HS-SPME-GC/MS对比分析四棱豆叶和花中挥发性成分研究

首次采用顶空固相微萃取四棱豆叶和花挥发性成分,气相色谱-质谱联用技术检测其成分,面积归一化法计算各成分的相对含量,并进行比较分析。结果显示,从四棱豆叶挥发油中鉴定出32个化学成分,占挥发油总量的65.60%,其主要成分为十七烷(5.75%)、2-甲基-十六烷(5.29%)、姥鲛烷(5.05%)、3-甲基-十六烷(4.26%)、棕榈酸(3.76%)、2-溴-十二烷(3.14%)、六氢法尼基丙酮(2.95%)、二氢猕猴桃内酯(2.89%)和肉豆蔻醚(2.59%)等,主要由烷烃类(38.25%)、酮类(8.49%)、酸类(3.76%)、酯类(6.76%)和醚类(3.51%)组成;四棱豆花中共鉴定出33个化学成分,占挥发油总量的76.91%,其主要成分为棕榈酸(11.42%)、六氢法尼基丙酮(10.77%)、十七烷(4.79%)、十六烷(4.69%)、肉豆蔻醚(3.88%)、姥鲛烷(3.42%)、2-溴-十二烷(3.10%)、3-甲基-十六烷(2.97%)、油酸(2.50%)和己酸(2.43%),主要由烷烃类(29.42%)、酮类(13.29%)、酸类(19.51%)、酯类(5.89%)和醚类(4.71%)组成。两者共有成分23个,种类与种数存在一定差异,且其相对含量也存在明显差异,这些成分赋予了肉豆蔻花和叶药理作用的差别。     

黄花补血草挥发性化学成分研究

为了研究黄花补血草挥发油的化学成分,本文采用了水蒸气蒸馏法从黄花补血草中提取挥发油,并用GC-MS法采用最佳分析条件对化学成分进行鉴定,用峰面积归一化法测定各化合物在挥发油中的相对百分含量;通过研究,鉴定出70种化合物,其峰面积相对含量约占挥发油总量82.12%。黄花补血草挥发油的主要组分为2-硝基乙醇(59.63%)、正二十四烷(3.71%)、二苯胺(2.31%)、6,10,14-三甲基-2-十五烷酮(1.79%)、正二十一烷(1.57%)、丙二醇(1.40%)等。     

GC-MS法分析曼陀罗挥发油的化学成分

用水蒸气蒸馏法从曼陀罗中提取挥发油,并用气相色谱/质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对挥发油的化学成分进行分离鉴定,用气相色谱峰面积归一化法确定各组分的相对含量.结果从曼陀罗挥发油中鉴定出58种化合物,占总挥发油量的92.37%.其中主要成分为5,6-二氢-6-戊基-2H-吡喃-2-酮(44.29%)、二苯胺(12.50%)、四十四烷(10.41%)、二十烷(4.19%)、(E)-3-己烯-1-醇(2.38%)、3,7,11,15-四甲基-2-十六碳烯-1-醇(2.28%)等.     

红豆树叶挥发油化学成分及其抗氧化和抑菌活性研究

为探究红豆树叶挥发油的化学组成及其生物活性,本研究首次采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取红豆树叶挥发油,并通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析其化学成分,结合DPPH和ABTS法及抑菌圈法,评价其体外抗氧化和抑菌活性。结果表明,从红豆树叶挥发油中共检测出化合物36个,占挥发油总量的90.50%;挥发油主要成分为1,4-二十烷二烯(25.72%)、1,19-二十烷二烯(10.85%)、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚(10.14%)、邻苯二甲酸正丁基异丁基酯(9.75%)、(Z,Z)-6,9-二十烷二烯(7.60%)、(E,E)-α-金合欢烯(7.51%)、叶醇(4.74%)和2-异丙烯基-5-甲基-6-庚烯-1-醇(4.04%)。红豆树叶挥发油对DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基清除作用的半数有效量(ED₅₀)分别为0.27、0.14 mg/mL,且抗氧化活性与挥发油浓度呈量效相关。红豆树叶挥发油浓度为7.1 mg/mL时,其对枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、绿脓杆菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)和大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)的抑菌圈分别为11.29、9.88、10.85和11.03 mm。本研究为红豆树叶资源的综合开发利用提供了理论基础。     

蝴蝶果茎挥发油的化学成分

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法从大戟科蝴蝶果茎中提取挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对挥发油化学成分进行分析。分离出36个峰,鉴定出35种化合物,占总油量的98.34%,并应用面积归一化法测定各成分的相对百分含量。其主要成分为十六烷酸乙酯(13.19%)、正十六烷酸(11.11%)、十八碳烯酸乙酯(6.18%)、正十八烷(4.98%)、(Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸(4.90%)及十八碳二烯酸乙酯(4.21%)。     

