DNA生物传感器研究进展

本根据作用机理不同将ＤＮＡ生物传感器分为ＤＮＡ光化学传感器,ＤＮＡ电化学传感器和压电晶体传感器,并就几种方面的研究进展进行了综述。     

压电生物传感器

压电生物传感器是一种将高灵敏的压电传感器与特异的生物反应结合在一起的新型生物分析方法,这一方法不需要任何标记,且食品构造简单、操作方便,引起人们的浓厚兴趣,逐渐成为生物传感器领域中的一项研究热点。本文就压电免疫传感器及压电基因传感器在微生物、蛋白质及基因检测等方面的研究应用作一综述。压电生物传感器在分子生物学、疾病诊断和治疗、新药开发、司法鉴定等领域具有很大开发潜力。     

生物传感器

生物传感器 (biosensor)是由固定化生物物质与适当的化学信号换能器件组成的生物电化学分析系统 ,具有特异识别生物分子的能力 ,并能检测生物分子与分析物之间的相互作用 ,用于微量物质的检测。1　生物传感器的优点生物传感器与传统的化学传感器和离线分析技术(如 HPLC或质谱 )相比 ,具有许多不可比拟的优势 ,如高度特异性 ,灵敏度高 ,稳定性好 ,成本低廉 ,体积小 ,能在复杂的体系中进行快速在线的连续检测。一般不需要样品的预处理 ,样品用量少 ,响应快 ,固定化敏感材料可反复多次使用 ,成本远低于大型分析仪器 ,易于推广普及。2　生物传…     

用于环境监测的生物传感器

生物传感器是一项综合了多门学科的高新技术,具有特异性好、灵敏度高、分析速度快、能在复杂体系中在线连续监测等特点,被广泛用于生命科学、医学检验、食品安全及环境监测等多个领域。其中,在环境检测中的应用尤为令人瞩目。该文概括了生物传感器的原理、发展以及分类。并以各类生物学识别元件为依据将生物传感器分为酶传感器、微生物传感器、组织器官传感器、细胞器传感器、免疫传感器、DNA传感器等几种基本类型,分别回顾了各类生物传感器在环境监测中的应用情况,并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

压电生物传感器研究进展

作为一项新兴综合型科学技术,生物传感器是近年来生物化学、分子生物学、传感器技术等领域的研究热点之一。本介绍了压电生物传感器的基本原理、组成、分类,并对近年来国内外的研究进展、生物识别元件的固定化技术以及压电生物传感器的发展趋势作综合评述。     

生物传感器概述

生物传感器概述田桂英（中国农科院科技文献信息中心,１０００８１）生物传感器（Ｂｉｏｓｅｎｓｏｒｓ）是一种新兴的生物技术产品,在分析领域中具有极大的潜力和应用前景。生物传感器是传感器学科中的一个重要分支。八十年代中后期,世界上一些国家,特别是日本和欧美...     

生物传感器在食源性致病菌检测中应用的研究进展

食源性致病菌作为引起食源性疾病的主要因素,受到人们的高度重视,发展简便、快速、高灵敏度和低成本的食源性致病菌检测方法对降低食源性疾病发病率具有重要意义。生物传感器技术是一种由多学科交叉渗透发展形成的全新微量分析技术,具有灵敏度高、分析速度快等特点,被广泛应用于食源性致病菌的检测。文中介绍了生物传感器的基本原理,综述了常见的生物传感器在食源性致病菌检测中的应用,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。     

核酸生物传感器及其研究进展

核酸生物传感器在涉及分子生物学的研究领域具有重要意义.为适应分子生物学及其相关学科的发展需要,其研究正成为90年代生物传感技术研究热点.文章对核酸生物传感器的工作原理、分类、研究现状以及发展趋势作了较详细的介绍.     

生物传感器及其实际应用

以萤火虫发光为例,简述什么是生物传感器;生物传感器的特点和应用效益;生物传感产品在医学诊断、食品、饮料生产企业的卫生检测、环境污染监测等诸多领域中的应用;并对生物传感产品的现有和未来潜在市场作了分析和评价。     

Biosensors for process monitoring

Summary A short review about the biosensor research activities for bioprocess monitoring in the F.R.G. after its reunification is given. The principles of biosensor applications are presented. In situ sensors and sensors based on the principles of flow injection analysis are studied. Some applications of a four-channel enzyme thermistor, bio-field effect transistors, and immunoanalysis systems for real process monitoring are presented.     

Biosensors for the evaluation of lipase activity

In the review a comprehensive analysis is given of instrumental analytical approaches to control the activity of lipolytic enzymes and their substrates. A special attention is attached to the methods based on the biosensor technology. A number of electrochemical, optical and mechanical biosensors that were developed in several laboratories are analyzed in detail. In addition, perspectives are evaluated for the development of these biosensors and their practical application. It was concluded that biosensors may provide all practical demands which are in enzymology field at the express determination of lipase activity and triacylglycerol levels in biological objects.     

