台湾太鲁阁(Truku)族群肤纹学研究

本文报道台湾太鲁阁(Truku)的肤纹参数, 样本包括100名男性和100名女性。研究方法以《ADA标准-CDA版本》为依据、项目以《CDA标准》的Ⅱ级模式样本为依据。还有atd、tPD、猿线、指三角、同名指指纹对应的情况等, 见到非随机组合的现象。这是首次对太鲁阁人肤纹作Ⅱ级模式样本的调查, 为医学、遗传学和人类学等提供Ⅱ级模式样本。肤纹是人类的生物学性状, 由遗传和环境所致。指纹花样有每人每指各不相同和终身稳定两大特点, 成为个人身份鉴定的证明。肤纹在群体间有特异性, 在民族间有明显的差异。研究群体或民族的肤纹, 可以发现人类肤纹的遗传标记。     

Dermatoglyphics in cases of hypospadias: New data

Data on digital and palmar dermatoglyphics in 40 males hospitalized at the Urological Clinic of the University of Cagliari are given. Data on hypospadias patients are compared to those of 106 apparently healthy Sardinian males for digital dermatoglyphics and of 180 for palmar dermatoglyphics In hypospadias patients there is a significant decrease of patterns in the hypothenar area and an increase of radial arches in hypothenar area, while for other characteristics the differences are always not significant.     

对白马藏族的皮纹学研究

作者对四川省平武县的488例白马藏族健康人的皮纹进行了研究,其中男性246人,女性242人。将其皮纹参数与汉族、土族、彝族等民族的皮纹比较,经X~2及u检验处理,发现该民族的皮纹基本符合黄色人种的特点,但与汉、土、彝、藏诸族也存在若干统计学差异。认为若希冀皮纹学研究对该民族的识别有所帮助,需扩大样本,选择对照进一步研究。     

Dermatoglyphics of the Efe pygmies.

This paper deals with the dermatoglyphics in a group of Efe Pygmies, especially with the quantitative traits of fingers, as well as with palmar dermatoglyphics. This material was collected by P. Schebesta in Zaire and was partially published already by J.A. Valsík in 1938.     

Variety of cows and sires according to types of dermatoglyphics (patterns) of the nose-labial mirror of cattle

Dermatoglyphic+ of the nasal-lip speculum presents a complex structure of skin picture on its surface. Genetics and phenetics of this character permit determining different types of dermatoglyphics, their hereditary peculiarities to be retained in generations. Different types of dermatoglyphics are established to be preserved within genealogical lines and families of cows. Differences between breeds in some dermatoglyphic elements are observed.     

Dermatoglyphics from All Chinese Ethnic Groups Reveal Geographic Patterning

Completion of a survey of dermatoglyphic variables for all ethnic groups in an ethnically diverse country like China is a huge research project, and an achievement that anthropological and dermatoglyphic scholars in the country could once only dream of. However, through the endeavors of scientists in China over the last 30 years, the dream has become reality. This paper reports the results of a comprehensive analysis of dermatoglyphics from all ethnic groups in China. Using cluster analysis and principal component analysis of dermatoglyphics, it has been found that Chinese populations can be generally divided into a southern group and a northern group. Furthermore, there has been considerable debate about the origins of many Chinese populations and about proper assignment of these peoples to larger ethnic groups. In this paper, we suggest that dermatoglyphic data can inform these debates by helping to classify a Chinese population as a northern or southern group, using selected reference populations and quantitative methods. This study is the first to assemble and investigate dermatoglyphics from all 56 Chinese ethnic groups. It is fortunate that data on population dermatoglyphics, a field of physical anthropology, have now been collected for all 56 Chinese ethnic groups, because intermarriage between individuals from different Chinese ethnic groups occurs more frequently in recent times, making population dermatoglyphic research an ever more challenging field of inquiry.     

Inheritance of human fingerprints]

Polygenic threshold model of finger dermatoglyphics inheritance is worked out on the basis of family and population data. According to the model, ulnar loops are subthreshold patterns, which transforms into whorl or arch under the control of SU and SR gene complexes. Epistasis-hypostasis interactions take place between genes of SU and SR complexes. Classification of phenotypes for finger dermatoglyphics is offered and the frequency of these phenotypes in three populational samples of Kiev is studied.     

