Fungi from decaying intertidal fronds of Nypa fruticans, including three new genera and four new species

HYDE, K. D., 1992. Fungi from decaying fronds of Nypa fruticans, including three new genera and four new species. Decaying fronds and exposed stems of the mangrove palm Nypa fruticans were collected from beaches and intertidal regions of mangroves in Brunei and examined for the presence of higher marine fungi. Forty-three species were identified, four of which are new to science. The fungi included 32 Ascomycotina, one Basidiomycotina and ten Deuteromycotina. Three new genera and four new species are described and illustrated.     

A synopsis of the sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of America south of the United States: introduction, Xyelidae, Pamphiliidae, Cimbicidae, Diprionidae, Xiphydriidae, Siricidae, Orussidae, Cephidae

Abstract Eight families of Symphyta for the Western Hemisphere south of the United States are reviewed: Xyelidae (one genus, two species), Pamphiliidae (one genus, four species), Cimbicidae (five genera, nine species), Diprionidae (three genera, thirteen species), Xiphydriidae (four genera, seventeen species), Siricidae (six genera, nine species), Orussidae (five genera, twelve species), and Cephidae (one genus, one species). New taxa are Acantholyda nigrostigmata (Pamphiliidae); Zadiprionfalsus, Neodiprion bicolor, N.equalis, N.omosus (Diprionidae); Derecyrta circularis, Steirocephala lateralba (Xiphydriidae); Sirotremex, S.flammeus (Siricidae); and Ophrynopus depressatus, O.plaumanni (Orussidae). Lopesiana is a new name for Lopesia Conde (Cimbicidae). Three new combinations and six new synonyms are proposed. The Xyelidae, Pamphiliidae, Diprionidae, Siricidae and Cephidae are primarily northern groups with southern extensions into Mexico, Central America and/or Cuba. The Cimbicidae, Xiphydriidae and Orussidae are more generally distributed throughout the neotropics. Keys to families, genera and species are provided.     

广东滩涂经济鱼类寄生吸虫──Ⅲ、单孔科、单脏科和八睾科吸虫的研究(复殖目)

本文对广东滩涂经济鱼类寄生复殖吸虫中的单孔科ＨａｐｌｏｐｏｒｉｄａｅＮｉｃｏｌｌ,１９１４,单胜科ＨａｐｌｏｓｐｌａｎｃｈｎｉｄａｅＰｏｃｈｅ,１９２６和八睾科ＯｃｔｏｔｅｓｔｉｄａｅＹａｍａｇｕｔｉ,１９７１吸虫进行研究,其中长尾亚科Ｅｌｏｎａｉｎｕｒｉｎａｅ和鲻长尾吸虫Ｅｌｏｎｇｉｎｕｒｕｓｍｕｕｇｉｌｕｓ分别作为单孔科的新亚科和新属新种;雄囊新单脏吸虫Ｎｅｏｈａｐｌｏｓｐｌａｎｃｈｎｕｓｃｉｒｒｕｓａｃｉ作为单脏科的新属新种;天竺鲷八睾吸虫Ｏｃｔｏｔｅｓｔｉｓａｐｏｇｏｎｉ作为八睾科、八睾吸虫属Ｏｃｔｏｔｅｓｔｉｓ（Ｗａｎｇ,１９６３）Ｙａｍａｇｕｔｉ,１９５１的新种。     

CHROMOSOME NUMBERS IN COMPOSITAE VII: ASTEREAE III

Reports of 129 new chromosome counts are made for the tribe Astereae of Compositae. They are mostly based on determinations of meiotic material, including first counts for one genus and 43 species or subspecies. Counts are now available for more than 63 of the 100-120 genera and 564 of the approximately 2,000 species in the tribe. Three of every four genera with more than one species counted show more than one chromosome number; 15 genera have species with populations with different numbers. Such variation is very high and indicates the need for more detailed cytotaxonomical study in the group.     

