Redox conditions and iron chemistry in highland swamps of Burundi

Iron toxicity is a major soil constraint to rice (Oryza sative L.) cropping in highland swamps of Burundi. These swamps have a wide range of carbon content. This study aims at determining the influence of carbon content and redox conditions on the release of iron from Fe-bearing minerals. The pe-pH pairs distribution and oxalate dissolution data strongly suggest a control of Fe²⁺ activity by a pool of poorly crystallized ferric oxides. Flooding results in high values of KCl-extractable Fe (up to 22 cmolc kg^-1) being released from that pool. The iron release is positively correlated with organic matter. On the other hand, highly organic, peaty soils have large CEC and their adsorbed Fe fraction remains relatively low. As the exchangeable Fe fraction has previously been correlated with Fe toxicity to rice, we may conclude that very organic (> 25% C), peaty soils exhibit a lower Fe toxicity hazard than soils with intermediate carbon content (10–25%).     

Soil and total ecosystem respiration in agricultural fields: effect of soil and crop type

A study was made of the effect of soil and crop type on the soil and total ecosystem respiration rates in agricultural soils in southern Finland. The main interest was to compare the soil respiration rates in peat and two different mineral soils growing barley, grass and potato. Respiration measurements were conducted during the growing season with (1) a closed-dynamic ecosystem respiration chamber, in which combined plant and soil respiration was measured and (2) a closed-dynamic soil respiration chamber which measured only the soil and root-derived respiration. A semi-empirical model including separate functions for the soil and plant respiration components was used for the total ecosystem respiration (TER), and the resulting soil respiration parameters for different soil and crop types were compared. Both methods showed that the soil respiration in the peat soil was 2–3 times as high as that in the mineral soils, varying from 0.11 to 0.36 mg (CO₂) m^–2 s^–1 in the peat soil and from 0.02 to 0.17 mg (CO₂) m^–2 s^–1 in the mineral soils. The difference between the soil types was mainly attributed to the soil organic C content, which in the uppermost 20 cm of the peat soil was 24 kg m^–2, being about 4 times as high as that in the mineral soils. Depending on the measurement method, the soil respiration in the sandy soil was slightly higher than or similar to that in the clay soil. In each soil type, the soil respiration was highest on the grass plots. Higher soil respiration parameter values (R_s0, describing the soil respiration at a soil temperature of 10°C, and obtained by modelling) were found on the barley than on the potato plots. The difference was explained by the different cultivation history of the plots, as the potato plots had lain fallow during the preceding summer. The total ecosystem respiration followed the seasonal evolution in the leaf area and measured photosynthetic flux rates. The 2–3-fold peat soil respiration term as compared to mineral soil indicates that the cultivated peat soil ecosystem is a strong net CO₂ source.     

Influence of organic matter and flooding on the chemical and electrochemical properties of sodic soil and rice growth

The influence of organic matter, added in the form ofCasuarina equisetifolia andAcacia nilotica leaves, on the chemical and electrochemical kinetics of a flooded sodic soil and rice growth, was studied in a pot experiment. With the addition of organic matter, not only the peaks of CO₂ production and maximum concentrations of extractable Fe and Mn and other cations occurred earlier, but their concentrations were also significantly higher as compared to the control (no organic matter). The high concentrations of CO₂ and reduced redox potential (Eh) appeared to influence the soil pH, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and the accumulation of cations and to be chiefly responsible for better rice growth. Acacia proved more effective than Casuarina in improving rice yield and the sodic soil.     

有机物料还田对双季稻田土壤有机碳及其活性组分的影响

有机物料还田是提升农田土壤有机碳、培肥土壤的重要措施。为探讨不同有机物料的还田效果,采用室外培养方法,研究了在等碳输入条件下,施用水稻秸秆、紫云英、生物有机肥、猪粪和水稻秸秆生物炭对洞庭湖双季稻区潮土有机碳和活性有机碳组分含量的影响。结果表明: 经过180 d的培养试验,与不施用有机物料相比,施用有机物料提高了土壤活性有机碳含量。生物有机肥、猪粪和水稻秸秆生物炭处理分别使土壤有机碳含量显著提升了26.1%、9.7%和30.7%,水稻秸秆和紫云英对土壤有机碳含量的提升效应在试验期间并不显著。水稻秸秆和紫云英还田更有利于土壤可溶性有机碳和微生物生物量碳的积累,猪粪更有利于土壤可溶性有机碳的积累,生物有机肥更有利于土壤微生物生物量碳和易氧化有机碳的积累,水稻秸秆生物炭则更有利于土壤微生物生物量碳和轻组有机碳的积累。与水稻秸秆还田相比,紫云英、生物有机肥、猪粪和水稻秸秆生物炭还田使土壤碳库管理指数分别提高了31.8%、111.6%、62.2%和50.7%。从土壤固碳和土壤碳库管理指数来看,生物有机肥、猪粪和水稻秸秆生物炭的还田效果优于水稻秸秆和紫云英还田。     