Characteristics of digital and palmar dermatoglyphics in people of different ages living in the territory of the Ukrainian Polesie]

Examination of dermatoglyphs in people aged 50-103 living in the territory of the Ukrainian Polesie has revealed age differences in some indices of dermatoglyphics: total crest count, palmar angle, character of the cutaneous pattern of fingers. It assumed that these differences have arisen as a consequence of selection of persons characterized by high reliability of the genotype functioning. The data obtained permit supposing that it is possible to use dermatoglyphics for determining hereditary predisposition of people to longevity.     

The multivariate analysis of dermatoglyphics in population systematics

In this paper a multivariate analysis of dermatoglyphics was carried out. The following traits were used: pattern intensity on fingers, average of main line D terminations and frequencies of patterns in the five configurational areas of the palm. Firstly a cluster analysis is produced and completed with a principal components analysis. The results of both studies show clear agreement. The main conclusion is: the multivariate analysis of dermatoglyphics displays several groups of populations, which with the peculiarities pointed out in the paper, are in concordance with the classical racial stocks.     

The palmar dermatoglyphics of Macaca fascicularis: A comparison with Macaca fuscata

An analysis of the palmar dermatoglyphics from a sizeable population of Macaca fascicularis is presented. These dermatoglyphics are then compared with those obtained by Mitsuo Iwamoto for M. fuscata fuscata and M. fuscata yakui to try and determine if they can be used to delineate species' boundaries. Finally the results as well as possible phylogenetic implications are discussed.     

The dermatoglyphics of American Caucasians

Digital and palmar dermatoglyphics were collected from 360 male and 360 female seven year old Caucasians from the greater Boston area. All participants were screened and found to be free of minor anomalies or chronic diseases. All individuals with I.Q. scores below 70 were also excluded. The results were presented in such a way as to give information on bilateral symmetry as well as overall frequencies of the various dermatoglyphic features. The results were compared with those of the corresponding sample of seven year old normal male and female Negrose of the accompanying report. A review of the distribution of the dermatoglyphic features in different Caucasian populations has also been presented and the overall dermatoglyphics of the Caucasians were discussed in reference to the distribution of the same features in the other major “racial” groups. The method of collection and selection of the subjects, described in the text, makes this set of data unique and one of the most suitable for use as controls in studying the dermatoglyphics of the individuals with diseases or congenital anomalies.     

Digital dermatoglyphic patterns of Eskimo and Amerindian populations: relationships between geographic, dermatoglyphic, genetic, and linguistic distances.

Dermatoglyphic traits have been used to assess population affinities and structure. Here, we describe the digital patterns of four Eskimo populations from Alaska: two Yupik-speaking villages from St. Lawrence Island and two Inupik groups presently residing on mainland Alaska. For a broader evolutionary perspective, these four Eskimo populations are compared to other Inuit groups, to North American Indian populations, and to Siberian aggregates. The genetic structures of 18 New and Old World populations were explored using R-matrix plots and Wright's FST values. The relationships between dermatoglyphic, blood genetic, geographic, and linguistic distances were assessed by comparing matrices through Mantel correlations and through partial and multiple correlations. Statistically significant relationships between dermatoglyphics and genetics, genetics and geography, and geography and language were revealed. In addition, significant correlations between dermatoglyphics and geography, with linguistic variation constant, were noted for females but not for males. These results attest to the usefulness of dermatoglyphics in resolving various evolutionary questions concerning normal human variation.     

Unusual Dermatoglyphic Findings Associated with Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease of Infancy—First Report and Practical Review

Infection with the human cytomegalovirus has a teratogenic effect on the fetus during the first trimester of gestation as does rubella. Since unusual dermatoglyphic findings have been observed in infants with congenital rubella infection, the present study was designed to determine whether or not unusual dermatoglyphics occur in patients with cytomegalic inclusion disease of infancy. Analysis of dermatoglyphics in 15 infants with cytomegalic inclusion disease revealed unusual features in all infants. These features are reported here for the first time and are compared with dermatoglyphic findings in a normal population as well as with those of available parents of the infants.     

