微弱发光分析技术应用实例(三)——药物抗氧化作用的测定

微弱发光分析技术用于测定药物的抗氧化作用方式和抗氧化能力有其独特的优点.简要介绍应用BPCL型微弱发光仪测定了十几种药物的抗氧化性能的方法和初步结论.说明了这种技术和仪器在应用领域的作用.还谈到了BPCL微弱发光测量仪数据采集和分析的主要性能.     

微弱发光分析技术应用实例(七)——流动注射法微弱化学发光分析痕量药物的研究

微弱发光分析技术在药物分析中具有广泛的应用前景.以Ce⁴⁺-安乃近-罗丹明6G的化学发光反应以及安乃近在胶束中的自氧化化学发光反应为例,介绍了BPCL微弱发光测量仪与流动注射装置相结合测定痕量药物的微弱化学发光分析方法.     

微弱发光分析技术应用实例(四)

植物生理变化往往伴随着发光过程,探测这种发光过程,寻求其规律性,对于农业、林业科学研究具有重要意义.BPCL型微弱发光测量仪的样品室可以直接测量各种生物（植物、动物）体系的发光.超弱发光测量对于大豆种子生理变化敏感,有可能作为品种鉴定的手段之一.微弱发光动力学测量是具有应用前景的新方法,可用于多种植物的抗逆性研究.     

微弱发光分析技术原理及应用实例(一)

微弱发光分析技术近年得到迅速发展,在自由基、活性氧分析、化学发光分析、生物的超微弱发光分析、发光免疫分析、生物发光分析等领域得到广泛应用.简要介绍了微弱发光分析技术的测量原理,并以一些研究成果为实例讲解如何应用微弱发光分析技术进行研究和实践.     

微弱发光分析技术应用实例(六)——发光分析与肿瘤研究

微弱发光分析技术已经用于肿瘤学研究,骨肿瘤病人和正常人的血液和尿液的发光强度使用BPCL型微弱发光测量仪进行了测量.结果指出,骨肿瘤病人血液和尿液的发光强度高于正常人（P＜0.05）.骨肿瘤病人尿液的发光强度在手术之后明显降低（P＜0.05）.裸鼠血液和各种脏器的微弱发光测量结果表明,荷瘤之后,各个脏器的发光强度显著增加.     

微弱发光分析技术应用实例(六)——发光分析与肿瘤研究

微弱发光分析技术已经用于肿瘤学研究,骨肿瘤病人和正常人的血液和尿液的发光强度使用ＢＰＣＬ型微弱发光测量仪进行了测量,结果指出,骨肿瘤病人血液和尿液的发光强度高于正常人（Ｐ〈０．０５）,骨肿瘤病人尿液的发光强度在手术之后明显降低（Ｐ〈０．０５）。裸鼠血液和各种脏器的微弱发光测量结果表明,荷瘤之后,各个脏器的发光强度显著增加。     

生物中的超微弱发光

超微弱发光是所有生物都具有的一种普遍现象,发光强度极其微弱,量子效率也很低,波长范围广,自１９２３年发现超微弱发光以来,各国科学家做了大量的研究,对机理进行探讨,目眼微弱发光的柚是依然不很清楚。生物超微弱发光在许多领域得到广泛的应用,由超微弱发光研究发展为的发光检测技术快速,简便,而且不会对组织材料造成损伤。本语文就生物超微弱发光机理及应用研究进行了综述。     

生物超微弱发光在医疗领域的应用研究

随着生物超微弱发光检测技术的发展,越来越多的学者将该技术应用于医疗领域方面的研究。本文通过分析、总结,发现生物超微弱发光在现代医学中不仅能够协助疾病诊断、评估人体皮肤状态,还能应用于针灸、中药药性、中医证型的医疗当中。此外,本文还引入了除光子强度外的其他参数[Q值、压缩状态参数(SSI)和Fano因子],并对情绪、运动、死亡过程的生物超微弱发光变化也进行了总结。生物超微弱发光在医疗领域应用广泛,实用性强。本文对其进行综述,以期对人体超微弱发光有更详细的了解,展示生物超微弱发光在医疗领域的发展潜力。     