双季稻田冬季种植模式对土壤有机碳和碳库管理指数的影响

为探讨冬季覆盖作物还田对稻田土壤碳库的影响,通过冬季种植油菜、紫云英、黑麦草、马铃薯,并以冬闲为对照进行大田试验,测定了不同冬季作物模式下早稻和晚稻的土壤有机碳、活性有机碳含量,并计算了稳态碳、碳库活度、活度指数、碳库指数和土壤碳库管理指数.结果表明:冬季作物还田增加了土壤有机碳含量,早稻和晚稻后的土壤有机碳含量比对照分别提高了1%～8%和3%～18%;油菜、黑麦草和紫云英还田均促进了土壤活性有机碳含量的增加,早稻后增加16.2%～84.2%,晚稻后增加24.4%～28.1%;冬季作物还田增加了土壤碳库管理指数,增加幅度为1.4%～41.8%.综上所述,冬种作物还田有利于提高土壤的固碳效应,并提升土壤质量,以种植黑麦草、紫云英的综合效果较佳.     

Effect of silicate on phosphate availability for rice in a P-deficient soil

In a pot experiment the effect of silicate on P availability for rice grown in a P-deficient soil with and without flooding was analyzed. Treatments were designed as follows: C (control: Yakuno soil), SS (sodium silicate application, at 0.47 mg Si g^-1 soil) and SC (sodium carbonate application). In order to separate pH effect from Si effect, SC was adjusted to the same pH as SS.Soil pH of SS and SC increased by 1.0 unit. Shoot dry weight of SC plants, and more so of SS plants, increased under both nonflooded and flooded conditions. P concentrations in the shoots were not increased under either condition of SS and SC. With SS, Si concentration in the shoots significantly increased, Mn concentration significantly decreased, resulting in a higher P/Mn ratio in the shoot, but not with SC. Both SS and SC increased N concentration in the shoots nearly two times compared with control under both conditions.Adsorption experiments showed that neither SS nor SC decreased P adsorption by soil. SS also could not displace the adsorbed P in soil samples which had previously either received P or not.These results suggest that the beneficial effects of silicate on rice growth do not result from increasing P availability in soil. The Si effect may be attributed to decreasing Mn uptake, thus indirectly improving P utilization in the plant.     

长期不同施肥措施对双季稻田土壤活性有机碳组分和水解酶活性的影响

施肥是改善土壤质量、提高土壤肥力和影响土壤微生物多样性的关键措施.为了探明南方双季稻区长期不同施肥处理下稻田土壤活性有机碳组分和水解酶活性的变化特征,本研究以34年大田定位试验为平台,设置化肥(MF)、秸秆还田+化肥(RF)、30％有机肥+70％化肥(OM)3个处理,并以无肥处理为对照(CK),分析了长期不同施肥处理下...     

生长素对水稻锰积累及毒害的效应

为明确生长素与水稻锰毒及抗性的关系,揭示水稻锰毒调控机制,该文采用水培方法研究了锰胁迫对水稻根尖游离生长素含量的影响及外源生长素萘乙酸对水稻幼苗锰吸收、积累和毒害的影响。结果表明:(1)在2 000μmol·L~(-1)MnCl_2溶液中培养的水稻,根尖游离吲哚乙酸含量显著下降,仅为对照处理的47.7%;水稻根相对伸长率也显著减少,降至对照处理的71.1%。(2)在锰溶液中添加生长素极性运输抑制剂萘基邻氨甲酰苯甲酸(NPA)后,根尖锰含量显著增加,达到了对照处理的1.5倍。(3)在锰溶液中添加萘乙酸后,虽然根尖细胞壁锰含量与对照处理间的差异不显著,但是水稻根相对伸长率显著降低,而植株锰吸收量、根尖锰含量、根尖细胞液中锰的分配比均显著增加;茎基部浸入锰溶液中的离体稻株叶片中的锰含量也在加入萘乙酸后显著提高;在锰胁迫下,添加外源萘乙酸后,水稻根尖OsYSL2、OsYSL6及OsMTP8.1的表达均显著增加。综上结果说明,过量的锰显著抑制水稻根伸长,降低水稻根尖游离态生长素水平,而生长素参与调控水稻对锰的吸收、转运及毒性。     

