活性型粒酶B基因的异位表达导致多核巨细胞产生

粒酶B（granzyme B, GrB）是一种重要的丝氨酸蛋白酶参与细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)和自然杀伤细胞(NK)介导的细胞杀伤过程.为研究粒酶B在肿瘤细胞中异位表达后能否诱导细胞死亡,将构建的活性型粒酶B（GrBa）基因及其酶活性中心突变型（mGrBa）基因的真核表达载体,以脂质体法瞬时转染HeLa细胞,通过绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)共表达、间接免疫荧光、细胞计数、MTT等方法,观察到GrBa蛋白的异位表达引起多核巨细胞形态异常,并且表达细胞的生长受到抑制.Percoll分离多核巨细胞后,观察到其生长状态较差,是导致生长抑制的直接原因.细胞骨架破坏和具有多极纺锤体的异常有丝分裂,推测是多核巨细胞不断产生的根源.上述结果为GrBa应用于肿瘤基因治疗提供了一定依据.     

肠道特异性基因表达调控元件研究进展

外源性基因在特定靶组织的高效、稳定表达是转基因动物研究和基因治疗的重要前提。外源基因在非靶组织中的异位表达一直是制约基因治疗技术的发展,影响转基因动物的安全性的重要因素。目前,一系列肠道特异性基因表达调控序列相继被克隆并鉴定。就上述调控序列的结构、功能和转录活性以及组织特异性作简要综述,为构建稳定、高效、特异性的嵌合型肠道转录调控元件提供理论依据,对环境友好型转基因动物的生产以及肠道性疾病有效的基因治疗研究具有重要参考价值。     

Ectopic Expression of Plk1 Leads to Activation of the Spindle Checkpoint

Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), the best characterized member of the mammalian polo-like kinase family, is well regulated throughout the cell cycle, and is inhibited following DNA damage. Chk1 plays a key role in the response to DNA damage. We recently reported that Chk1 is required for mitotic progression through negative regulation of Plk1. Here, we report the phenotypes of cultured cells upon ectopic expression of various forms of Plk1. Epitopic expression of Plk1 led to mitotic arrest, whereas co-expression of Chk1 could release this mitotic block. Moreover, the Plk1 expression-induced mitotic block was also released by inactivation of the spindle-assembly checkpoint.     

人类连接蛋白基因Cx26的上游调控部位

人类连接蛋白２６（Ｃｏｎｎｅｘｉｎ ２６,Ｃｘ２６）已被看作乳腺癌上皮细胞中的抑瘤基因候选者．为了阐明此基因的调控机理,对其转译起始点上游的一个具有启动功能的１．６ ｋｂ 片段采用ｅｘｏ Ⅲ构建１０个单向删除重组体后进行了ＣＡＴ报告基因分析．结果表明,此１．６ ｋｂ 片段其启动子功能部位位于５′端２００ ｂｐ 范围内．其中含有－ＴＧＴ盒（位于１８２～１８７ ｂｐ）,一个ＴＴＡＡＡＡ 盒位于１５８～１６３ ｂｐ,这是人类Ｃｘ２６基因的又一启动区,这些发现无疑地对了解和阐明Ｃｘ２６基因在乳腺发育过程中及其病理生理作用的复杂调控具有特别重要的意义．     

核糖体蛋白基因上游转录调控元件协同作用的分析

在对酵母基因上游区调控位点的研究中发现,具有高转录水平的基因几乎都是编码核糖体蛋白的,在低转录水平的基因中却没有发现核糖体蛋白基因,这一现象似乎提示着核糖体蛋白基因上游序列中含有较多潜在的有利于基因转录的转录因子结合位点.为了能对核糖体蛋白基因上游序列有一个系统全面的认识,本文采用多种统计方法从不同角度探测了核糖体蛋白基因上游序列中潜在的转录正调控位点,并对它们之间可能存在的协同作用模式进行了分析.     

Identification of CHO Endogenous Gene Regulatory Elements

The objective of this approach was to identify new CHO endogenous gene regulatory elements that are capable of regulating foreign gene expression in recombinant CHO host cells. The standard technology for the production of many biopharmaceutical products is frequently based on expression vectors that utilize strong mammalian viral promoters like SV40 or CMV which allow for very high expression rates but this may lead to constitutive over-expression resulting in a permanent stress for the cell. In addition, some heterologous promoters are cell-cycle dependent and can be subject to gene silencing generating heterogeneity within the cell population. Here, we describe the construction of a genomic CHO library and the subsequent identification and isolation of selected target sequences that are believed to be responsible for high level expression of the associated genes. The method that was used to isolate these regions of interest relies on gene specific amplification with primer pairs binding on different genes and the vector sequence. Flanking regions of these fragments were identified through Inverse PCR from fragmented and self-ligated genomic DNA. Expression levels of both the initially derived and the mapped fragments were determined through a luciferase reporter assay.     