新疆有毒植物骆驼蓬挥发油的化学成分测定

目的:研究骆驼蓬挥发油的化学成分.方法:利用水蒸气蒸馏法提取了新疆骆驼蓬挥发油,测的含量为0.04%.采用GC/MS技术对骆驼蓬的挥发油成分进行分离鉴定.结果:分离出18种成分确认其中17种成分.用峰面积归一化法确定了各成分的相对含量,其中主要成分为四氯乙烯(29.87%)、十二烷(16.44%)、十一烷(12.34%)、二(2-甲基丙基)邻苯二甲酸酯(9.09%)、1,3-二甲苯(7.57%)、乙苯(5.84%)1,2-二甲苯(2.81%).结论:四氯乙烯含量最高,通过分析评价为开发骆驼蓬农药提供科学依据.     

蝴蝶果根、果仁挥发油化学成分的研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法从大戟科蝴蝶果的根和果仁中提取挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对挥发油化学成分进行分析,并应用面积归一化法测定各成分的相对百分含量。从根中鉴定出23种化合物,占总油量的100%,其主要成分为十六烷酸(18.74%)、(Z,Z)9,12-十八碳二烯酸(12.81%)、1,2-苯二羧酸双(2-甲基丙基)酯(10.59%)、二丁基邻苯二甲酸酯(7.42%)及二十四烷(6.72%)。从果仁中鉴定出17种化合物,占总油量的100%,主要成分为(E-)-9-十八碳烯酸(23.15%)、正十六烷酸(21.20%)、(Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸(19.26%)及3-甲基十七烷(6.80%)。     

华西银腊梅挥发油化学成分的研究

用水蒸气蒸馏法提取华西银腊梅挥发油,并用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术对其挥发油的化学成分进行分析,结果共鉴定了其中的39种成分,所鉴定成分含量约占总检出量的87.83%。其化学成分主要为(Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸甲酯(9.00%),壬醛(5.83%),二十一烷(5.69%),二十烷(5.08%),辛炔酸(4.50%),2,6,10,15-四甲基十七烷(3.93%),(Z)-6-十八烯酸甲酯(3.65%),3,8-二甲基十一烷(3.52%),1-十六碳炔(3.31%),肉豆蔻酸(2.86%),月桂醛(2.81%),壬酸(2.23%),5,6,7,7α-四氢-4,4,7α三甲基-2(4H)-苯并呋喃酮(2.18%)等。     

蝴蝶果花、叶挥发油的化学成分

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法从大戟科蝴蝶果花、叶中提取挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对挥发油化学成分进行分析,并应用面积归一化法测定各成分的相对百分含量。从花中鉴定出10种化合物,占总油量的96.90%,其主要成分为十六烷酸(59.89%)、(Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸(13.82%)、(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-十八碳三烯-1-醇(6.58%)及双(2-乙基)邻苯二甲酸酯(5.59%)。从叶中鉴定出10种化合物,占总油量的45.26%,主要成分为邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(19.64%)、二丁基羟基甲苯(10.58%)、十六烷酸(3.70%)及苯甲酸(3.46%)。     

滇黔金腰、大叶金腰和锈毛金腰挥发油的化学成分

从贵州省宽阔水自然保护区采集滇黔金腰、大叶金腰和锈毛金腰,采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取挥发油,用气相色谱—质谱联用技术对挥发油化学成分进行分析,共鉴定出85种成分,主要为十六烷酸、烷烃类、肉豆蔻酸和叶绿醇等化合物。其中,在滇黔金腰中共鉴定出48种化学成分,主要有十六烷酸(10.29%)和月桂酸(7.54%)等;在大叶金腰中共鉴定出50种化学成分,主要有邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己)酯(10.91%)和二十七烷(7.29%)等;在锈毛金腰中共鉴定出58种化学成分,主要有十六烷酸(12.66%)和三十二烷(8.15%)等。不同种金腰属植物挥发油的主要成分种类比较接近,但各自挥发油化合物组成又都含有其特有化学成分。     

Composition of the essential oil from the lemon balm growing in the neighborhood of Krasnoyarsk as indicated by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry data

Essential oil has been isolated from the above-ground part of the lemon balm growing in the neighborhood of Krasnoyarsk by the method of exhaustive water and steam distillation. Forty seven components, each with a content of more than 0.1% of whole oil, have been identified by GC-MS. The main oil components are citronellol (36.71%) and geraniol (27.20%). The oil also contains ten components with a content of more than 1% of the sum of all oil components: benzyl alcohol (1.67%), linalool (1.75%), citronellal (1.44%), neral (3.33%), geranial (4.39%), caryophyllene (3.73%), caryophyllene oxide (1.40%), dibutyl phthalate (1.36%), butylisobutyl ester of phthalic acid (2.45%), and phytol (2.55%). The composition of lemon balm oils from different regions of the world has been compared.     