微生物学的发光仪器

生物发光和化学发光的仪器已有很多应用.这里,我们坚持使用“发光仪”这个词来命名这类仪器,虽然也有人偶尔用辐射仪或光度计等其他名称.这里“发光”一词仅包括生物发光和化学发光,不包括荧光、磷光等等.有好几家公司生产发光仪,本文结尾罗列了这些仪器.而所使用的非商品发光仪不在此列,因此论述将集中在适于工业化生产的发光仪的设计原则.当把生物和化学发光与微生物学联系在一起,人们习惯上会想到生物发光的ATP技术.可是近年来,免疫分析和DNA探针方法也在使用生物及化学发光标记.这些分析技     

口红吊兰衰老过程中整体与部分被遮挡叶片超微弱发光比较

以口红吊兰叶片为试材,用生物超微弱发光探测技术研究衰老过程中整体叶片与部分被遮挡叶片延迟发光的变化.结果表明:光照整体叶片与光照部分叶片延迟发光的曲线平行,而整体叶片与被遮挡部分叶片延迟发光的规律不同;幼叶与老叶整体延迟发光衰减快,被遮挡部分延迟发光衰减慢;成熟叶片整体延迟发光衰减慢,而被遮挡部分的延迟发光衰减快.研究认为:在同一外部条件下,整体叶片与被遮挡部分叶片延迟发光变化规律不同,植物叶片的这种发光现象可能在生物系统内部有自己独特的规律.     

微弱发光分析技术应用实例(五)

多数生物系统存在低水平化学发光,这种化学发光与生物体内的生理反应有关.生活在水和空气中的生物体受到各种污染因素危害必定引起生理变化,从而引起这种低水平化学发光的改变.利用这种现象,将某些生物体作为生物探测器,应用微弱发光分析技术可以检测水体和大气的污染程度.     

Increased ultra weak chemiluminescence emission from rat heart at postischemic reoxygenation: protective role of vitamin E

Aim of this study was to confirm an increased free radical generation rate during ischemia-reoxygenation, by ultra-weak chemiluminescence detection at the surface of perfused rat heart. We observed that reoxygenation following 30 min global ischemia, induces an increase of ultraweak chemiluminescence emission in isolated perfused heart only if partial depletion of vitamin E is induced by dietary manipulation. Moreover, in normal diet fed rats, vitamin E is partially consumed during global ischemia, but not during reoxygenation. Since chemiluminescence increases during post-ischemic reperfusion, when vitamin E myocardial content is lowered, the most probable free radicals involved are the hydroperoxyl radical derivatives of lipids. These radicals, indeed, are known both to produce photoemission by disproportion and to react with vitamin E. On the other hand, the nature of the reaction that consumes vitamin E during ischemia is still obscure. Accordingly, the basal level of vitamin E myocardial content seems to be a key factor for protecting the heart against reoxygenation injury and its consumption during ischemia could be a determinant of myocardial sensitivity to oxidative stress during reperfusion.     

Linoleic acid-induced ultra-weak photon emission from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a tool for monitoring of lipid peroxidation in the cell membranes

Reactive oxygen species formed as a response to various abiotic and biotic stresses cause an oxidative damage of cellular component such are lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Lipid peroxidation is considered as one of the major processes responsible for the oxidative damage of the polyunsaturated fatty acid in the cell membranes. Various methods such as a loss of polyunsaturated fatty acids, amount of the primary and the secondary products are used to monitor the level of lipid peroxidation. To investigate the use of ultra-weak photon emission as a non-invasive tool for monitoring of lipid peroxidation, the involvement of lipid peroxidation in ultra-weak photon emission was studied in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Lipid peroxidation initiated by addition of exogenous linoleic acid to the cells was monitored by ultra-weak photon emission measured with the employment of highly sensitive charged couple device camera and photomultiplier tube. It was found that the addition of linoleic acid to the cells significantly increased the ultra-weak photon emission that correlates with the accumulation of lipid peroxidation product as measured using thiobarbituric acid assay. Scavenging of hydroxyl radical by mannitol, inhibition of intrinsic lipoxygenase by catechol and removal of molecular oxygen considerably suppressed ultra-weak photon emission measured after the addition of linoleic acid. The photon emission dominated at the red region of the spectrum with emission maximum at 680 nm. These observations reveal that the oxidation of linoleic acid by hydroxyl radical and intrinsic lipoxygenase results in the ultra-weak photon emission. Electronically excited species such as excited triplet carbonyls are the likely candidates for the primary excited species formed during the lipid peroxidation, whereas chlorophylls are the final emitters of photons. We propose here that the ultra-weak photon emission can be used as a non-invasive tool for the detection of lipid peroxidation in the cell membranes.     

