共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
昆虫病原线虫是新型的生物杀虫剂,其感染期幼虫是昆虫病原线虫产业化生产和应用的唯一虫态,对昆虫病原线虫基因功能的研究及转基因改造有助于推进昆虫病原线虫的产业化。本研究基于昆虫病原线虫"噬母现象"的原理,以不同的孵育液孵育小卷蛾斯氏线虫Steinernema carpocapsae的怀卵成虫,找到可以简单快速从怀卵成虫直接获得整齐龄期的感染期幼虫的方法,为该线虫卵或性腺的RNA干扰后感染期幼虫的收集及生物测定提供基础,为昆虫病原线虫的转基因改造以提高其环境耐受力提供技术支持。 相似文献
4.
昆虫病原线虫资源概况和分类技术进展 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
昆虫病原线虫是具有重要潜在应用价值的害虫生物防治资源,主要包括斯氏线虫科(Steinernematidae)的斯氏线虫属Steinernema与新斯氏线虫属Neosteinernema线虫和异小杆线虫科(Heterorhabditidae)的异小杆线虫属Heterorhabditis线虫。近10年来,分子生物学方法与传统的形态学方法相结合应用到线虫的鉴定与分类,昆虫病原线虫的分类进入稳定与发展时期,越来越多的新种或品系被发现及应用于生物防治。目前已描述的昆虫病原线虫种类达65种,其中斯氏线虫属52种,新斯氏线虫属1种,异小杆线虫属12种。本文整理列出了迄今报道的昆虫病原线虫种类及其来源,并综述了昆虫病原线虫分类现状以及鉴定与分类方法上的研究进展,重点阐述了分子生物学技术在昆虫病原线虫鉴定与分类的应用状况。 相似文献
5.
我国关于昆虫病原线虫分类的研究进展图立红(首都师范大学生物学系100037)昆虫病原线虫是目前国内外发展较快的一类生物杀虫剂,随着昆虫病原线虫学科的发展,对其资源的调查、开发和利用越来越受到重视。昆虫病原线虫,寄主范围广,寄生杀虫效果好,致死速度快,... 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
昆虫病原线虫研究概况 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
昆虫病原线虫 (entomopathogenicnematodes)是本世纪发展起来的一种有潜能的生物防治因子[1] 。它具有寄主范围广、能主动寻找寄主、对人畜及环境安全无毒 ,并能人工大量培养等优点。因此 ,在农药污染日益严重、害虫抗药性发展迅速的今天 ,昆虫病原线虫已成为可持续发展农业的迫切需要 ,受到国际生防领域的重视。特别是斯氏科线虫和小杆科线虫 ,已成为当前国际生防领域研究热点之一。本文简要概述了线虫的生物学特性、分类及致病机理等方面的研究 ,并结合目前存在的问题探讨了昆虫病原线虫的研究方向和发展前景。1… 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
Wiedenfeld Helmut Furmanowa Miroslawa Roeder Erhard Guzewska Joanna Gustowski Wlodzimierz 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1997,49(3):213-218
The process of callus induction, organogenesis and plantlets regeneration of Camptotheca acuminata Decne is reported. The highest growth rate of callus was observed on MS medium with 1 mg l−1 NAA, 1 mg l−1 kinetin and 60 g l−1 sucrose. All tissues and organs developed in vitro contain camptothecin and 10-hydroxycamptothecin. The presence of 10-hydroxycamptothecin in shoots and callus of Camptotheca acuminata Decne is reported for the first time. The alkaloids were detected and identified using HPLC methods.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
12.
13.
Abstract Genetic variability is found among plants derived from in vitro cultures of somatic cells. A number of different factors, such as the pre-existing genetic variation developed in vivo during tissue differentiation, the variation induced during the in vitro culture and also the selection for specific genotypes during plant regeneration, are considered as possible causes of the phenomenon. The nature of the genetic changes induced in somaclones (variation in chromosome number, gross and cryptic chromosomal rearrangements, transposition of genetic elements, gene amplification and somatic gene rearrangements) is also discussed. 相似文献
14.
非洲菊组培快繁技术的优化 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
6个品系非洲菊的快繁技术优化试验结果表明,花托是最好的外植体,其起始培养需要高浓度的6-BA,基因型对其离体培养响应有明显影响。经优化的花托快繁条件为:起始4周,1/2MS+BA10+NAA0.2(mg.L~(-1)下同);愈伤组织出苗4周、小苗增殖3周,MS+BA3.0+NAA0.2;生根3周,1/2MS+IAA1.0。花托的4周直接成芽率71%,花托愈伤组织的4周成芽率97%,小苗增殖倍数10倍以上,生根率99%,平均每苗7.4条根、根长30mm。 相似文献
15.
16.
