粉蚧科一新属一新种(半翅目,蚧总科)

记述粉蚧科1新属1新种,即拟锯粉蚧属Paraserrolecanium gen.nov.及其模式种箭竹拟锯粉蚧P.fargesii sp.nov.。新种模式标本采自陕西省凤县天台山一种箭竹Fargesia sp.叶鞘下茎上,保存在北京林业大学昆虫标本室。     

高桥仁蚧线粒体全基因组测序与分析

【目的】测定和分析半翅目(Hemiptera)仁蚧科(Aclerdidae)首个线粒体全基因组——高桥仁蚧Aclerda takahashii线粒体全基因组序列,并探讨与其他蚧虫类群的系统发育关系。【方法】基于Illumina测序技术进行高桥仁蚧线粒体全基因组测序,并进行生物信息学分析;基于已报道的15科31种半翅目昆虫的线粒体全基因组序列运用最大似然法(ML)和贝叶斯推断法(BI)构建半翅目系统发育树。【结果】高桥仁蚧线粒体基因组全长16 599 bp, AT含量高达84.51%。在该线粒体基因组中,缩减tRNA非常普遍, 10个tRNA缺失二氢尿嘧啶(DHU)臂或TΨC臂, tRNAser(S1)和tRNAser(S2)缺失DHU臂和TΨC臂。系统发育树显示, 与仁蚧科亲缘关系最近的是蚧科(Coccidae)。【结论】本研究报道了首个仁蚧科的线粒体基因组, 发现在高桥仁蚧线粒体基因组中存在普遍的tRNA缺臂现象, 为进一步系统地研究蚧虫线粒体基因组提供了数据支持。     

芦苇日仁蚧生活习性的初步研究

<正> 芦苇日仁蚧 Nipponaderda biwakoensis(Kuwana)属同翅目仁蚧科,是微山湖芦苇上的一种重要害虫,虫株率达100％。一般每株有虫几百头,多者达千头以上。若虫和雌成虫均刺吸芦苇汁液,致使芦苇长势衰弱,叶片枯黄早落,茎壁变薄,茎秆变黑,影响产量,降低品质。1983—1984年对此虫进行了初步观察,现整理如下。     

美盾蚧属一新种记述（同翅目：蚧总科：盾蚧科）

记述美盾蚧属Formosaspis1新种：王朗美盾蚧F.wanglangensis,sp.nov.,模式标本采自四川省平武县王朗自然保护区的箭竹（hyllostachys bambusoides Sieb et Zacc）竹杆和分枝上。鉴别特征是雌成虫臀板背面有8个高度骨化的硬疤,围阴腺5群,每群数量远远多于同属其它种。二龄若虫的中臀叶与第3臀叶之间有缘管腺2对,第3臀叶的上侧有缘管腺3枚。     

宁夏粉蚧科昆虫研究（半翅目：蚧总科）

记述宁夏同族自治区粉蚧科Pseudococcidae昆虫24属41种,其中包括2新种:宁夏草粉蚧Fonscolombia ningxiana,sp.nov.和冰草长粉蚧Longicoccus agropyri.sp.nov.;2中国新记录种:多管刺粉蚧spinococcus multitubulatus(Danzig,1980)和孤独条粉蚧Trionymus singularis Schmutterer,1952:1新组合:赖草长粉蚧Longicoccus leymicola(Tang,1992),comb.n.(移自少粉蚧属Mirococcus Borchsenius);Puto jarudensis Tang(1992)为Ceroputopilosellae Sulc.1898的新异名.模式标本保存在山西农业大学蚧虫研究中心.     

中国食蚧瓢虫名录

食蚧瓢虫在蚧虫生物防治中具有很重要的作用.根据食性可分为专性食蚧瓢虫和兼性食蚧瓢虫.本文记录了我国食蚧瓢虫8亚科26属65种,其中澳洲瓢虫和孟氏隐唇瓢虫为国外引进种.     

中国蚁粉蚧属的初步研究（同翅目：蚧总科：粉蚧科）

记述我国蚁粉蚧属一新种：杨凌蚁粉蚧Formicococcus yanglingensis sp.nov.,建立一新组合;天麻蚁粉蚧F.gasteris(Wang,1982)comb.nov.(移自簇粉蚧属Paraputo Liang),并将F.gastrodiae Tang(1992)作为该种的异名处理。此外,还编制了蚁粉蚧属中国种类分种检索表。新种模式标本保存在南开大学生物系昆虫标本室。     

竹链蚧属一新种记述（同翅目：蚧总科，链蚧科）

本记述采自安徽歙县箸竹Indocalamus sp.上的链蚧属Bambusasis的一新种,凸腺竹链蚧Bambusasis prolrusus,sp.nov.     

菠萝粉蚧和新菠萝灰粉蚧溴甲烷熏蒸处理研究

菠萝粉蚧Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell)和新菠萝灰粉蚧Dysmicoccus neobrevipes(Beardsley)是菠萝等热带水果上的重要害虫,均属我国进出境水果贸易中需要检疫处理的对象.为了建立两种粉蚧有效的除害处理方法,本文测定了溴甲烷熏蒸2h对两种粉蚧各虫龄的致死毒力.结果表明,两种粉蚧对溴甲烷具有相似的毒力反应,1龄若虫的耐药性明显低于其它各虫龄.菠萝粉蚧LC99最大值在19.4℃和28.8℃下均为3龄若虫,分别为30.32 g/m3和18.17 g/n3;新菠萝灰粉蚧LC99最大值在19.2℃和29.4C下分别为3龄若虫和成虫,分别为29.19 g/m3和18.41 g/m3.确认实验表明,在25℃下,采用熏蒸剂量25 g/m3,在19℃下采用40 g/m3熏蒸2h可以使菠萝粉蚧和新菠萝灰粉蚧达到安全检疫处理要求.     

中国大球蚧属四新记录种

大球蚧属Eulecanium Cockerell 1893,此前我国记述有8种,即:格纹白球蚧Eulecaniumalbodermis Chen 1962、桤木裸蚧Eulecanium alnicola Chen 1962、刺槐球坚蚧Eulecanium circumfluumBorchs.1955、瘤大球坚蚧Eulecanium gigantea(Shinji,1935)、昆明球坚蚧Eulecanium kunmingiFerris 1950、日本球坚蚧Eulecanium kunoensis(Kuwana,1907)、桑名球坚蚧Eulecanium kuwanaiKanda 1934和黑带球坚蚧Eulecanium nigrivitta Borchs.1959。但其中桑名球坚蚧E.kuwanai,根据原     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.