汉族ABO血型的皮纹特征分析

作者对芜湖地区３８２例（男２２０人;女１６２人）汉族ＡＢＯ血型的皮纹特征进行了分析,其中Ｏ型１３０人,Ａ型１１３人,Ｂ型１０１人,ＡＢ型３８人。分析比较了指纹类型、指纹组合格局、指嵴纹计数、掌嵴纹计数、ａｔｄ角,掌部真实花纹,掌褶纹和拇趾球纹等项参数,结果表明,ＡＢＯ各血型的皮纹参数间有若干统计学差异。     

安徽亳州地区回族的皮纹研究

本文报告了安徽省亳州地区400例 (男女各200人) 回族健康人的皮纹参数正常值。调查分析了指纹类型、指嵴纹计数、掌嵴纹计数、主线止区、atd角、t距比、掌褶和掌部花纹类型等项参数。比较了不同性别、左右侧、不同民族和人种间的差异。结果表明,回族有自己的手纹特点,又显示蒙古人种的一般特征。     

西藏藏族起源初探——来自掌指纹的线索

本文采用分层整群抽样的调查方法捺印1183名藏族青少年的掌指纹, 分析掌指纹参数,然后与其他56个群体的掌指纹参数进行聚类分析, 进而从肤纹学角度探讨藏族的起源。发现藏族指纹以斗型纹为主(52.89%), 其次为箕型纹(42.95%), 弓形纹出现频率最低(4.16%); 总指嵴线计数为139.01(其中男性为144.75, 女性为133.87); atd角在男性为42.95°, 女性为43.28°。掌指纹参数聚类分析显示: 藏族与汉族和氐羌氏族的后裔(门巴族、普米族、羌族等)等我国北方人群聚在一起。因而从肤纹学角度推断藏族与汉族和氐羌氏族的亲缘关系较近, 而与印度人和孟加拉人的亲缘关系较远。     

掌纹屈肌线纹型的量化研究

本文提出一组定量描述掌纹屈肌线纹型的特征向量,以描述和区分传统皮纹学中定义的6种掌纹屈肌线纹型。用该特征向量对151例(302只手掌掌纹)样本的6种屈肌线纹型进行了描述,并用Fisher判别分析进行了多类判别。结果发现,6种屈肌线纹型的分类判别正确率达到96.0%,其中桥贯型、悉尼型、通贯型、叉贯型的分类正确率为100%。为检验判别效果,用"刀切法"原则进行了回代交叉核实,验证后的正确率亦为96.0%,验证效果较好。结论认为,所采用的特征向量与相应的判别方法结合,能描述并区分不同的屈肌线纹型,并可得到较高分类正确率。     

长江中下游褶纹冠蚌10个群体COⅠ基因序列变异分析

以线粒体COⅠ基因为分子标记,对长江中下游褶纹冠蚌(Cristaria plicata)10个群体共200个个体的遗传多样性进行了研究。获得了620bp的同源序列,A+T的平均含量为60.1%,明显高于G+C含量(39.9%),有105个核苷酸变异位点,占全部碱基数的17%,转换和颠换之比达到8.7,检测到了58个单倍型(GenBank登录号:EU698893～EU698950),Hap-5是主体单倍型,占总个体数的41%。褶纹冠蚌鄱阳湖群体(PY)平均核苷酸差异数和核苷酸多样性指数均最高,分别为25.426和0.04101,太湖群体(TH)和衢州群体(QZ)遗传多样性参数较低。基于群体间遗传距离构建的NJ系统树中,洪泽湖内的3个群体与巢湖群体首先聚为一支,然后与由钱塘江群体、太湖群体、衢州群体和洪湖群体聚成的分支聚在一起,而后与洞庭湖群体聚在一起,最外侧一支为鄱阳湖群体。分子方差分析(AMOVA)得出群体间的遗传分化指数(Fst)为0.2081(P<0.001),说明我国褶纹冠蚌不同群体间存在一定的遗传分化。     

暗纹东方鲀线粒体COⅡ及两侧tRNA基因的克隆和序列分析

用细胞色素氧化酶第二亚基基因(COⅡ)特异性引物对暗纹东方(Takifugu fasciatus)的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)进行PCR扩增,克隆并测定了COⅡ及其侧翼tRNA基因的全序列,结果显示,COⅡ基因691 bp和5′端上游的tRNAAsn基因及3′端下游的tRNALys基因序列共890 bp。用DNA分析软件比较暗纹东方与GenBank中9个目11种鱼类的COⅡ序列,显示暗纹东方与这些鱼类的COⅡ基因具有较高的同源性;其中与同属红鳍东方(T.rubripes)的同源性最高为99.0%。暗纹东方COⅡ基因的核苷酸组成中,A T含量为56%,与其他11种鱼类的A T含量(55%~62%)相近。鱼类COⅡ序列组成对A T核苷酸的偏倚程度比较低。根据暗纹东方与其他11种鱼的COⅡ基因序列同源性所建立的分子进化树,与传统的分类地位基本吻合。推定的tRNA二级结构为典型的三叶草型结构。     

