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1.
本研究结合简并PCR和染色体步行两种方法研究了香菇135菌株的交配型B位点的分子遗传学结构。从135菌株的原生质体单核体1号菌株中获得了1个信息素受体编码基因LErcb1-B1和1个信息素前体编码基因LEphb1-B1。经序列比对分析,香菇的信息素受体LErcb1-B1序列与灰盖鬼伞和裂褶菌的信息素受体之间具有同源性,经SOSUI软件分析该序列具有7次跨膜结构特征。信息素前体LEphb1-B1具有CaaX基序特征。  相似文献   

2.
3.
[目的]收集11株灵芝菌种为材料,在分子水平上对其进行分类鉴定,并构建分子ID.[方法]采用ITS和SSR分子标记技术,对11株灵芝进行分子鉴定分析.[结果]通过内转录间隔区(ITS)序列测定分析表明,与GenBank上登录的灵芝(Ganoderma lucidum)菌株ITS序列相似度达到99%,在种的水平上证明实验所采用的供试菌株均属灵芝种(Ganoderma lucidum).利用SSR分子标记技术对菌株进行引物扩增,综合多态性条带,用NTSYS软件进行聚类分析,相似度在0.62水平上,1 1个灵芝菌种被分成4个类群,其中GL-2与GL-4各自聚为一类.用ID Analysis 1.0软件进行数据分析表明,用5对SSR引物可将11株灵芝供试菌种完全区分开,并构建其分子身份证.[结论]基于SSR分子标记构建灵芝菌属的分子ID是可行的.  相似文献   

4.
蓼属头状蓼组rDNA-ITS的序列扩增及分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
以贵州境内蓼属头状蓼组6种(含1变种)植物为材料,对其rDNA的内转录间隔区(ITS)序列进行PCR扩增,得到6种植物的ITS序列,分别为:赤胫散2个居群(Polygonum runcinatum var.sinense,GenBank登录号FJ606887、FJ648802),平卧蓼(P.strindbergii,GenBank登录号FJ648803 ),尼泊尔蓼(P.nepalense,GenBank登录号FJ648804),羽叶蓼(P.runcinatum,GenBank登录号FJ648805),火炭母(P.chinense,GenBank登录号FJ648806)和头花蓼(P.capitatum,GenBank登录号FJ648807).其中赤胫散与平卧蓼的ITS序列为首次报道.序列分析结果表明,蓼属头状蓼组6种植物ITS序列总长度为661~666 bp,ITS1区序列长度为243~246 bp,5.8 S rDNA区序列长度165 bp,ITS2区序列长度253~258 bp,6种植物的差异主要集中在ITS1和ITS2区.聚类分析显示,6种头状蓼组植物具有共同起源,结果支持赤胫散从羽叶蓼变种上升为独立物种.  相似文献   

5.
首次报道了15种杜鹃属(Rhododendron)植物、1种杜香属(Ledum)植物和Cassiope fastigiata的内转录间隔区(ITS) (包括5.8S)序列.加上从GenBank下载的13种杜鹃属植物和Bajiaria racemosa的ITS序列,以C. fastigiata和B. racemosa为外类群,用最大简约法对杜鹃属的亚属和组间的系统关系进行了分析.结果表明: 1)杜鹃属是一个单系类群,叶状苞亚属为杜鹃属的基部类群; 2)杜香属确应归并到杜鹃属中,且与有鳞杜鹃亚属有较近的亲缘关系; 3)有鳞杜鹃亚属和杜香构成一个单系分支,该分支是其余无鳞杜鹃花的姐妹群; 4)由无鳞杜鹃花组成的一个分支的内部支持率较低,其中常绿杜鹃亚属和映山红亚属均为内部支持率很高的单系类群,而羊踯躅亚属和马银花亚属均为多系类群; 5)在马银花亚属中,长蕊杜鹃组和马银花组均分别得到强烈支持,马银花组与异蕊杜鹃亚属可能构成姐妹群关系,异蕊杜鹃亚属和马银花组组成的一个分支可能与映山红亚属构成姐妹群关系.  相似文献   