Rapid radiation and cryptic speciation in squat lobsters of the genus Munida (Crustacea, Decapoda) and related genera in the South West Pacific: molecular and morphological evidence

Squat lobsters (genus Munida and related genera) are among the most diverse taxa of western Pacific crustaceans, though several features of their biology and phylogenetic relationships are unknown. This paper reports an extensive phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial DNA sequences (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S rRNA) and the morphology of 72 species of 12 genera of western Pacific squat lobsters. Our phylogenetic reconstruction using molecular data supports the recent taxonomic splitting of the genus Munida into several genera. Excluding one species (M. callista), the monophyly of the genus Munida was supported by Bayesian analysis of the molecular data. Three moderately diverse genera (Onconida, Paramunida, and Raymunida) also appeared monophyletic, both according to morphological and molecular data, always with high support. However, other genera (Crosnierita and Agononida) seem to be para- or polyphyletic. Three new cryptic species were identified in the course of this study. It would appear that the evolution of this group was marked by rapid speciation and stasis, or certain constraints, in its morphological evolution.     

Jumping plant lice (Homoptera: Psylloidea) of the temperate neotropical region. Part 1: Psyllidae (subfamilies Aphalarinae, Rhinocolinae and Aphalaroidinae)

The psyllid-fauna of temperate and subantarctic South America comprises members of three families: Calophyidae, Triozidae and Psyllidae. Three subfamilies of the Psyllidae are revised in this paper: the Aphalarinae are represented by two species in two genera, one of which develops on Aquifoliaceae; the Rhinocolinae are represented by two congeneric species on Anacardiaceae while the Aphalaroidinae contain 38 species in seven genera trophically linked to the Compositae, Euphorbiaceae, Leguminosae, Myzodendraceae, Rhamnaceae, Solanaceae and Zygophyllaceae. The family Psyllidae (= Aphalaridae syn. nov. , =Spondyliaspididae syn. nov. ) and the constituent subfamily Aphalaroidinae (= Arepuninae syn nov. , = Ciriacreminae auct. pp) are redefined. Three genera and 30 species are described as new and two new generic, two new specific synonyms, and five new combinations are proposed. Information on larvae and host plant relationships is also given. Lectotypes are designated for eight species and a type-species is fixed for one genus. Keys are provided for the identification to species.     

Pronophiline butterflies (Satyridae) of the Cordillera de Mérida, Venezuela

The 36 species of the tribe Pronophilini known from the Cordillera de Merida, the main Andean mountain range in Venezuela, are listed, together with three others probably erroneously described or labelled as from the range. The general ecological characteristics of the tribe are described, using the Merida species as examples. These include its restriction to high altitudes, endemism in mountain 'islands', species partitioning up the altitude gradient, mimicry within the tribe, and seasonality. The evolutionary relationships of the 16 endemic species are analyzed. Two new genera, six new species, two new subspecies and one new form are described. Three new synonymies are established, three new combinations made, new status is given to two taxa and the status of one taxon is revised.     

中国两栖、爬行动物更新名录

本文在2015年发表的爬行动物名录及同年《中国两栖类信息系统》发布的两栖动物名录的基础上, 通过整理新发表的分类学研究及先前名录遗漏的部分早期文献, 更新了截至2019年底中国现生本土两栖、爬行动物物种名录。2015-2019年间, 中国两栖动物新记录1科, 新描述2属, 恢复1属有效性, 新记录1属, 新描述或恢复有效种74种, 新增国家纪录18种; 另6属、8种的有效性未得到近年研究证据支持(在此视为次定同物异名而未做收录, 后同)。同期, 中国爬行动物新恢复5科, 新描述1亚科, 新描述1属, 恢复3属有效性, 新记录3属, 新描述、恢复或提升有效种43个, 新增国家纪录10种; 另有5属、4种的有效性未得到近年研究证据支持, 并移除1属、4种在我国的分布纪录。此外, 通过整理2015年前文献, 爬行动物增补3属, 提升3亚种至种级地位, 增补国家新纪录3种, 另有3属、2种的有效性未得到近年研究证据支持, 同时移除1种在我国的分布纪录。综上, 截至2019年底, 我国共记录现生本土两栖动物3目13科62属515种(蚓螈目1科1属1种, 有尾目3科14属82种, 无尾目9科47属431种), 爬行动物3目35科135属511种(鳄形目1科1属1种, 龟鳖目6科18属34种, 有鳞目蛇亚目18科73属265种、蜥蜴亚目10科43属211种)。此外, 本文还对先前名录中部分爬行动物的中文名提出了修改建议, 建议恢复部分物种的惯用中文名。2015-2019年, 新物种及新纪录已知物种数量占现两栖、爬行动物物种总数的17.1%和10.2%。近年来, 我国发表的两栖、爬行动物新物种和已知物种的新纪录数量持续增加, 分类体系也在研究中不断完善, 建议今后及时地进行阶段性总结, 同时对存在的问题提出讨论, 以推动中国两栖、爬行动物分类学研究工作的进一步开展。     

Notes on type specimens of European Miocene Talpidae and a tentative classification of old world Tertiary Talpidae (Insectivora: Mammalia)

Survey of the type of the Miocene Talpidae of Europe results in the allocation of several of the types to new or different genera. Three genera and one species previously referred to the family do not belong there. The diversity of Miocene talpids indicates an influx of generic stocks into Western Europe in the early Miocene, probably from Asia. New data provide a basis for a tentative phylogeny and classification of the European genera.     

