联合PBL和TBL教学法在胸外科临床实习教学中的应用研究

目的:通过实践教学、问卷调查和闭卷考试等方法探索以问题为中心教学法(PBL)与以小组为中心教学法(TBL)应用于胸外科临床实习教学的效果。方法:组织2013年2月至2014年2月期间在第四军医大学唐都医院实习的五年制临床医学专业学生共180人,其中教学改革组与传统教学组各90人,将所有学生随机分为12批,每批15人,每批学生的性别及入学成绩均无统计学差异,所有学生分批到胸腔外科实习。在学习结束时,采用不记名问卷调查和闭卷考试的形式,进行临床思维能力和教学效果的评价。结果:结果显示教学改革组的临床思维能力优于传统教学组,且教学改革组的教学效果也更受支持。结论:采用联合PBL和TBL的双轨教学法有助于提高学生的临床思维能力,可有效提高学习效果。     

Using Team-Based Learning to Teach Grade 7 Biology: Student satisfaction and improved performance

Team-based learning (TBL) is an innovative form of collaborative learning. The purpose of this study was to evaluate TBL’s effect on the performance and satisfaction of grade 7 students in biology in a private school in Lebanon, as well as teachers’ willingness to implement this new methodology. An exploratory study was performed whereby two biology units were taught to two groups of students using either TBL (60 students) or traditional lecture-based instruction (30 students). Later, a summative test was administered to evaluate students’ performance. Students’ attitudes were evaluated using a questionnaire and teachers’ classroom observations. Finally, science teachers’ willingness to try TBL in their classes was assessed using a questionnaire (14 teachers). Results showed that underachievers taught according to TBL did better than underachievers taught with the lecture-based approach. The majority of students enjoyed TBL and found it useful and fun. Finally, science teachers agreed that TBL is a good alternative to the traditional lecture-based method.     

Near-Peer Teaching in a Required Third-Year Clerkship

Students who teach less experienced students within the same educational program are known as near-peer teachers. A number of studies have shown that near-peers are effective teachers in preclinical courses such as anatomy and physical examination. We hypothesized that near-peers could also be effective teachers in a clinical clerkship. We report on a pilot study in which near-peers participated in a training session and then taught a brief problem-focused skills curriculum to third-year students during a required ambulatory medicine rotation. The clerkship students assigned high ratings to the near-peer teachers, both on an absolute scale and relative to faculty. The results suggest that including near-peers as teachers in a clinical clerkship may be appropriate and that this concept deserves further investigation.