共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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食用菌因其富含多种氨基酸及微量元素等物质,具有较高的营养价值和药用价值,越来越受到人们的关注和喜爱。我国作为最重要的食用菌生产国,食用菌生产规模不断扩大,产量也在逐年提高。为了更好地发展食用菌产业,迫切需要在传统的食用菌产业链,如优良品种选育及栽培生产中融入新技术。生物信息学作为一门研究分析生物生命结构的技术门类,通过运用数学、计算机科学等工具揭示了数据所蕴含的生物学意义,极大地促进了生命科学研究的发展,也为食用菌更深入的研究与应用提供了技术保障。本文从食用菌育种及种质资源调查、病虫害防治、基因组学、食用菌安全等几方面阐述了生物信息学在食用菌领域的具体应用,对生物信息学在食用菌及农业领域的发展进行了展望,以期为促进食用菌研究和生产发展提供参考。 相似文献
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分子遗传标记技术在蜻蜓目昆虫研究中的应用 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
分子生物学技术应用于昆虫系统学研究在近些年发展相当迅速。目前已出现了几十种分子遗传标记。该文简述了酯酶同工酶电泳、核酸序列分析以及AFLP、RAPD、核酸探针等分子生物学技术在蜻蜓目昆虫研究中的应用情况。 相似文献
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食用菌灭活原生质体电融合及属间融合产物的鉴定分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
食用菌因其显著的营养、保健、药用及综合利用价值受到世人青睐。原生质体融合技术则为食用菌的育种和遗传学研究提供了一条很好的途径。食用菌的种内、种间乃至属间、目间的原生质体融合均已有过报道,但这些工作大多利用营养缺陷型标记的亲株,采用化学融合法完成。这种融合的效率较低,对亲株的标记繁琐费时,甚至会对菌株性状产生不良影响。最近,一种具有较高融合效率的物理融合法——电融合法以及非遗传性标记法分别被一些研究者所采用。本研究将原生质体电融合法与灭活标记法相结合来获得食用菌的属间融合产物,并采用包括同工酶分析和RAPD(或AP-PCR)方法在内的分子生物学方法,对食用菌属间杂交后代的遗传学特性进行初步探讨。1 材料和方法 相似文献
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A biological ricefield in northern Italy, without periodic dry spells in its growing cycle and therefore more familiar to naturally humid zones, was studied for its heleoplankton community. The biocoenosis reached a greater level of complexity than reported in literature. In particular, the seasonal succession of Cladocerans, the dominant group throughout the study period, was analyzed. Wlassicsia pannonica (Daday, 1904; Anomopoda Macrothricidae), is new to Italy; its morphology is compared to that of other populations of the same species and its biological cycle is compared with that of other dominant Cladocerans. 相似文献
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作物尤其是玉米的种子中积累了丰富的植酸。早先的研究侧重于降低种子中植酸的含量,但是随着人们对植酸认识的深入,发现植酸对于动、植物而言具有不可替代的生物功能。对于人和动物而言,植酸有抗营养作用,但也是重要的健康因子;对于植物而言,植酸及其代谢中间体的生物学功能却缺乏明确的研究。若要明确把握植酸的育种方向,就必须对植酸在植物中的合成过程有明确的认识。但自植酸被发现至今,人们对于其在高等植物中的合成过程仍然知之甚少,对其生物学功能更是缺乏全面的了解。本文综述了植酸代谢研究的现状,分析并总结了植酸的代谢通路,指出了植酸代谢研究的突破点,结合植酸代谢的研究特点和进展,比较了基因同源克隆、关联分析等4种最具潜力的研究策略。 相似文献
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蜂蜜中内源性物质苯甲酸的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
蜂蜜是一种蜜蜂采集植物花蜜后酿制而成的天然甜味物质,具有丰富营养成分和多种生理活性功能。本文明确了苯甲酸是蜂蜜中天然存在的一种特征性风味物质,且含量与蜜源植物有关,并对其检测方法、形成机理、代谢途径和稳定性等进行了概述。最后,提出应深入细化蜂蜜等食品中苯甲酸形成机理的基础研究,不仅可针对性降低加工工艺导致的含量升高,更可为传统产业科技转型升级提供技术支持。 相似文献
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Geobacillus研究进展 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Geobacillus是国际上2001年新命名的一类细菌。由于其具有嗜热、兼性厌氧,降解烃和产生表面活性剂的特性,在微生物采油、环境治理等领域中有潜在应用价值;同时,这类细菌可能具有特殊的功能基因和特种酶,对构建工程菌亦具有重要的研究价值。对Geobacillus的研究历史、分类组成和生物学特性、生态分布及其分子生物学研究和应用进行了综述。 相似文献
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Hyaluronan in morphogenesis 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
Toole BP 《Seminars in cell & developmental biology》2001,12(2):79-87
Hyaluronan is a very large polysaccharide that is found in extracellular matrices, at the cell surface and inside cells. This review focuses on the functions of hyaluronan directly associated with the cell surface, where it is commonly present as the essential core of a highly hydrated pericellular matrix that contains several other components (hyaladherins) bound to hyaluronan. Three major molecular characteristics of hyaluronan contribute to its physiological functions: its unique hydrodynamic properties, its interactions with structural extracellular hyaladherins, and its instructive effects on cell signaling and behavior. Recent studies of hyaluronan-deficient mouse embryos illustrate the importance of each of these classes of function of hyaluronan. It is postulated that the morphogenetic effects of hyaluronan are due to its ability to act as a template for assembly of a multi-component, pericellular matrix as well as to its physical properties. This matrix would provide a hydrated environment in which cells are separated from structural barriers to morphogenetic changes and receive signals from hyaluronan itself and from associated factors. 相似文献
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Nucleosome positioning in vivo and in vitro 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
R T Simpson 《BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology》1986,4(4):172-176
Nucleosome positioning refers to sequence-specific locations for histones interacting with the nucleic acid. Examples of occurrence of this phenomenon, its possible mechanisms and its significance are presented. 相似文献
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E Friederich K Vancompernolle D Louvard J Vandekerckhove 《The Journal of biological chemistry》1999,274(38):26751-26760
Villin is an actin-binding protein of the intestinal brush border that bundles, nucleates, caps, and severs actin in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner in vitro. Villin induces the growth of microvilli in transfected cells, an activity that requires a carboxyl-terminally located KKEK motif. By combining cell transfection and biochemical assays, we show that the capacity of villin to induce growth of microvilli in cells correlates with its ability to bundle F-actin in vitro but not with its nucleating activity. In agreement with its importance for microfilament bundling in cells, the KKEK motif of the carboxyl-terminal F-actin-binding site is crucial for bundling in vitro. In addition, substitutions of basic residues in a second site, located in the amino-terminal portion of villin, impaired its activity in cells and reduced its binding to F-actin in the absence of Ca(2+) as well as its bundling and severing activities in vitro. Altogether, these findings suggest that villin participates in the organization and stabilization of the brush border core bundle but does not initiate its assembly by nucleation of actin filaments. 相似文献
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In this report we present a review on the grasshopper lipocalin Lazarillo with special emphasis on how its molecular properties could account for its known function: the guidance of pioneer neurons during nervous system development. The expression and function of Lazarillo in a subset of developing neurons, its heavy glycosylation and its glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage to the plasma membrane, make Lazarillo a unique member of the lipocalin family. We have built a model of the tertiary structure of Lazarillo in which we have studied the exposed surfaces in search for clues about ligand and protein interactions with Lazarillo. Our hypotheses about how this lipocalin can exert its function are discussed. 相似文献