Chemical composition of the fixed and volatile oils of Nigella sativa L. from Iran

The chemical composition of the extracted fixed oil (total fatty acid composition) and volatile oil of Nigella sativa L. seeds grown in Iran were determined by GC and GC/MS. Eight fatty acids (99.5%) and thirty-two compounds (86.7%) have been identified in the fixed and volatile oils, respectively. The main fatty acids of the fixed oil were linoleic acid (55.6%), oleic acid (23.4%), and palmitic acid (12.5%). The major compounds of the volatile oil were trans-anethole (38.3%), p-cymene (14.8%), limonene (4.3%), and carvone (4.0%).     

Volatile constituents of the flower and fruit oils of Pittosporum tobira (Thunb.) Ait. grown in Iran

The volatile components of the flower and fruit oils from Pittosporum tobira (Thunb.) Ait. grown in Iran, obtained through hydrodistillation, were analyzed by GC/MS. Sixteen compounds (representing 90.7% of the oil) and seventeen constituents (representing 89.9% of the oil) were identified in the flower and fruit oils, respectively. While the flower oil contained a-pinene (38.6%), n-nonane (11.8%), (E)-nerolidol (9.0%) and (E)-beta-ocimene (7.7%), the fruit oil contained a-pinene (30.2%), n-nonane (12.2%), germacrene-D (12.0%), a-cubebene (7.6%) and beta-cubebene (5.1%) as the main compounds.     

扁桃叶挥发油化学成分的研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取,运用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS),首次对扁桃叶挥发油的化学成分进行分析,并用气相色谱面积归一化法测定各成分的相对百分含量.共鉴定出其中的38种化合物,占挥发油总量的94.52%,其主要成分为:大根香叶烯(18.33%),喇叭醇(9.46%),石竹烯(9.04%),δ-杜松烯(5.73%),...     

The steam volatile oil of Wollemia nobilis and its comparison with other members of the Araucariaceae (Agathis and Araucaria)

The leaf essential oil of Wollemia nobilis (Wollemi Pine) has been investigated and compared with other members of the family Araucariaceae. All araucaroids examined yielded steam volatile oils in low yields. The oil from Wollemia nobilis was composed mainly of (+)-16-kaurene (60%), together with alpha-pinene (9%) and germacrene-D (8%). Oils from Agathis species endemic to Australia were high in monoterpenes, in contrast to those isolated from extra-Australian species. The major constituents of A. atropurpurea oil were phyllocladene (13%) and 16-kaurene (19%), followed by alpha-pinene (8%) and delta-cadinene (9%). A. microstachya yielded oil in which alpha-pinene (18%) was the major component; the only other components in excess of 5% were myrcene (7%), bicyclogermacrene (6%) and delta-cadinene (6%). A. robusta oil contained spathulenol (37%) and rimuene (6%). Approximately 40% of the oil was unidentified sesquiterpenes. A. australis oil contained 16-kaurene (37%), sclarene (5%) and an unidentified oxygenated diterpene K (12%) as major components; the only other compound in excess of 5% was germacrene-D (9%). 5,15-Rosadiene (60%), and 16-kaurene (7%) were the major constituents of A. macrophylla oil. A. moorei oil was rich in sesquiterpenes, but the only compounds in excess of 5% were allo-aromadendrene (6%), germacrene-D, delta-cadinene (10%), an unidentified sesquiterpene (12%) and 16-kaurene (6%). In A. ovata oil the most significant compounds were caryophyllene oxide (15%) and phyllocladene (39%). Araucaria angustifolia contained germacrene-D (9%) and the diterpenes hibaene (30%) and phyllocladene (20%) as major components of its essential oil. Oils of A. bidwillii, A. columnaris and A. cunninghamii were all low in mono- and sesquiterpenes and high in diterpenes. In the first, hibaene (76%) was the major constituent; the second contained hibaene (9%), sclarene (6%), luxuriadiene (13-epi-dolabradiene)(23%) and two unidentified diterpene hydrocarbons (B) (33%) and (E) (10%). In the last, 16-kaurene (53%) was the most significant component followed by hibaene (29%). A. heterophylla was unusual in that over half the oil was made up of the monoterpenoid alpha-pinene (52%), with phyllocladene (32%) being the only other compound of significance. alpha-Pinene (18%) was a significant component of A. hunsteinii oil; sclarene (11%) and germacrene-D (5%) were the only other compounds present in concentrations of more than 5%. A. luxurians oil was composed of 5,15-rosadiene (20%) and luxuriadiene (13-epi-dolabradiene) (66%), previously unreported from natural sources. The major components of A. montana were phyllocladene (61%) and 16-kaurene (23%). Sclarene (20%), luxuriadiene (19%) and the unidentified diterpene hydrocarbons (B) (25%) and (E) (10%) were the most important constituents of A. muelleri oil. A. scopulorum contained large amounts of 16-alpha-phyllocladanol (41%) as well as luxuridiene (10%) and delta-cadinene and alpha-copaene, both at 6%.     