增温和外源碳输入对泥炭地土壤碳氮循环关键微生物功能基因丰度的影响

为探讨温度升高和外源碳输入对泥炭地土壤碳氮循环关键微生物的影响,于2017年7月采集多年冻土区泥炭地表层(0—10 cm和10—20 cm)土壤样品,在10、15℃两个温度下开展为期42d的增温模拟试验,同时设置葡萄糖添加处理,利用荧光定量PCR技术分析泥炭地土壤碳氮循环关键微生物丰度变化,同时分析增温和外源碳输入对泥炭地土壤活性碳组分和无机氮含量的影响。结果表明:温度升高可导致北方泥炭地表层土壤微生物丰度以及群落结构变化,0—10 cm土壤微生物比10—20 cm土壤微生物更加敏感。增温条件下微生物首先快速分解活性有机碳,同时温度升高加快土壤氮周转速率,增加有效氮含量。外源碳输入整体提高了深层土壤微生物丰度,使得10—20 cm土壤细菌、产甲烷菌、甲烷氧化菌、氨氧化细菌以及反硝化细菌丰度显著增加,说明外源碳输入可能会促进10—20 cm土壤甲烷氧化过程、氨氧化过程和反硝化过程。温度和葡萄糖的交互作用对泥炭地表层土壤碳氮循环关键微生物丰度均有显著影响。在增温和外源碳输入条件下,北方泥炭地表层土壤微生物丰度受土壤碳氮活性基质的影响。     

秸秆全量还田对稻田土壤溶解有机碳含量和水稻产量的影响

以南粳44为供试材料,在粘土和砂土土壤中,设置麦秸秆不还田和全量还田(6000 kg·hm^-2)及3种施氮量(0、225、300 kg·hm^-2)试验,研究了麦秸秆全量还田的腐解率和有机碳释放量动态变化,及其对稻田0～45 cm土壤溶解有机碳(DOC)含量和水稻产量的影响.结果表明： 麦秸秆还田的前期(0～30 d)其腐解率和有机碳释放量最高,腐解率为35.0%(粘土)和31.7%(砂土),有机碳释放率为34.1%(粘土)和33.1%(砂土);30 d后两者均减小.施用氮肥可显著促进秸秆腐解和有机碳释放量,粘土中麦秸秆腐解率和有机碳释放量明显大于砂土.麦秸秆还田后土壤DOC含量逐渐增加,至25 d达最大值,粘土和砂土分别为60.18和56.62 mg·L^-1,此后逐渐减小并趋于稳定.麦秸秆还田处理15 cm处土壤DOC含量显著高于未还田处理,但两者在30和45 cm处土壤DOC含量差异不显著,说明秸秆还田主要增加了稻田0～15 cm土层DOC含量.与不施氮处理相比,施氮处理土壤DOC含量降低,2种施氮处理间差异不显著.秸秆还田减少了水稻前期分蘖发生量,显著降低了有效穗数,增加了穗粒数、结实率和千粒重,显著提高了水稻产量.     

长期双季稻绿肥轮作对水稻产量及稻田土壤有机质的影响

以中国农业科学院红壤实验站1982年布置的长期定位试验为研究对象,分析了长期双季稻绿肥轮作体系下水稻产量变化趋势、稻田土壤有机质变化特征及土壤活性有机质组成。结果表明,绿肥作物与双季稻轮作种植后,水稻产量显著高于冬闲对照,绿肥作物紫云英、油菜和黑麦草处理年平均水稻产量（1982-2008）分别为10.8 t?hm-2?a-1,10.2 t?hm-2?a-1和10.0 t?hm-2?a-1,较冬闲对照分别提高27.2%,20.5%和18.1%。试验前期（1982-1993）种植绿肥作物各处理之间水稻产量无显著差异,试验开展11年后（1994-2008）种植紫云英处理水稻产量显著高于油菜和黑麦草处理。长期双季稻绿肥轮作土壤有机质随年份显著增加,双季稻紫云英轮作土壤有机质积累速度最快,年增加0.31 g?kg-1,双季稻黑麦草次之,土壤有机质年增加0.28g?kg-1,双季稻油菜轮作土壤有机质年增加0.26g?kg-1。种植绿肥作物紫云英稻田土壤活性有机质显著高于其它处理。种植绿肥作物各处理土壤有机碳、全氮、土壤微生物量碳和土壤微生物量氮含量均显著高于冬闲对照。其中黑麦草和紫云英处理土壤微生物量碳含量及微生物熵显著高于油菜和冬闲对照处理。在湘南红壤丘陵双季稻区,种植绿肥作物对提高水稻产量、增加土壤有机质、提高土壤有机质活性具有重要意义,绿肥选择上以紫云英对水稻产量和稻田土壤培肥综合效果最好。     

