曲松预处理组可改善大鼠神经行为学评分和脑梗死面积(P<0.05),小胶质细胞活化数量减少(P<0.05),ELISA检测IL-1β分泌数量有显著下降趋势,但无统计学差异(P=0.18)。结论:头孢曲松可以部分抑制小胶质细胞活化,减少IL-1β释放发挥神经保护作用。     

改良线栓法大鼠大脑中动脉阻塞模型的建立

目的对大鼠大脑中动脉阻塞（MCAO）再灌注模型进行改良,通过比较再灌注24h时大鼠神经功能评分、梗死率、模型制作时间、成功率和死亡率等指标评价改良线栓法大鼠MCAO再灌注模型的有效性。方法12只SD大鼠随机分为对照和模型两组,对照组采用分离结扎翼腭动脉,从颈外动脉插入线栓至大脑中动脉。模型组采用不分离结扎翼腭动脉,从颈总动脉分叉处插入线栓至大脑中动脉。阻断大脑中动脉血供2h后将线栓拔出实现再灌注。于再灌注24h时观察脑组织组织病理学改变,计算比较两组大鼠神经功能评分、模型制作时间、模型成功率和死亡率以及鼠脑切片TTC染色测量脑梗死率。结果两组MCAO模型在再灌注24h后大鼠神经功能评分、梗死率、模型成功率和死亡率等方面没有显著差异;模型组的模型制作时间显著少于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论采用不分离结扎翼腭动脉,由颈总动脉插入线栓的改良线栓法是稳定和可靠的MCAO造模方法。     

大鼠大脑中动脉可逆性阻塞的实验研究

用直径0.2mm的尼龙线经颈内动脉可逆性插入到大脑前动脉,建立了大鼠局部脑缺血再灌注模型。经TTC染色、印度墨水灌流、血脑屏障损伤及神经症状的观察证实该模型能较好地模拟脑缺血再灌注的病理发展过程。且不须开颅,方法简单。本文还对神经行为缺陷的检查及分级标准作了探讨。     

Long non-coding RNA RMST silencing protects against middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced ischemic stroke

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as major regulators in neurological diseases, and clarifying their roles in cerebral ischemic injury may provide novel targets for treating ischemic stroke. In this study, we mainly studied the role of lncRNA-RMST in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced mouse brain injury. We showed that RMST expression level was significantly up-regulated in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated primary hippocampal neuron, MCAO-induced injured brain, and the plasma of patients with ischemic stroke. RMST silencing protected against MCAO-induced ischemic brain injury in vivo and OGD-induced primary hippocampal neuron injury in vitro. Intracerebroventricular injection of RMST shRNA significantly decreased brain RMST expression, reduced brain infarct size, and improved neurological function. Collectively, this study provides evidence that lncRNA is involved in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain injury, and suggests a promising approach of RMST inhibition in treating ischemic stroke.