Chemical variability of the wood essential oil of Cedrus atlantica Manetti from Corsica

The composition of 48 samples of essential oil isolated from the wood of Cedrus atlantica growing in Corsica was investigated by GC (in combination with retention indices), GC/MS, and (13) C-NMR. Twenty-three compounds accounting for 73.9-96.0% of the oil composition were identified. The oils consisted mainly of monoterpene hydrocarbons and sesquiterpenes, in particular α-pinene (5; up to 79.4%), himachalol (4; up to 66.2%), β-pinene (up to 21.4%), β-himachalene (2; up to 19.3%), γ-himachalene (3; up to 11.0%), and α-himachalene (1; up to 10.9%). The 48 oil compositions were submitted to k-means partitioning and principal-component analysis, which allowed the distinction of two groups within the oil samples. The composition of Group I (44% of the samples) was dominated by 5, while the samples of Group II (56% of the samples) contained mainly 4.     

Analysis of the essential oil from the roots of Eupatorium cannabinum subsp. corsicum (L.) by GC, GC-MS and 13C-NMR

Eupatorium cannabinum subsp. corsicum (L.) is an endemic subspecies from the island of Corsica. The essential oil from the roots of this aromatic plant has been studied by GC, GC-MS and by 13C-NMR. In contrast to the essential oil from the aerial parts, which is dominated by hydrocarbon compounds (76.9%) and particularly by sesquiterpene components (43.3%), the essential oil from the roots was characterized by a high content of oxygenated compounds (61.0%), particularly oxygenated monoterpenes (54.0%). In the root oil, 106 components were identified representing 96.1% of the total amount. This oil was dominated by the monoterpenes esters (33%), the major components of which were neryl isobutyrate (17.6%), thymyl methyl oxide (15.1%), delta-2-carene (14.5%) and beta-pinene (5.7%). Aromatic esters, nerol derivatives (esters and diesters) and a benzofuran were investigated by GC-MS using different ionization modes including electron impact ionization, and positive- and negative-chemical ionization. These components have not previously been reported in the essential oil of aerial parts of E. cannabinum from Corsica island.     

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Cacalia tangutica (Maxim.) Hand.-Mazz

Essential oil of the subterranean part of Cacalia tangutica (Maxim.) Hand.-Mazz was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrum (MS) tech-nique in two different capillary columns of different polar-ities. Thirty-one components were identified in the oil and the main compounds were a-zingiberene (13.49%), germa-crene D (10.76%), a-pinene (8.54%), caryophyllene(Z-) (6.36%), linalool (6.16%), β-myrcene (4.89%),β-ocimene (Z-) (4.40%)and ocimenone(Z-) (3.58%). The antimicro-bial activity of the oil was evaluated against 2 fungi and 12 bacteria including 6 clinically isolated strains using the agar disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The results show that the oil presented a broad antimicro-bial spectrum and had better antimicrobial activity against yeast and gram-positive bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration values were 0.16-5.00 g/L and minimum bactericidal concentration values were 0.16-5.00 g/L.     

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Scutellaria barbata

The essential oil of Scutellaria barbata was obtained by hydrodistillation with a 0.3% (v/w) yield and analysed by GC and GC-MS. The main compounds in the oil were hexahydrofarnesylacetone (11.0%), 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol (7.8%), menthol (7.7%) and 1-octen-3-ol (7.1%). The antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated against 17 microorganisms using disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphlococcus aureus, were more sensitive to the oil than gram-negative bacteria and yeasts.     

乌榄叶挥发油化学成分分析

采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)方法首次对乌榄叶挥发油成分进行了测试分析,并应用色谱峰面积归一化法计算各成分的相对含量。分离出19个峰,确认了19种化合物,所鉴定的组分占挥发油总量的100%,主要成分是石竹烯(33.47)、α-蒎烯(18.03%)、d-柠檬烯(16.82%)、α-侧柏烯(11.74%)和α-水芹烯(6.51%)。