绿豆芽超微弱发光的二维图像探测

采用微通道板像增强研制了一种能探测极弱光图像的超高灵敏度光电探测系统,能够探测到０．５Ｐｈｏｔｏｎｓ／ｍｍ２·ｓ（阴极灵敏度）的极弱发光图像,是目前弱光图像探测器中灵敏度最高的。应用上述的光电探测系统,进行了绿豆芽超微弱发光二维图像探测的研究,首次得到了以下结论：１．绿豆发芽时存在超微弱发光现象,发光强度在１０４－１０５Ｐｈｏｔｏｎｓ／ｓ·ｃｍ２的范围内;２．子叶和幼叶的发光高于幼茎的发光;３．在避先保持１０分钟豆芽发光衰减至稳定后,绿豆芽仍能维持一定的发光。上述结论为超微弱发光现象的生物学理论研究和医学及环境保护中的应用提供了实验依据。     

On-line preparation of peroxymonocarbonate and its application for the study of energy transfer chemiluminescence to lanthanide inorganic coordinate complexes.

It has been shown that peroxymonocarbonate ion (HCO(4) (-)) is a potent oxidant. In this study, a flow-injection system was developed in order to prepare on-line HCO(4) (-) ion and the optimum conditions for the on-line preparation of HCO(4) (-) were studied in detail. We used 99% (13)C-enriched NaHCO(3) to examine peroxymonocarbonate by (13)C-NMR at 25 degrees C. An ultra-weak chemiluminescence (CL) was observed after mixing H(2)O(2) and sodium bicarbonate in an organic co-solvent that can accelerate the formation of HCO(4) (-) ion. When lanthanide inorganic coordinate complex, Eu(II)-EDTA, was added into this HCO(4) (-) system, the CL intensity was significantly enhanced. The CL mechanism was investigated by various methods. The experimental results indicate that peroxymonocarbonate oxidizes Eu(II) to Eu(III) and produces singlet oxygen; meanwhile, the energy originating from dimers of singlet oxygen is accepted by the Eu(III)-EDTA(-) complex. The excited Eu(III) ions undergo radiative deactivation and emit CL.     

单分子免疫检测技术研究进展*

早诊断、早发现、早治疗是提升肿瘤患者生存率的主要手段。临床常用的免疫学检测方法如酶联免疫吸附法、化学发光法等,其检测灵敏度多限制在10^-14~10^-12 mol/L,无法满足早期诊断的需求。单分子免疫检测法,可将待检测分子限制在极小空间范围内(nL以下),对检测信号进行绝对计数,从而实现痕量(可达10^-18 mol/L)标志物的检测。这一超高灵敏度技术实现的关键在于将检测范围限制在极小体积内。经过数十年发展,不论是物理隔离还是利用纳米孔,抑或通过改进显微镜性能,均可在极小体积内(10^-21 L)对信号进行检测。目前基于微阵列的SimoA检测系统已成为单分子免疫检测的金标准,Quanterix公司基于此开发的HD-1分析仪已进入市场应用。基于微液滴的单分子免疫检测技术主要限于实验室,但具有床旁检测的优势。重点介绍了基于物理隔离形式如微阵列和微液滴的单分子免疫检测进展,为进一步开发超高灵敏度检测方法并促进未来临床应用提供理论基础。