共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 850 毫秒
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“合成生物学”在生命科学研究中汇聚了工程、物理、化学、数学、计算机等学科的进展,采用工程科学的研究理念,对生物体进行有目标地设计、改造乃至重新合成,甚至创建赋予非自然功能的“人造生命”,推动了从认识生命到设计生命的跨越,正在引领产业技术变革和生物经济可持续发展。本文结合中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所作为我国合成生物学领域重要代表成立十年来的发展,聚焦“造物致用”,简要回顾和梳理了国内外合成生物学的重要科技进展与产业发展状况,并展望分析了我国合成生物学的未来发展。 相似文献
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合成生物技术助力可持续发展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
合成生物学是21世纪生物学领域新兴的一门学科,是生物学与数学、化学、计算科学、工程科学等学科交叉融合的产物,是继DNA双螺旋发现和“人类基因组测序”之后的第三次生物技术革命,不仅对揭示生命本质和探索生命活动基本规律具有重要科学意义,并有望形成颠覆性生物技术创新,为破解人类社会面临的资源与环境不足的重大挑战提供全新的解决方案,对促进人类命运共同体的永续发展具有重大意义。 相似文献
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随着工程生物学、基因编辑等共性技术的快速发展,工业生物技术领域的颠覆式创新在低碳合成、未来食品、药物开发等工业生物技术领域不断取得颠覆式创新,支撑了生物产业高质量创新发展。工业生物技术正在为变革传统工业制造模式,构建碳中性工业制造路线形成重要科技支撑。本文从战略规划、创新机构、人才建设、基础研究、科技创新、产业推进等方面系统介绍了中国科学院在工业生物技术领域的整体安排、建制化研发与科技进展,并提出了加快工业生物技术发展的建议。 相似文献
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环境生物技术是近30年来发展起来的一门由现代生物技术与环境工程相结合的新兴交叉学科。环境生物技术发展极其迅速.已成为解决环境污染问题的最有效手段。它涉及的学科包括发酵工程学、酶工程学、分子生物学、基因工程学、环境生物学、植物学和计算机科学等。目前环境生物技术最有应用前景的领域包括:高效的废物生物处理技术、污染场地的现场修复技术以及环境友好材料和清洁能源的生物生产技术。 相似文献
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DNA合成是生命科学领域的共性支撑技术和合成生物学的关键使能技术。以合成生物学为基础的工业生物技术持续快速发展,迫切需要更加便捷、经济、安全的DNA来源以满足其日益增长的大规模DNA合成需求。工业化DNA合成在通量、成本、速度等方面的优势日益凸显,有力推动了工业生物技术研发效率的提升和研发成本的下降。但是现有技术在生产过程中还存在着使用大量有机试剂、资源浪费等问题。随着DNA合成规模的持续快速提升,有毒化学品危害、成本负担、环境负担等问题日益突出。本文结合我们的工作实践,对工业生物技术中DNA合成需求、合成策略以及可持续发展面临的问题和解决方案研究进展进行探讨。 相似文献
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High pressure in bioscience and biotechnology: pure science encompassed in pursuit of value 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Hayashi R 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》2002,1595(1-2):397-399
A fundamental factors, pressure (P), is indispensable to develop and support applications in the field of bioscience and biotechnology. This short sentence describes an example how high pressure bioscience and biotechnology, which started from applied science, stimulates challenges of basic science and pure science in the biology-related fields including not only food science, medicine, and pharmacology but also biochemistry, molecular biology, cell biology, physical chemistry, and engineering. 相似文献
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The chemical industry has made a contribution to modern society by providing cost‐competitive products for our daily use. However, it now faces a serious challenge regarding environmental pollutions and greenhouse gas emission. With the rapid development of molecular biology, biochemistry, and synthetic biology, industrial biotechnology has evolved to become more efficient for production of chemicals and materials. However, in contrast to chemical industries, current industrial biotechnology (CIB) is still not competitive for production of chemicals, materials, and biofuels due to their low efficiency and complicated sterilization processes as well as high‐energy consumption. It must be further developed into “next‐generation industrial biotechnology” (NGIB), which is low‐cost mixed substrates based on less freshwater consumption, energy‐saving, and long‐lasting open continuous intelligent processing, overcoming the shortcomings of CIB and transforming the CIB into competitive processes. Contamination‐resistant microorganism as chassis is the key to a successful NGIB, which requires resistance to microbial or phage contaminations, and available tools and methods for metabolic or synthetic biology engineering. This review proposes a list of contamination‐resistant bacteria and takes Halomonas spp. as an example for the production of a variety of products, including polyhydroxyalkanoates under open‐ and continuous‐processing conditions proposed for NGIB. 相似文献
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以生物催化和生物转化为核心的工业生物技术是实现社会和经济可持续发展的有效手段。本期专刊分别从基因工程、代谢工程与合成生物学、生理工程、发酵工程与生化工程、生物催化与生物转化、生物技术与方法等方面,介绍了我国在工业生物技术领域的最新研究进展。 相似文献
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《Trends in biotechnology》2023,41(9):1127-1138
As the era of omics continues to expand with increasing ubiquity and success in both academia and industry, omics-based experiments are becoming commonplace in industrial biotechnology, including efforts to develop novel solutions in bioprocess optimization and cell line development. Omic technologies provide particularly valuable ‘observational’ insights for discovery science, especially in academic research and industrial R&D; however, biomanufacturing requires a different paradigm to unlock ‘actionable’ insights from omics. Here, we argue the value of omic experiments in biotechnology can be maximized with deliberate selection of omic approaches and forethought about analysis techniques. We describe important considerations when designing and implementing omic-based experiments and discuss how systems biology analysis strategies can enhance efforts to obtain actionable insights in mammalian-based biologics production. 相似文献
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Goodwin T Lundquist C Tuxhorn J Hurlbert K 《Journal of gravitational physiology : a journal of the International Society for Gravitational Physiology》2004,11(1):75-80
The primary mission of the Cellular Biotechnology Program is to advance microgravity as a tool in basic and applied cell biology. The microgravity environment can be used to study fundamental principles of cell biology and to achieve specific applications such as tissue engineering. The Biotechnology Facility (BTF) will provide a state-of-the-art facility to perform cellular biotechnology research onboard the International Space Station (ISS). The BTF will support continuous operation, which will allow performance of long-duration experiments and will significantly increase the on-orbit science throughput. 相似文献
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德国:全方位推进生物科技及产业发展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
德国是欧洲第一经济大国,对生物科技一贯十分重视,希望生物技术产业成为继汽车、机械制造之后的第三大产业。促进基础研究和产业化开发;注重发挥自身的优势抢占生命科学前沿制高点;实施一系列科技计划全方位推进生物科技创新;着力后备人才培养;依托区域优势和凸显区域特色,多层面促进生物技术产业发展;政府十分重视工业生物技术的发展,大力扶持创新型生物技术企业。 相似文献