生物传感器快速测定BOD的研究

生化需氧量(biochemicaloxygendemand,BOD)是一种表征水体有机污染程度的综合指标,广泛应用于水体监测和废水处理厂的运行控制。由于BOD的标准测定方法需时5天,不能及时地反映水质状况和反馈处理信息,因此快速测定BOD的方法和仪器化研究近年来得到广泛的重视。利用生物传感器测定BOD是一种有效地快速测定废水中可生化降解有机物的方法。介绍生物传感器的工作原理及其生物敏感材料,讨论BOD传感器的性能参数以及BOD快速测定值(BODst)与标准BOD5值的一致性问题。对现阶段市场上常见的几种BOD快速测定仪进行简单的介绍,并对它们的性能进行比较 。     

场效应晶体管生物传感器在生物医学检测中的应用研究进展*

场效应晶体管生物传感器因其灵敏度高、分析速度快、无标记、体积小、操作简单等特点而受到了很多关注,广泛应用于DNA、蛋白质、细胞、离子等生物识别物的检测。近年来,更有纳米材料和微电子技术在传感器设计中提高传感器的传感性能,场效应晶体管生物传感器朝着高灵敏、微型化、快速化以及多功能化的方向以令人惊叹的速度发展。研究场效应晶体管生物传感器工作原理,阐述近年来场效应晶体管生物传感器在生物医学检测领域中最新的研究进展与应用,探讨场效应晶体管生物传感器克服各种缺陷的应对策略,为该传感器在未来生物医学检测中的开发提供参考。     

Thermostable Proteins as Probe for the Design of Advanced Fluorescence Biosensors

In this review we explore the advantages deriving from the use of either enzymes or sugar binding proteins isolated from thermophilic organisms to develop stable fluorescence biosensors. We report on a novel approach to address the consumption of the analyte by enzyme-based biosensors, namely the utilization of apo-enzymes as non-active forms of proteins which are still able to bind the ligand but cannot transform it into product. We also report recent studies in which the fluorescence labeling of a naturally thermostable binding protein allows a quantitative determination of glucose.This work is dedicated to Prof. Koki Horikoshi for his outstanding contribution to the knowledge of the world of extremophiles.     

生物传感器应用于食源性致病菌检测研究进展

生物传感器技术是一种由生物、化学、物理、医学、电子技术等多种学科互相渗透形成起来的高新微量分析技术,具有选择性好、灵敏度高、分析速度快、成本低、能在复杂的体系中进行在线连续监测的特点.本文根据生物传感器的分子识别元件将生物传感器分为DNA传感器、免疫传感器、细胞传感器三大类,简要介绍各种生物传感器的原理及其在检测食源性致病菌方面的应用情况,并对未来生物传感器应用于实际检测进行了展望.     

Detection of Glucose and Related Analytes by Biosensors: A Fractal Analysis

A fractal analysis is used to model the binding and dissociation kinetics of connective tissue interstitial glucose, adipose tissue interstitial glucose, insulin, and other related analytes on biosensor surfaces. The analysis provides insights into diffusion-limited analyte-receptor reactions occurring on heterogeneous biosensor surfaces. Numerical values obtained for the binding and the dissociation rate coefficients are linked to the degree of heterogeneity or roughness [fractal dimension (D_f)] present on the biosensor chip surface. The binding and dissociation rate coefficients are sensitive to the degree of heterogeneity on the surface. For example, for the binding of plasma insulin, as the fractal dimension value increases by a factor of 2.47 from D_f1 = 0.6827 to D_f2 = 1.6852, the binding rate coefficient increases by a factor of 4.92 from k₁ = 1.0232 to k₂ = 5.0388. An increase in the degree of heterogeneity on the probe surface leads to an increase in the binding rate coefficient. A dual-fractal analysis is required to fit the binding kinetics in most of the cases presented. A single fractal analysis is adequate to describe the dissociation kinetics. Affinity (ratio of the binding to the dissociation rate coefficient) values are also presented. Interferents for glucose, such as uric acid and ascorbic acid, were also detected by using glucose biosensors based on carbon nanotube (CNT) nanoelectrode ensembles (NEEs) (Lin Y, Lu F, Tu Y, Ren Z. Nano Lett 2004, 4, 191–195).     

Biosensors for phenolic compounds: The catechol as a substrate model

The behaviour of three different laccase-based graphite biosensors was studied in view of their use in agricultural or industrial waters polluted by phenolic compounds. Catechol was used as a substrate model. Laccase from Trametes versicolor was immobilized on one biosensor (type A electrode) by adsorption while, on the other two biosensor types, laccase was covalently bound through the carboxylic groups created on the graphite by means of treatment with an electric potential difference (type B electrode) or with nitric acid (type C electrode). In the latter two cases, hexamethylenediamine and glutaraldehyde were used as the spacer and the coupling agent, respectively. The extension of linear response range and the sensitivity and time stability of each biosensor type were investigated. The type C biosensor gave the best results and its electrochemical properties proved comparable to those reported by other authors.     

Amperometric Multi-Enzyme Biosensors: Development and Application,a Short Review

Biophysics - Abstract—In the last decade, significant progress has been made in the development of enzyme biosensors, which are used in pharmacology, clinical practice, agriculture, food...