6.
基于ITS序列探讨杜鹃属的亚属和组间系统关系   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
首次报道了 15种杜鹃属 (Rhododendron)植物、1种杜香属 (Ledum)植物和Cassiopefastigiata的内转录间隔区(ITS) (包括 5 .8S)序列。加上从GenBank下载的 13种杜鹃属植物和Bajiariaracemosa的ITS序列 ,以C .fastigiata和B .racemosa为外类群 ,用最大简约法对杜鹃属的亚属和组间的系统关系进行了分析。结果表明 :1)杜鹃属是一个单系类群 ,叶状苞亚属为杜鹃属的基部类群 ;2 )杜香属确应归并到杜鹃属中 ,且与有鳞杜鹃亚属有较近的亲缘关系 ;3)有鳞杜鹃亚属和杜香构成一个单系分支 ,该分支是其余无鳞杜鹃花的姐妹群 ;4 )由无鳞杜鹃花组成的一个分支的内部支持率较低 ,其中常绿杜鹃亚属和映山红亚属均为内部支持率很高的单系类群 ,而羊踯躅亚属和马银花亚属均为多系类群 ;5 )在马银花亚属中 ,长蕊杜鹃组和马银花组均分别得到强烈支持 ,马银花组与异蕊杜鹃亚属可能构成姐妹群关系 ,异蕊杜鹃亚属和马银花组组成的一个分支可能与映山红亚属构成姐妹群关系。  相似文献   

7.
核糖体DNA的内转录间隔区(ITS)一直被作为一种重要的分子标记,却很难用于山茶物种中。通过对1个疑似香港红山茶(Camellia hongkongensis)的样本进行ITS区域的扩增、克隆和测序,从中获得74种不同序列。研究结果表明,其ITS区域具有高度的多态性,其中76%的序列为假基因。系统发育分析显示,超过半数的假基因源自同一祖先。这些假基因在经历多次基因重复后分化成至少5个谱系,且每个谱系中的序列非常相似,这表明一些假基因不但未被剔除,反而通过快速复制事件幸存下来。由于山茶物种个体内ITS的高度多态,使用这个区域区分山茶物种可能导致错误。然而,通过比较香港红山茶中的1个种间特异性r DNA假基因,确定该样本属于香港红山茶。  相似文献   

8.
蒋玉玲  陈旭辉  苗青  曲波 《植物生态学报》2019,43(12):1079-1090
兰科植物的生存及生长高度依赖其根中的共生真菌, 其中的菌根真菌更是对兰科植物的种子萌发与后续生长有着非常重要的作用, 研究兰科植物根中的真菌, 尤其是菌根真菌, 对兰科植物的保护有重要作用。该研究利用第二代测序技术, 对中国辽宁省境内的9种属于极小种群的兰科植物的根、根际土和根围土中的真菌群落和菌根真菌组成进行了研究。结果显示, 兰科植物根中的真菌群落和根际土、根围土中的真菌群落具有显著差异。兰科植物根中的总操作分类单元(OTU)数目远小于根际土和根围土中的总OTU数目。同时, 兰科植物根中菌根真菌的种类和丰度与根际土、根围土中菌根真菌的种类与丰度没有明显联系。FunGuild分析结果显示, 丛枝菌根真菌在根际土与根围土中的丰度非常高, 但在兰科植物的根中却数量极少。这些结果表明, 兰科植物根中的真菌群落与土壤中的真菌群落在一定程度上是相互独立的。  相似文献   