Smith SL Everts RE Sung LY Du F Page RL Henderson B Rodriguez-Zas SL Nedambale TL Renard JP Lewin HA Yang X Tian XC 《Molecular reproduction and development》2009,76(1):38-47
In vitro production (IVP) has been shown to affect embryonic gene expression and often result in large offspring syndrome (LOS) in cattle and sheep. To dissect the effects of in vitro maturation, fertilization and culture on bovine embryos, we compared the expression profiles of single blastocysts generated by: (1) in vitro maturation, fertilization and culture (IVF); (2) in vivo maturation, fertilization and in vitro culture (IVD); and (3) in vivo maturation, fertilization and development (AI). To conduct expression profiling, total RNA was isolated from individual embryos, linearly amplified and hybridized to a custom bovine cDNA microarray containing approximately 6,300 unique genes. There were 306, 367, and 200 genes differentially expressed between the AI and IVD, IVF and IVD, and AI and IVF comparisons, respectively. Interestingly, 44 differentially expressed genes were identified between the AI embryos and both the IVF and IVD embryos, making these potential candidates for LOS. There were 60 genes differentially expressed between the IVF embryos and the AI and IVD embryos. The Gene Ontology category "RNA processing" was over-represented among the genes that were down-regulated in the IVF embryos, indicating an effect of in vitro oocyte maturation/fertilization on the ability to transcribe maternal RNA stores. A culture effect on the expression of genes involved in translation was also observed by the comparison of AI with IVD embryos. 相似文献
17.
18.
<i>In Vitro</i>-Propagation of <i>Agave tequilana</i> Weber cv. azul in a Temporary Immersion System
Otilio Vázquez-Martínez Héctor Gordon Núñez-Palenius Eugenio M. Pérez-Molphe Balch Mauricio Valencia-Posadas Luis Pérez-Moreno Graciela M. L. Ruiz-Aguilar M. Gómez-Lim 《Phyton》2022,91(1):83-96
In Mexico, there is a need to produce large quantities of plantlets for the establishment and replanting of blue (cv. azul) agave production areas. Most of these plots are within the origin denomination area (DOT, Spanish acronym) of the distilled product of this plant, known as tequila. The objective of this study was to develop an in vitro-propagation protocol for Agave tequilana Weber cv. azul using segmented stems in both: solid and liquid media. A disinfection and in vitro technique were developed to obtain shoots, through plantlets collected in commercial plots, which attained 100% surface-disinfection and budding rate. At the multiplication stage, the effects of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BA) (0.0, 4.4 and 13.2 μM) and kinetin (0.0, 9.4, 18.8 and 37.6 μM) were evaluated on lateral-shoot production of segmented sagittal stems. These were cultivated on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium, with the addition of 3.0% sucrose and 8 g L−1 agar. It was observed that BA and kinetin increased the number of shoots per explant, obtaining up to 18 and 26, respectively. Furthermore, it was found that just the sagittal segmentation of explants increased axillary budding. On the other hand, segmented-stem bases were grown in MS liquid medium with 3.0% sucrose, inside a RITA® system, programmed by a 5 min immersion step with a frequency of every 4 h. The effect of Indole−3-Acetic acid (IAA) (0.57, 2.9, 5.7 μM) was evaluated, while maintaining a concentration of BA (13.2 μM). It was observed that the greatest concentration of IAA led to the formation of more than 20 buds per explant. These results offer a new methodology to increase the efficiency of A. tequilana Weber cv. azul-in vitro multiplication by sagittal segmentation of stems and the addition of BA and/or IAA. 相似文献
19.
The role of hematopoietic microenvironments in the regulation of maturation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells, although heavily debated, remains uncertain. Several investigators have suggested that the adherent “stromal” cell populations, which grow as colonies in cultures of lymphomyeloid tissues, include the cells involved in such regulatory processes. Grossly, the colonies described by several investigators appear similar morphologically, and the cells giving rise to them have been variously termed (1) fibroblast colony forming cells (FCFC), (2) plaque forming units-culture (PFU-C), (3) macrophage colonies, and (4) marrow stromal cells. FCFC have been reported to re-establish their parent microenvironment when transplanted in an allogeneic system. In this study, cloned and enriched cell populations obtained from such colonies in cultures of murine lymphomyeloid tissues have been characterized by their growth in culture and using morphological, histochemical, and electron microscopic techniques. The results demonstrated that, although the initial stromal colonies appeared to be identical, the constituent cell types varied considerably. Some colonies were comprised primarily of macrophages, while others appeared to contain predominantly fibroblasts; two additional cell types that established colonies have not yet been satisfactorily identified. These results demonstrate the heterogeneity of lymphomyeloid stromal colonies. There is a need for caution in the analysis of experiments in which uncharacterized stromal cell colonies are transplanted or employed as supporting monolayers in culture systems in experiments designed to evaluate the origins and functions of lymphohematopoietic stroma. 相似文献
20.
Methods for obtaining heterotic F1 and maintaining purebred lines for breeding of Brassica oleracea are limited by absence of male sterile lines and occurrence
of inbreeding depression, respectively. The use of vegetative (stem, petiole, leaf, leaf rib) and floral (peduncle, pedicel,
flower bud, curd) explants of cauliflower to regenerate purebred lines for crossing were examined. Of four growth regulator
treatments and explant types used, best results were obtained with curd explants on MS medium with 6-benzyladenine (cytokinin)
and gibberellic acid. Although 6-benzyladenine alone promoted formation of shoots in floral explants, both 6-benzyladenine
and α-napthaleneacetic acid were required for vegetative explants. Use of α-napthaleneacetic acid, however, often increased
callus formation. These culture techniques to maintain purebred regenerated plants will complement newly-derived nuclear-based
male sterile lines obtained by the introduction of antisense copies of the gene BcpI, which is required for pollen fertility.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献