转Bt水稻对土壤可溶性有机碳氮及微生物学性质的影响

研究了3种转Bt水稻［克螟稻（KMD）、华恢1号（HH1）和Bt汕优63（BtSY63）］及对应亲本在2年大田条件下对土壤可溶性有机碳（DOC）和可溶性有机氮（DON）及微生物学性质的影响.结果表明：测定指标均随采样时间发生显著变化.与对应亲本相比,转Bt水稻对土壤DOC、DON和微生物生物量氮（MBN）的影响不显著,而对土壤微生物生物量碳（MBC）、基础呼吸（BR）和微生物代谢熵（qCO₂）的影响在大田种植第1年某些时段达到显著水平（P<0.05）,但这种影响没有持续到第2年;3种亲本水稻土壤DOC、DON及微生物学性质差异均不显著,但相应转Bt水稻土壤MBC、BR、qCO₂差异显著,BtSY63土壤MBC和BR显著高于KMD及HH1,而qCO₂显著低于KMD及HH1.转Bt水稻2年的大田种植对土壤DOC和DON及微生物学性质的影响较小,但3种转Bt水稻之间微生物学性质的差异比亲本之间的差异大,表明长期监测可能有助于发现转Bt水稻对土壤生态系统结构和功能的影响.     

长期施肥对水稻土颗粒有机碳和矿物结合态有机碳的影响

在23a的田间定位试验区,研究了长期施肥对水稻土颗粒有机碳和矿物结合态有机碳的影响.结果表明,在不施肥(CK)、无机肥(NPK)、有机肥(猪粪 紫云英绿肥)(OM)和无机肥与有机肥配施(NPKM)处理中,A层游离态和闭蓄态颗粒有机物含量比P层高,随着土层的加深呈下降的趋势;而矿物态有机物呈相反的趋势.增施有机肥(NPKM,OM处理)有利于提高土壤中游离态和闭蓄态颗粒有机物及其有机碳的含量以及占土壤有机碳的比例.团聚体中颗粒有机物占土壤团聚体重量的比例及颗粒有机物的有机碳含量均随着团聚体粒径的减小而明显增加.增施有机肥显著提高了团聚体特别是微团聚体(<0.25mm)中颗粒有机物及其有机碳的含量.团聚体中颗粒有机物的有机碳含量显著高于容积土壤中颗粒有机物的有机碳含量.这些结果表明微团聚体对颗粒有机物具有富集和保护作用. 和闭蓄态颗粒有机物含量比P层高,随着土层的加深呈下降的趋势;而矿物态有机物呈相反的趋势.增施有机肥(NPKM,OM处理)有利于提高土壤中游离态和闭蓄态颗粒有机物及其有机碳的含量以及占土壤有机碳的比例.团聚体中颗粒有机物占土壤团聚体重量的比例及颗粒有机物的有机碳含量均随着团聚体粒径的减小而明显增加. 施有机肥显著提高了团聚体特别是微团聚体(<0.25mm)中颗粒有机物及其有机碳的含量.团聚体中颗粒有机物的有机碳含量显著高于容积土壤中颗粒有机物的有机碳含量.这些结果表明微团聚体对颗粒有机物具有富集和保护作用. 和闭蓄态颗粒有机物含量比P层高,随着土层的加深呈下降的趋势;而矿物态有机物呈相反的趋势.增施有机肥     