9.
临床常见镰刀菌的鉴别   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的从分子生物学角度寻找一种快速准确鉴定临床常见镰刀菌的方法。方法将受试镰刀菌接种于PDA培养基,观察其菌落及镜下形态,在此基础上PCR扩增受试镰刀菌的rDNA ITS并测其序列,在GenBank核酸序列数据库进行同源序列搜索及分析。选择限制性内切酶Dra Ⅱ和Cfr13 Ⅰ进行RFLP。设计了茄病镰刀菌的种特异性引物Sol1、Sol2,初步验证其特异性。结果形态学鉴定结果显示,茄病镰刀菌所占比例最高,除2株串珠镰刀菌外,其余镰刀菌ITS序列分析的结果与形态学鉴定结果一致。茄病、层生和串珠镰刀菌的Dra Ⅱ、Cfr13 I酶切带形互不相同。用Sol1、Sol2扩增受试菌的rDNA ITS,只有茄病镰刀菌为阳性。结论rDNA ITS序列测定及其PCR-RFLP可用于初步鉴别几种临床常见镰刀菌,合适的种特异性引物可以初步快速鉴定茄病镰刀菌。  相似文献   

10.
《菌物学报》2017,(6):743-751
前期工作中采用组织分离法分离、纯化得到一白腐真菌CB1,本研究进一步观察菌株CB1形态特征和培养特性,克隆菌株CB1的ITS基因序列,对菌株CB1的ITS序列进行同源性比对和系统进化分析,完成菌株CB1综合的鉴定。同时对菌株CB1脱色两种活性染料进行了研究,探讨菌株CB1脱色活性染料的能力。结果表明,菌株CB1形态特征和培养特性与一色齿毛菌Cerrena unicolor特征基本吻合,菌株CB1的系统进化分析表明菌株CB1的ITS序列与一色齿毛菌的ITS序列有较近的进化关系,形态学和分子生物学综合鉴定菌株CB1为C.unicolor CB1。染料脱色结果表明,菌株CB1可以明显脱色活性黑和活性红染料,与脱色活性黑相比,菌株CB1可以更有效地脱色活性红染料,在脱色12d时,菌株CB1对浓度为10、50、100、250、500mg/L的活性黑脱色率分别为96%、93%、65%、55%、40%,菌株CB1对浓度为10、50、100、250、500mg/L的活性红在12d时的脱色率分别为98%、95%、91%、87%、83%。  相似文献   

11.
    
Fusarium species causing wilt diseases in different plants were characterised by comparing nonpathogenic and different pathogenic species using rDNA RFLP analysis. The ITS (internal transcribed spacer) region of 12 isolates belonging to the section Elegans, Laseola, Mortiella, Discolor, Gibbosum, Lateritium and Sporotrichiella were amplified by universal ITS primers (ITS-1 and ITS-4) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Amplified products, which ranged from 522 to 565 bp were obtained from all 12 Fusarium isolates. The amplified products were digested with seven restriction enzymes, and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns were analysed. A dendrogram derived from PCR-RFLP analysis of the rDNA region divided the Fusarium isolates into three major groups. Assessment of molecular variability based on rDNA RFLP clearly indicated that Fusarium species are heterogeneous and most of the forma speciales have close evolutionary relationships.  相似文献   

12.
    
Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt is one of the most well‐known invasive species in the world. There have, however, been few genetic investigations on both its introduced and native populations. There are also some questions about the taxonomic status of this species. This study is the first to assess the genetic diversity of S. muticum on a global scale, by utilizing one marker each from the extranuclear genomes, namely, plastidial RUBISCO and mitochondrial TrnW_I spacers, as well as the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2). Based on the markers investigated, both the invasive as well as the native populations of this species appeared very homogenous, when compared with other invasive and brown macroalgae. No variation in ITS2 and RUBISCO spacer was revealed in S. muticum populations, including those from its native ranges in Asia and the introduced ranges in Europe and North America. Two TrnW_I spacer haplotypes with a fixed two‐nucleotide difference were found between the populations of eastern Japan and the other 15 populations examined. This study confirms that there is no cryptic diversity in the introduced range of this species. All the materials collected globally are indeed S. muticum. Results depicting the distribution range of the two TrnW_I spacer haplotypes also support the earlier suggestion that the source of the introduced S. muticum populations is most likely western and central Japan (Seto Inland Sea), where the germlings of S. muticum were likely to have been transported with the Pacific oysters previously introduced for farming in Canada, UK, and France in earlier years.  相似文献   

13.
    