New species of the myrmecophile Polyplocotes Westwood (Coleoptera: Ptinidae) from South Australia

Six new species of the Australian myrmecophilous ptinid genus Polyplocotes are described from South Australia. Three are from the deserts of central Australia, one from the Franklin Islands in the Great Australian Bight, one from Eyre Peninsula and one from the Riverland region. Morphologically, the majority of these new species are conventional Polyplocotes , but two are less typical. The characters uniting the genus are explored in the discussion, and comparisons are made to related genera. Although the six new species described here have not been observed in the field, the species of this genus are known to be myrmecophilous, and ant – beetle interactions similar to those seen in other spider beetles might occur between these new species and their host ants.     

Polypore diversity in North America with an annotated checklist

Profound changes to the taxonomy and classification of polypores have occurred since the advent of molecular phylogenetics in the 1990s. The last major monograph of North American polypores was published by Gilbertson and Ryvarden in 1986–1987. In the intervening 30 years, new species, new combinations, and new records of polypores were reported from North America. As a result, an updated checklist of North American polypores is needed to reflect the polypore diversity in there. We recognize 492 species of polypores from 146 genera in North America. Of these, 232 species are unchanged from Gilbertson and Ryvarden’s monograph, and 175 species required name or authority changes. In addition, 40 new species and 45 new records published since that monograph are included in the checklist. Among the 492 species of polypores, 486 species from 143 genera belong to 11 orders, while six other species from three genera have uncertain taxonomic position at the order level. Three orders, viz. Polyporales, Hymenochaetales and Russulales, accommodate most of polypore species (93.7 %) and genera (88.8 %). We hope that this updated checklist will inspire future studies in the polypore mycota of North America and contribute to the diversity and systematics of polypores worldwide.     

中国海南兰科植物的增补与修订

据海南植物志(1977)记载,海南有兰科植物58属143种及2变种,其后多篇文章论及一些种属,标本亦有较多的增加。本文根据现有标本和文献资料对海南兰科植物作一增补与修订,共涉及36属超过57种,包括19个新记录种、2个新种、1个新各称、5个新异名和许多种的名称变动。总计海南岛共有兰科植物68属、178种3变种。     

Three genera of myxosporida (Protozoa) in macrourid fishes

Three genera and eight species, three new, of myxosporida were recovered from seven genera and twenty species of geographically dispersed macrourid fishes. The constancy in spore dimensions of these species over large distances and among many host species was remarkable. Two genera of myxosporida had species which dwelled in both the gall bladder and urinary bladder/kidney.     

Critical and Additional Notes on Orchids of Hainan,China

The orchids in Hainan．were reported containing 58 genera,143 species and two varieties in Flora Hainanica(1977)．Since then a number of papers have been published and many specimens collected．The present paper deals with new,little known or noteworthy orchids in Hainan,concerning 36 genera,57 species and one variety,of which two (Bulbophyllum obtusiangulum Tsi,Sunipia hainanensis Tsi) are new to science and 18 new to Hainan,In addition,one new name(Ceratostylis hainanensis Tsi) is proposed and five names are reduced to synonyms．So far,there are altogether 68 genera,178 species and three varieties of orchids known from Hainan Island．     

中国陕西中三叠世中蝎蛉科三新属新种(昆虫纲,长翅目)

记述中蝎蛉科Mesopanorpodidae 4属4种,其中包括3新属4新种：Longifurcula hejiafangensi gen.et sp.nov,Ladinochorista lata gen.et sp.nov.,Allochorista erdosensis gen.et sp.nov.,Itaphlebia tongchuanensis sp.nov..化石标本采自陕西铜川中三叠统铜川组下段上部的灰绿色泥岩和页岩.这些新属、种系陕西昆虫群铜川昆虫组合的新成员（属陕西动物群、陕西生物群的一个类别）.根据前人的植物、孢子、双壳、叶肢介、介形虫、昆虫化石等的研究结果,铜川组的时代划归中三叠世,相当于欧洲中三叠世拉丁尼期（Ladinian stage）.     