遗传性共济失调症家系手纹分析

本文报道了河南省永城县一遗传性共济失调症家系(汉族)的手纹,收集到手纹样本70人,与汉族正常人比较,该家系尺箕偏低,弓型纹较高(P<0.01);掌褶普通型少,而通贯型和过渡I型多(P<0.01);atd角偏大;指三叉c主线至7、9区者出现率高(P<0.01)。     

长江中下游褶纹冠蚌10个群体CO I基因序列变异分析

以线粒体CO I基因为分子标记,对长江中下游褶纹冠蚌(Cristaria plicata)10个群体共200个个体的遗传多样性进行了研究.获得了620 bp的同源序列,A+T的平均含量为60.1%,明显高于G+C含量(39.9%),有105个核苷酸变异位点,占全部碱基数的17%,转换和颠换之比达到8.7,检测到了58个单倍型(GenBank登录号:EU698893～EU698950),Hap-5是主体单倍型,占总个体数的41%.褶纹冠蚌鄱阳湖群体(PY)平均核苷酸差异数和核苷酸多样性指数均最高,分别为25.426和0.041 01,太湖群体(TH)和衢州群体(QZ)遗传多样性参数较低.基于群体间遗传距离构建的NJ系统树中,洪泽湖内的3个群体与巢湖群体首先聚为一支,然后与由钱塘江群体、太湖群体、衙州群体和洪湖群体聚成的分支聚在一起,而后与洞庭湖群体聚在一起,最外侧一支为鄱阳湖群体.分子方差分析(AMOVA)得出群体间的遗传分化指数(Fst)为0.208 1(P<0.001),说明我国褶纹冠蚌不同群体间存在一定的遗传分化.     

广西侗族手指指毛的分布

本文调查了广西三江侗族18至50岁农民和学生279人(男153、女126)的手指指毛分布。结果说明,近侧和中间指节除发现一例女性没有指毛以外,其余均有指毛,远侧指节无指毛。男女两性间指毛的出现率无明显差异,左右手指指毛分布基本上对称。     

高危型HPV检测在宫颈ASCUS分流及随访中的应用

目的:分析高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检测对宫颈非典型鳞状上皮细胞(ASCUS)患者分流管理的作用,提高分流管理合理性。方法:对200例经液基薄层细胞学(TCT)检查确诊为ASCUS患者采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应技术(FQPCR)检测HPV分型,并进行病理活检。观察高位型HPV阳性率及分型及其与宫颈病变的关系。结果:200例患者中有101例检出高危型HPV阳性,阳性率为50.50%;病理活检确诊正常或炎症、宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)Ⅰ级、CINⅡ~Ⅲ级、鳞状细胞癌各有114例、32例、51例、3例,分别占57.00%、16.00%、25.50%、1.50%,高危型HPV阳性率分别为18.42%、87.50%、96.08%、100.00%,≥CINII级病变患者高危型HPV阳性率高于CINⅡ级组,差异比较有显著性(P0.05)。结论:高危型HPV检测可为宫颈ASCUS的合理分流提供可靠依据。     

Staining of fungal cell walls with fluorescent brighteners: Flow-cytometric analysis

Spore walls ofBackusella lamprospora (Mucorales) were stained with ten fluorescent brighteners (FB) and the intensity of their fluorescence was determined. The fluorescence was most intense with Uvitex 2B (100%), other brighteners yielding lower fluorescence intensities: Blankophor BA 267% and BA 200% about 75%, Rylux BSU about 50%, other Rylux agents 10–30%. The agents most suitable for microscopic diagnostics of human and animal mycoses are Uvitex 2B, Blankophor BA 267% and BA 200%, Rylux BSU, and also Rylux BS and PRS. The regulation of excessive fluorescence of fungal cells during microscopic observation is discussed. For the purposes of microscopic diagnosis of human and animal mycosis Uvitex 2B, Blankophor BA 267% and BA 200%, Rylux BSU and, possibly, Rylux BS and PRS are recommended.     