Strains of Chlamydomonas allensworthii Starr, Marner, and Jaenike isolated from 13 sites worldwide in distribution were compared to assess the congruity of DNA similarity, sexual behavior, and pheromone response type. The isolates fell into two pheromone response categories. One of these included isolates of widespread distribution in the United States, and all appeared to be capable of forming zygotes inter se. The second group was larger and more complex, encompassing four mating groups as defined by zygote formation. Comparison of DNA sequences (internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 of the nuclear rDNA repeats) fully supported the same subdivision of the isolates. Both selfing and outbreeding clones were among the isolates. The possibility that other Volvocales species might respond to these same pheromones remains to be tested.  相似文献   

14.
汤洪敏  虞泓  吴刚  崔光芬 《菌物学报》2008,27(2):230-236
以松口蘑Tricholoma matsutake子实体为外类群,对大白口蘑T.giganteum野生子实体及其组织分离菌丝进行ITS序列测序,通过DNAStar软件进行比较分析。结果表明大白口蘑ITS序列长度为589bp,松口蘑ITS序列长度为601bp,ITS1和ITS2呈现不同程度的种间多态性;ITS序列测定证实了大白口蘑野生子实体及其组织分离菌丝的同质性,并且ITS区序列在大白口蘑种内不同菌株间的变异程度很小,表明使用通用引物ITS4和ITS5,通过PCR扩增测序即可用于大白口蘑的种质鉴定。  相似文献   

15.
以松口蘑Tricholoma matsutake子实体为外类群,对大白口蘑T. giganteum 野生子实体及其组织分离菌丝进行ITS序列测序,通过DNAStar软件进行比较分析。结果表明大白口蘑ITS序列长度为589bp,松口蘑ITS序列长度为601bp,ITS1和ITS2呈现不同程度的种间多态性;ITS序列测定证实了大白口蘑野生子实体及其组织分离菌丝的同质性,并且ITS区序列在大白口蘑种内不同菌株间的变异程度很小,表明使用通用引物ITS4和ITS5,通过PCR扩增测序即可用于大白口蘑的种质鉴定。  相似文献   

16.
通过一次航行对广东湛江湾19个站位的表层和底层海水进行采样。经过对样品的分离纯化,共获得253株丝状真菌菌株。通过测序获得了121个rDNA-ITS序列,并已提交给GenBank。经统计分析发现,湛江湾表层和底层海水真菌数量总体上表现为由湾内向湾口逐渐减少的水平分布格局;湛江湾表层丝状真菌的数量略多于底层,在海水表层和底层中真菌种类和数量的分布规律相似。根据形态特征及rDNA-ITS的Blast同源性分析,这些菌株分属于18个属和32个分类单元,其中包括7个海洋真菌新记录属。结果表明,湛江湾丝状真菌多样性Shannon指数达2.75,物种优势度变化范围为30.90%–0.02%。枝孢属Cladosporium的优势度最高,为湛江湾优势种群,其次是青霉属Penicillium、侧齿霉属Engyodontium、曲霉属Aspergillus、枝顶孢属Acremonium等。湛江湾表层和底层海水真菌群落的Jaccard相似系数为0.42。  相似文献   