Dermatoglyphics in beta-thalassemia major]

The features of dermatoglyphics in 39 children with beta-thalassemia major and in 47 their parents are studied. The control were 70 healthy children. The patients with beta-thalassemia had more often the prevailence of whorls over other finger patterns. There was an increase of the "atd" angle and some increase in the ridge of counts. Parents had also an increase of the amount of whorls, but this increase was less pronounced than under beta-thalassemia. The changes of the dermatoglyphics in parents of children affected with beta-thalassemia major are suggested to ba a phenotypic feature of heterozygous carrier of the mutant gene.     

Dermatoglyphics in Children with Acute Leukaemia

The dermatoglyphics of 135 children with acute leukaemia differed significantly from those of normal controls, and examination of 174 of the patients'' first degree relatives indicated that familial factors were involved. The findings suggested that within the racial group studied dermatoglyphics may partly identify a population subgroup which is at increased risk of leukaemogenesis. While these observations may not have immediate clinical application, they are likely to contribute to a greater understanding of individuals who have increased constitutional susceptibility to leukaemia.     

Dermatoglyphics of Down's syndrome patients in Malays--a comparative study

There has been no recent report on the dermatoglyphics of the Malays (normal population as well as patients with Down's syndrome). A study on the frequencies of the dermal patterns (dermatoglyphics) of the digits, palms and hallucal areas was done therefore in 40 Malay patients with Down's syndrome and 200 unrelated normal controls. Only the patients with the standard 21 trisomy karyotype were included in the study. Comparison was made with the published data on studies done in various racial groups. Significant differences of the dermal patterns were found not only between the controls but also among patients of different races.     

Dermatoglyphics in childhood leukemia

The dermatoglyphics of 54 leukemic children do not differ significantly from those of 25 mothers and 592 unrelated controls with respect to frequency of digital pattern types, position of axial triradius, or type of palmar flexion creases. These findings do not support the hypothesis that children with leukemia have an increased frequency of unusual dermal patterns, but suggest that the dermatoglyphics of leukemic children are not distinctive and therefore have no practical value in the diagnosis of childhood leukemia. Whatever factors are responsible for the development of leukemia in children, these factors do not appear regularly to affect the differentiation of the dermal ridges.     

The dermatoglyphic characteristics of two isolated Bedouin groups from South Sinai

The dermatoglyphics of the Muzeina and Gebeliya Bedouin tribes, two small biologically isolated populations, leading a similar nomadic life under the specific conditions of the Sinai desert, were studied. The differences found between the studied samples concern particularly the frequencies of palmar and finger pattern types. These differences are in agreement with data on the origin of the tribes, a Negro and/or European admixture being evident in the Gebeliya dermatoglyphics. The coefficients of variation for some quantitative dermatoglyphic traits, presumably with a polygenic determination, are lower in the Muzeina than in the Gebeliya sample. Isolation and consanguinity may exert their influence on the dermatoglyphic traits influencing the frequencies of the corresponding genes.     

Palmar and plantar pads and flexion creases of the rat (Rattus norvegicus)

The recent detection of dermal ridge configurations on the volar pads of the rat (Rattus norvegicus) has created opportunities for experimental studies of dermatoglyphics. In the present work, the palmar and plantar surfaces of the rat were studied to establish the feasibility of comparative rat and human dermatoglyphic investigations. The studied features included the volar pads and flexion creases. The number and location of the palmar and plantar pads in the rat were found to be similar to those of humans. The exception was a previously unrecognized small pad on the palms and soles of the rat, located on the radial and tibial side, respectively, of the proximal component of the first interdigital pad. This pad has no parallel in human embryos. Rats were found to have flexion creases in the non-pad areas between the neighboring pads, similar in location and appearance to those of humans. Unlike humans, however, rats also have boundary creases, separating the pad and non-pad areas. The marked similarities in the morphology of the volar areas between rats and humans make the rat ideally suitable for experimental studies of dermatoglyphics and flexion creases. Results of such studies should be applicable to human developmental dermatoglyphics, including those pertaining to medical disorders. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.