A comparison of the effects of physical and chemical mutagens in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Three sesame genotypes (Rama, SI 1666 and IC 21706) were treated with physical (γ-rays: 200 Gy, 400 Gy or 600 Gy) or chemical (ethyl methane sulphonate, EMS: 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% or 2.0%) mutagens and their mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency were estimated in the M (2) generation. The M (3) generation was used to identify the most effective mutagen and dose for induction of mutations. The average effectiveness of EMS was much higher than γ-rays. The lowest dose of γ-rays (200 Gy) and the lowest concentration of EMS (0.5%) showed the highest mutagenic efficiency in all genotypes. Analysis of the M (3) generation data based on parameters such as the variance ratio and the difference in residual variances derived from the model of Montalván and Ando indicated that 0.5% concentration of EMS was the most effective treatment for inducing mutations.     

中亚热带常绿阔叶林林隙及其自然干扰特征的研究

通过对福建万木林中亚热带常绿阔叶林中96个林隙的调查,研究了中亚热带常绿阔叶林的基本特征和自然干扰规律,结果表明,在中亚热带常绿阔叶林中,扩展林隙(EG)和冠空隙(CG)在中亚热带常绿阔叶林景观中的面积比例分别为50．86％和16．66％,每年干扰频率分别为0．85％·年^-1和0．28％·年^-1,林隙干扰的返回间隔期约为357年．林隙形成方式由树木折干形成的最为普遍,占形成木总数58．04％。其次是由于掘根风倒而形成的,占33．48％．林隙大多由两株树木形成,平均每个林隙拥有形成木2．33株．扩展林隙的大小多在100～300m^2之间,其中以200～300m^2者所占的面积比例最大,而以100～200m^2者所占的数量比例最大,冠空隙的大小多在100m^2以下,其中50m^2以下所占的数量比例和面积比例都是最大的．林隙形成木分布最多的径级在20～30cm之间。     

Detection of cytotoxic necrotizing factor types 1 and 2 among fecal Escherichia coli isolates from Brazilian children with and without diarrhea

The enteropathogenic role of cytotoxic necrotizing factor (CNF)-producing Escherichia coli was investigated by searching cnf genes among 2074 isolates from 200 children with and 200 without acute diarrhea in Brazil. Fourteen (7%) cases versus 10 (5%) control children carried at least one cnf positive isolate (P = 0.50) and most isolates expressed CNF type 1. DNA sequences of virulence factors of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) were detected in 78.6% of CNF1-producing isolates. Besides not being associated with human acute diarrhea, the CNF1-producing isolates here identified may represent potential ExPEC transitorily composing the normal intestinal flora.     

A study of Tinea capitis in Libya (Benghazi)

Tinea capitis formed 20% of all superficial mycotic infections, which in turn represented 12% of all skin disease diagnosed at the skin outpatient department of Al-Jamaheria hospital in Benghazi. The majority (94%) of tinea capitis occurred in children. A sample of 200 cases cultured revealed Trichophyton schoenleinii to be the most prevalent species of dermatophyte (69.5%) followed by Microsporum audouinii. (23.8%).     

Dose—response relationship for X-ray-induced reciprocal translocations in stem-cell spermatogonia of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

The induction of reciprocal translocation in stem-cell spermatogonia of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) was studied after testicular X-irradiation of mature males (50, 100 and 200 rad) or whole-body irradiation of young males (200 and 300 rad). After the recovery of the germinal epithelium, cytogenetic analysis was carried out on spermatocytes descended from irradiation spermatogonia. Preparations of C-banded diakinesis-metaphase I were screened for translocation configurations. The frequencies of abberations obtained were 0% at 0 rad, 0.36% at 50% rad, 0.86% at 100 rad, 0.99% at 200 rad and 0.68% at 300 rad, suggesting a humped dose—response relationship. There was no evidence for the contribution of a quadratic component to the yield in the lower dose range. A comparison of these results with those obtained for other mammals by a number on investigators shows that the frequencies of translocations in the rhesus monkey are much lower than those published for most other mammalian species.     

Evaluation of some adhesives for collecting Musca domestica and Chrysomya megacephala adults or mosquito larvae in sticky traps

1. Seven types of water-insoluble adhesives were evaluated in sticky traps for collecting adults of Musca domestica L. and Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) or mosquito larvae (Aedes aegypti (L.) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say). 2. Adhesive viscosity affected the tackiness of the glues and this determined their trapping efficiency in air or water. 3. From the 'Hyvis' range of adhesives tested, 'Hyvis 200' was most effective for trapping adult flies. 4. With 24 h exposure to fourth instar Ae.aegypti larvae in tapwater, submerged plates coated with 'Hyvis 10', 'Hyvis 30' or 'Hyvis 200' formulations trapped the majority of larvae. In polluted water the highest rates of trapping were 17.3% of Ae.aegypti and 18.7% of Cx quinquefasciatus with 'Hyvis 200'. Floating traps were consistently less productive than submerged traps under laboratory conditions. 5. In a heavily polluted natural breeding-site of Cx quinquefasciatus, floating traps were more productive than submerged sticky traps with four of seven adhesives tested, the most efficient being 'Hyvis 200' (4.2 mosquitoes per hour) and Hyvis:polyethylene 90:10 (4.5/h). Despite the relative inefficiency of aquatic traps, emergent adults, pupae and second to fourth instars of larvae were collected quickly from the habitat.     