17.
Genera Lamiophlomis and Paraphlomis were originally separated from genus Phlomis s.1. on the basis of particular morphological characteristics. However, their relationship was highly contentious, as evidenced by the literature. In the present paper, the systematic positions of Lamiophlomis, Paraphlomis, and their related genera were assessed based on nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and chloroplast rpl16 and trnL-F sequence data using maximum parsimony (MP) and Bayesian methods. and outgroup were sampled. Analyses of both separate In total, 24 species representing six genera of the ingroup and combined sequence data were conducted to resolve the systematic relationships of these genera. The results reveal that Lamiophlomis is nested within Phlomis sect. Phlomoides and its generic status is not supported. With the inclusion ofLamiophlomis rotata in sect. Phlomoides, sections Phlomis and Phlomoides of Phlomis were resolved as monophyletic. Paraphlomis was supported as an independent genus. However, the resolution of its monophyly conflicted between MP and Bayesian analyses, suggesting the need for expended sampling and further evidence.  相似文献   

18.
对长江白甲鱼(Onychostoma sima)样本核DNA进行PCR扩增,获得白甲鱼核DNA上编码核糖体5.8SrRNA和28SrRNA基因的部分序列和完整的ITS2序列(876bp)。运用DNA分析软件对白甲鱼2个驯养群体(重庆水产研究所长寿湖珍稀鱼类繁育中心及涪陵鱼种场)进行了遗传多样性分析。结果表明:该序列平均T、C、A和G碱基组成为22%、32.5%、29.6%和15.8%,颠换Tv=40,转换Ts=10,转换和颠换比值为R=Ts/Tv=0.25。40个体都是单倍型,单倍型多样度为H=1.000,平均核苷酸差异系数K=5.978,核苷酸多样性Pi=0.0682。中性检验及聚类分析表明,两个群体没有分化成单一的群体,两个驯养群体遗传多样性高,种质质量良好。  相似文献   

19.
    
We investigated the genetic variations of the samples that were tentatively identified as two cultivated Porphyra species (Porphyra yezoensis Ueda and Porphyra tenera Kjellm.) from various natural populations in Japan using molecular analyses of plastid and nuclear DNA. From PCR‐RFLP analyses using nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA and plastid RUBISCO spacer regions and phylogenetic analyses using plastid rbcL and nuclear ITS‐1 rDNA sequences, our samples from natural populations of P. yezoensis and P. tenera showed remarkably higher genetic variations than found in strains that are currently used for cultivation. In addition, it is inferred that our samples contain four wild Porphyra species, and that three of the four species, containing Porphyra kinositae, are closely related to cultivated Porphyra species. Furthermore, our PCR‐RFLP and molecular phylogenetic analyses using both the nuclear and plastid DNA demonstrated the occurrence of plastid introgression from P. yezoensis to P. tenera and suggested the possibility of plastid introgression from cultivated P. yezoensis to wild P. yezoensis. These results imply the importance of collecting and establishing more strains of cultivated Porphyra species and related wild species from natural populations as genetic resources for further improvement of cultivated Porphyra strains.  相似文献   

20.
    
Freshwater species of Cladophora (Chlorophyta) are globally distributed and occupy an unusually wide range of ecological habitats. Delineating species is difficult because most easily observed morphological traits are highly variable and because sexual reproduction has not been clearly documented. Synthesizing ecological data on freshwater Cladophora species is problematic because it is unclear whether freshwater Cladophora species comprise many genetically distinct species or a few ecologically and morphologically variable and/or plastic species. We determined nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal cistron of freshwater Cladophora species from a wide range of habitats and geographic locations. We compared these sequences to those derived from culture collections of C. fracta and C. glomerata, the two most commonly reported freshwater Cladophora species. Cladophora fracta and C. glomerata had very similar ITS sequences (95.3%). All other sequences were identical to those from the C. fracta or C. glomerata culture collections with the exception of one California sample that was similar to both C. fracta (95.6%) and C. glomerata (92.4%). ITS genotypes did not correlate with morphology or geography. This analysis shows that common freshwater Cladophora species comprise very few (possibly one) ecologically and morphologically variable species.  相似文献   

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