New Deep-sea Leptognathiid Tanaids (Crustacea, Tanaidacea) from the North-east Atlantic

Three new genera ( Araphura, Leptognathioides and Stenotanais ) and six new species of tanaid crustaceans from below 1000 m depth in the north-east Atlantic are described. Two of the new species belong to the genus Leptognathiella Hansen, 1913, which is redescribed and removed from synonymy with Leptognathia Sars, 1882 ( sensu Lang 1968). These species are relatively common in the tanaid material examined and have a widespread distribution in the area under study, i.e. the Rockall Trough, Porcupine Seabight and Bay of Biscay. All six species are found at depths between 2070 and 2892 m. A further nine species previously belonging to the genus Leptognathia are removed to the new genera or to Leptognathiella. New records of Leptognathioides polita (Hansen, 1913) comb.n. and Leptognathiella abyssi (Hansen, 1913) have been obtained.     

Neotropical ennomine moths: a review of the genera (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)

The classification of the Neotropical genera of the Ennominae is reviewed and 267 genera are recognised to occur in this region. Three new genera are described and three others are reinstated, while 48 generic synonyms are newly established. Other changes established in this work include 14 species synonyms and 237 new or reinstated combinations. External features and genitalia of representative members of the genera are illustrated (753 figures). All the known Neotropical species and subspecies of Ennominae are listed ( c . 3470), plus their synonyms. The tribes to which the genera belong are assessed, with c . 200 of the genera assigned to tribe or other suprageneric grouping.  © 2002 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2002, 135 , 121–401.     

Pronophiline butterflies (Satyridae) of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia

Abstract. The twenty-four species of Pronophilini known from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, a small, isolated and very high north Colombian mountain range, are listed. The ecology of the tribe in northern South America, where these butterflies are exclusively montane, is described. The evolutionary relationships of the thirteen endemic species are analysed. Three new genera, three new species, and four new subspecies are described. Four new synonymies are established, the status of three taxa revised, six new combinations made, lished, the status of three taxa and one original combination re-instated.     

中国茧蜂亚科复眼具毛的三属及一新种记述(膜翅目:茧蜂科)

茧蜂亚科中有些类群复眼具毛,种数稀少,标本较难采到。本文记述中国茧蜂亚科中复眼具毛的3属及1新种,它们分别为:宽凹茧蜂属ChelonogastraAshmead,1900;埃茧蜂属EctemnoplaxEnderlein,1920和集点茧蜂属PycnobraconCameron,1902,及西藏埃茧蜂Ectemnoplaxxizanginensis,sp.nov.,其中1属未发现标本。同时提供3属检索表,另附各属及新种的形态特征图,所有标本保存在浙江大学昆虫科学研究所。埃茧蜂属EctemnoplaxEnderlein,19201.西藏埃茧蜂Ectemnoplaxxizanginensis,新种(图1a~f)正模:♀,西藏墨脱,背崩,1980-Ⅱ-02,金根桃,吴建毅。该种与粒腹毛眼茧蜂EctemnoplaxperuliventrisEnderlein较为相似,但可通过如下特征区别:翅脉cu-a微弱后叉;第2腹背板具微弱中基三角区,后端延伸至第2~3腹背板间沟缝;第4腹背板中基具月牙形黑色区,剩余区域淡黄。分布:中国(西藏)。2.白腹埃茧蜂EctemnoplaxperuliventrisEnderlein,1920分布:中国(海南、台湾)和日本。宽凹茧蜂属ChelonogastraAshmead,1900据报道,该属有2种中国台湾曾有分布,但本次研究中未发现其标本。3.台湾宽凹茧蜂ChelonogastraformosanaWatanabe,1937分布:中国(台湾)和日本。4.山岳宽凹茧蜂ChelonogastrakoebeleiAshmead,1900(图2a~e)分布:中国(台湾)和日本。集点茧蜂属PycnobraconCameron,1902,中国新记录5.黑集点茧蜂PycnobraconnigerCameron,1902,中国新记录(图3a-h)研究标本:1♂,浙江古田山,1990-Ⅴ-01,马云,No.906148。分布:中国(浙江);印澳区。