深圳市不同土地利用类型土壤有机碳与密度特征

土壤碳库变化对于全球温室效应、全球碳循环有重大的影响.城市土壤是全球碳循环的重要环节,城市化对城市土壤有机碳库的影响不容忽视.在野外调查和样品分析的基础上,对深圳市0～10、11～20、21～30cm深度不同土地利用类型土壤有机碳碳含量、密度及分布特征进行实测统计分析.结果表明:(1)深圳市不同土地利用类型0～30cm土壤有机碳含量均值介于0.72～40.52g·kg^-1.土壤有机碳密度均值介于0.27～13.36kg·m^-2.(2)土壤有机碳含量与密度随土层深度的增加而降低.0～10cm土壤有机碳含量均值介于1.56～71.88g·kg^-1,有机碳密度均值介于0.18～7.05kg·m^-2之间;11～20cm土壤有机碳含量均值介于0.59～36.79g·kg^-1,土壤有机碳密度均值介于0.09～4.5kg·m^-2,21～30cm土壤有机碳含量均值介于0～12.90g·kg^-1,土壤有机碳密度均值介于0～1.78kg·m^-2.(3)林地土壤有机碳含量和密度随着海拔高度的升高而降低,城市建设用地与闲置土地土壤有机碳含量与密度很低.(4)土地利用方式的变化可以改变有机碳在土壤中的贮存与分布.     

Conceptualizing soil organic matter into particulate and mineral‐associated forms to address global change in the 21st century

Managing soil organic matter (SOM) stocks to address global change challenges requires well‐substantiated knowledge of SOM behavior that can be clearly communicated between scientists, management practitioners, and policy makers. However, SOM is incredibly complex and requires separation into multiple components with contrasting behavior in order to study and predict its dynamics. Numerous diverse SOM separation schemes are currently used, making cross‐study comparisons difficult and hindering broad‐scale generalizations. Here, we recommend separating SOM into particulate (POM) and mineral‐associated (MAOM) forms, two SOM components that are fundamentally different in terms of their formation, persistence, and functioning. We provide evidence of their highly contrasting physical and chemical properties, mean residence times in soil, and responses to land use change, plant litter inputs, warming, CO₂ enrichment, and N fertilization. Conceptualizing SOM into POM versus MAOM is a feasible, well‐supported, and useful framework that will allow scientists to move beyond studies of bulk SOM, but also use a consistent separation scheme across studies. Ultimately, we propose the POM versus MAOM framework as the best way forward to understand and predict broad‐scale SOM dynamics in the context of global change challenges and provide necessary recommendations to managers and policy makers.     

川西卧龙岷江冷杉林土壤有机碳组分与氮素关系随海拔梯度的变化特征

土壤碳氮沿海拔梯度变化及其耦合关系是山地生态系统碳氮循环研究的重要内容。为分析不同土层土壤有机碳,土壤全氮及有机碳活性组分在海拔梯度上的分布规律及相互之间的耦合关系,选取亚高山物种岷江冷杉(Abies faxoniana)原始林为研究对象,以卧龙邓生野牛沟岷江冷杉原始林2920—3700 m的样地调查数据为基础,分析不同土层土壤碳氮及活性组分沿海拔的变化规律,总结土壤有机碳稳定性沿海拔主要规律,从土壤有机碳活性组分和碳氮关系的角度揭示其对土壤有机碳沿海拔变化的影响。结果表明:1)腐殖质层土壤有机碳(SOC)随海拔升高逐渐增加,与温度显著负相关,轻组有机碳(LFOC)及颗粒态有机碳(POC)随海拔上升均表现先增加后降低的趋势,土壤全氮(TN)随海拔变化不显著,但林线处LOFC、POC和TN均显著增加;0—10 cm土壤有机碳及全氮则表现为双峰特征,峰值分别在3089 m和3260 m处,与年均温度无显著关系。2)LFOC及POC在腐殖质层和0—10 cm土层中所占比例较大,是表征土壤有机碳含量沿海拔变化规律的主要活性组分,腐殖质层LFOC/SOC和POC/SOC随海拔上升逐渐增高,0—10 cm层则逐渐降低,暗示腐殖质层有机碳稳定性沿海拔逐渐降低,0—10 cm有机碳稳定性逐渐升高。3)SOC与TN显著正相关,SOC是影响TN的主要因子,但腐殖质层TN与有机碳活性组分无显著相关关系。4)土壤C/N和微生物量C/N在3177 m大于25:1,是引起土壤有机碳含量显著降低的主要因素。     

Changes in chemical composition of hydrophyte leaves during adaptation to aquatic environment