Phase-Specific Elements of the stringGene Regulatory Region in Drosophila melanogaster

The phases of the reporter gene expression controlled by different fragments of the string(stg) gene regulatory region were determined in Drosophilaneuroblasts by detection of -galactosidase activity and radioautography. In the D10 and D22 lines carrying the constructs pstg-E4.9 and pstg-E5.3, respectively, the reporter gene activity was detected in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. In the D12 and D20 lines (pstg-E6.4 and pstg-E2.6), no periodic expression was observed. The regulatory regions of the stgfrom lines D10 and D22 and that of Drosophilagene cyclin Dshared consensus aagaactttg, which was also expressed in the G1 phase. The phase-specific expression of the cell-cycle genes was compared in a model for the mitotic-wave cells of eye imaginal disk and neuroblasts of the nerve ganglia.     

Transposable Elements in the Evolution of Gene Regulatory Networks

Russian Journal of Genetics - Over the past decade, there has been an active study of the interactions between the population of transposable elements (TEs) and the rest of the genome. Many...     

Ecological genetics of the Adh-1 locus of Drosophila buzzatii

The Adh-1 polymorphism of Drosophila buzzatii was studied in terms of the effects of the larval substrate (laboratory food and Opuntia stricta tissue inoculated with live yeast species) on larval survival, development time and subsequent adult size, using the three common Adh-1 genotypes. Studies with laboratory food yielded mixed results, but in general the Adh-1^b/Adh-1^b genotype was superior to Adh-1^c/Adh-1^c with the heterozygote intermediate. Studies with the natural substrate (Opuntia stricta tissue) using mono- and bicultures of four associated yeast species also showed that the Adh-1^b/Adh-1^b genotype develops faster and survives better than Adh-1^c/Adh-1^c. There were no genotype-by-yeast interactions which might explain the maintenance of the polymorphism. Drosophila buzzatii larvae develop faster and attain larger adult sizes when raised on bicultures of yeasts as compared with the corresponding monocultures.     

酵母SUC2基因上游顺序对其表达的影响

从SUC2基因上游约—900bp向起始密码进行系列缺失。将带有这种缺失上游区的SUC2基因插入多拷贝质粒,并转化进不产蔗糖酶的酵母细胞。测定了这些缺失株表达蔗糖酶的数量。结果表明:在葡萄糖阻遏条件下,SUC2上游区缺失从-636bp到-179bp的不同细胞,糖基化蔗糖酶的表达量逐渐升高。和野生型相比,SUC2上游区缺失到-223bp和-179bp的细胞糖基化蔗糖酶量增加100倍以上。在葡萄糖去阻遏条件下,SUC2上游缺失从-395bp到-179bp的不同细胞,糖基化蔗糖酶的表达量只显示微弱的去阻遏效应。缺失末端达-89bp和-41bp的细胞只表达很少的糖基化蔗糖酶,但是非糖基化蔗糖酶的表达量明显增加。     

黑曲霉糖化酶基因上游调控区的克隆与分析

目的:通过基因工程方法改造糖化酶基因上游调控区,提高糖化酶产量提供研究。方法:以糖化酶生产菌黑曲霉为材料,通过PCR扩增获得糖化酶基因上游调控区片段PglaA。经测序比对发现该序列与GenBank中编号AM270061的序列相似性为100%。进一步的分析结果表明此序列含有2个保守的激活蛋白结合位点序列CCAAT和1个可能的葡萄糖阻遏位点CT-GGGG。结果:通过不同浓度葡萄糖对糖化酶合成的影响确定该菌株存在葡萄糖阻遏效应,当浓度到到3%以上时阻遏率高达70%以上,为葡萄糖阻遏位点预测结果提供了实验证据,并且经实验测得糖化酶活力随着接种量的增加而增加,当增加到5%时,相对酶活最高。     

Ectopic Expression of the Drosophila Homeotic Gene Proboscipedia under Antennapedia P1 Control Causes Dominant Thoracic Defects

A deletion mutation in the Antennapedia Complex of Drosophila melanogaster, Df(3R)SCBXL2, induces both dominant and recessive loss-of-function phenotypes. The deletion is associated with diminished function of proboscipedia (pb), a homeotic gene required for mouthparts formation. Df(3R)SCBXL2 also has associated dominant thoracic defects related to diminished expression of the homeotic Antennapedia (Antp) gene copy on the homologous chromosome. This is shown to be a consequence of ectopic pb expression in the thorax. Newly juxtaposed Antp sequences provide the pb gene on the deletion bearing chromosome with a second promoter, Antp P1, in addition to its own. Ectopic pb protein expression occurs under Antp P1 control, by alternate splicing, and results in diminished accumulation of Antp protein in the imaginal disc cells where Antp P1 is normally expressed. The analysis of this mutant chromosome thus demonstrates that pb protein is capable of participating in the negative regulation of a more posteriorly expressed homeotic gene, as well as serving a homeotic "selector" function in the head.