The effect of a nitrification inhibitor on the concentration of nitrate in grass during growth

Summary In an experiment on clay-loam soil ammonium sulphate with or without the nitrification inhibitor 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine (at 2% of the weight of N in fertilizer) or sodium nitrate were applied at 100 or 200 lb N/acre to the seedbed before sowing S22 Italian ryegrass and again after the first cut. Eighty-four days after the first dressing, all the grass given 100 lb N/acre contained similar amounts of nitrate-N; with 200 lb N/acre, grass given ammonium sulphate alone contained most nitrate-N and grass given ammonium sulphate plus inhibitor least. Forty-two days after the second dressing, all the grass given 100 lb N/acre again contained similar amounts of nitrate-N and with 200 lb N/acre, grass given sodium nitrate contained most nitrate-N and that given ammonium sulphate plus inhibitor least.     

Purification, Characterization and cDNA Cloning of the 200 kDa Protein Induced by Cold Acclimation in Wheat

We have purified to homogeneity the 200 kDa protein inducedspecifically by low temperature in wheat (Triticum aestivumL.). The boiling solubility of the protein has been used asa main step in the purification procedure. Amino acid compositionindicates that the 200 kDa has a compositional bias for glycine(11.4%), threonine (13.3%), and alanine (22.0%). Using oligonucleotideprobes, we have isolated a clone (pWcs200) from a cold-acclimatedwinter wheat cDNA library. Northern analysis demonstrated thatthe expression of the corresponding gene was specifically upregulatedby low temperature. Southern analysis showed that the gene organizationand the relative copy number were identical in two cultivarsdiffering in their capacity to develop freezing tolerance. Proteinsequence and immunological analyses indicate that this proteinshares similar features with the 50 kDa protein induced duringcold acclimation of wheat. The two proteins are boiling-soluble,and possess similar repeated elements. These elements may beimportant for the development of freezing tolerance. We haveshown that the 200 kDa protein is the largest member of a familyof immunologically-related cold-induced proteins in wheat. Expressionof pWcs200 in E. coli yielded a product of around 200 kDa, indicatingthat the clone contains most of the coding region for this protein. (Received August 18, 1992; Accepted October 14, 1992)     

Diagnostic and prognostic value of miR-200 family in breast cancer: A meta-analysis and systematic review

BackgroundBreast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer for women all over the world. Great interests have been paid to discover accurate and noninvasive methods for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Although the diagnostic and prognostic value of microRNA-200 (miRNA- 200, miR-200) family has been revealed in many studies, the results were inconsistent. Thus, this meta-analysis aims to assess the overall value of miRNA-200 family in breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis.MethodRelevant studies were searched from the following databases: PubMed, PMC, EMBASE, and ScienceDirect using key words: ("miRNA-200 family" or "miR-141" or "miR-200a" or "miR-200b" or "miR-200c" or "miR-429") and (“HER2” or “Luminal A” or “Luminal B” or “TNBC”) and ("breast cancers" or "breast carcinoma" or "breast malignancy" or "breast tumor"). The sensitivity, specificity, AUC were then calculated to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of the miR-200 family. As for the prognostic value of the miR-200 family, the pooled hazard ratio (HR) was assessed. Heterogeneity among individual studies was also examined by subgroup analyses.ResultA total of 24 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The diagnostic value of miR-200s in BC was presented by the pooled sensitivity was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.83-0.88); the pooled specificity was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.72-0.89); the pooled AUC was 0.931 (95% CI: 0.919-0.942). Besides, expression of miR-200s in metastatic breast cancer has sensitivity, specificity and AUC of 0.70 (95%CI: 0.56-0.81), 0.72 (95%CI: 0.61-0.81), and 0.814 (95%CI: 0.741-0.903), respectively. The meta-analysis then revealed that high expression of miR-200 family corresponded to poor OS (HR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.03-2.52), poor DFS (HR: 1.55, 95% CI: 0.95-2.56) in BC patients while downregulation of miRNA-200s corresponded to poor OS (HR= 0.84, 95%CI: 0.46-1.63) in TNBC patients and poor OS (HR=0.49; 95%CI: 0.27-0.88) in luminal BC patient.ConclusionThe MiR-200 family has high diagnostic accuracy and can be used as an important biomarker to prognosticate breast cancer.