Leaf chemical composition of 19 hydrophytes was studied. The content of carbon, nitrogen, nonstructural carbohydrates, organic acids, minerals, and water was determined. Hydrophytes were shown to contain less carbon (below 410 mg/g dry wt in 60% species) than terrestrial plants. Hydrophytes and terrestrial plants did not differ in the nitrogen concentration in the leaves (33 and 29 mg/g dry wt, respectively). Hydrophytes were characterized by a low content of organic acids (40–90 mg/g dry wt in 60% species) and high content of mineral compounds (90–170 mg/g dry wt in 50% species). Total amount of nonstructural carbohydrates was similar in the leaves of hydrophytes and terrestrial plants (from 120 to 190 mg/g dry wt), but the proportions of various carbohydrate fractions differed substantially. In the hydrophyte leaves, the content of soluble carbohydrates was 2.4-fold lower, whereas the content of nonstructural polysaccharides 1.2-fold higher than in terrestrial plant leaves. Two groups of correlations between parameters of leaf chemical composition were distinguished: the contents of carbon, nitrogen, and soluble sugars were positively correlated, and the negative correlation was observed between these parameters and the amounts of mineral compounds, organic acids, water, and nonstructural polysaccharides. We concluded that hydrophyte leaf chemical composition reflects a specificity of plant adaptation to aquatic environment.     

腾格里沙漠东南缘荒漠草地不同群落类型土壤有机碳分布及储量特征

荒漠生态系统环境的复杂性及其高度的空间异质性是土壤碳储量估算结果不确定性的重要因素。通过调查取样和室内分析, 研究了腾格里沙漠东南缘10种主要荒漠草地群落各土壤层(0-5、5-10、10-20、20-30、30-50、50-70和70-100 cm土层)的土壤有机碳(SOC)含量、垂直分布特征和影响因素, 以及0-5、0-20、0-50和0-100 cm土层剖面的土壤有机碳密度(SOCD)。结果显示, 灌木群落是SOC含量的重要影响因素, 各土层SOC含量在10种群落间均存在显著差异。从土壤表层到深层, SOC含量主要表现为由高至低和先升高后降低两种特征。SOC含量与黏粉粒含量、全氮(N)、全磷(P)和电导率呈显著的正相关关系, 与砂粒含量呈显著的负相关关系。各群落之间, 0-5、0-20、0-50和0-100 cm土层剖面的SOCD均存在显著差异, 其平均值分别为0.118、0.478、1.159和1.936 kg·m ^-2。这一结果低于全球和全国草地SOCD的平均值, 利用全国数据或该研究的平均值可能会高估或低估区域土壤有机碳储量, 因此利用不同群落的SOCD能增加荒漠地区土壤有机碳储量估算的确定性。     

洪湖湿地生态系统土壤有机碳及养分含量特征

洪湖湿地是长江中游地区重要湿地生态区域,在维持区域生态安全中发挥着重要作用.通过对洪湖湿地5种类型土壤进行有机碳及养分含量进行研究,为湿地生态系统地球化学循环及碳储量估算提供重要基础.结果表明,(1)洪湖土壤有机碳含量随土壤容重增加递减.(2)洪湖湿地土壤有机碳平均含量为:湖中淤泥＞洪泛平原湿地＞草本沼泽＞林地＞农田,其中湖底淤泥的有机碳平均含量6.74％,农田的有机碳平均含量为1.241％.此外,有机碳含量随土层的加深而减少.(3)湖底淤泥N的平均含量(4.623±0.535) g/kg、Ca的平均含量(26.262±4.201) g/kg,与洪泛平原湿地、草本沼泽及林地有显著性差异.农田P的平均含量(2.876±1.253) g/kg-、K的平均含量(7.205±0.159) g/kg,与湖底淤泥、洪泛平原湿地、草本沼泽及林地有显著性差异.(4)湖底淤泥中Cu的平均含量(40.19±3.04) mg/kg,Fe的平均含量(8560.90±80.98) mg/kg,Co的平均含量((29.66±0.67) mg/kg),Cu、Fe和Co的平均含量都显著小于洪泛平原湿地、农田及林地,Pb的平均含量(35.13±2.40) mg/kg,Mn的平均含量(749.65±54.07) mg/kg,这两个元素的含量均与农田及林地有显著性的差异.湖底淤泥中重金属元素的平均含量小于其余4种湿地类型土壤.