崇安地蜥的再发现及其分布范围的扩大

崇安地蜥(Platyplacopus sylvaticus)属蜥蜴亚目,蜥蜴科,地蜥属,系C.H.Pope 1926年4～9月在我国福建省崇安县挂墩采到,并于1928年发表的新种,仅5号标本,均存于美国自然历史博物馆,此后再无采集报道［1］.     

广东省蜥蜴类一新记录——北草蜥

2001年5月,笔者在广东省乳源瑶族自治县大桥镇进行蜥蜴类动物调查时捕捉到8条活体蜥蜴标本,经鉴定为蜥蜴蝌草蜥属北草蜥(Takydromus septentronalis),是广东省爬行动物蜥蜴类的新记录,标本现保存于韶关学院英东生物工程学院动物标本室.现报道如下.     

丽斑麻蜥

丽斑麻蜥(Eremias argus)是我国长江以北最为常见的一种小型蜥蜴,俗名麻蛇子。根据我们多年的研究并参考有关资料,对它们的生物学和生态学特性作综合介绍以供参考。分类和分布丽斑麻蜥属蜥蜴目、蜥蜴科、麻蜥属。迄今为止,全世界已发现的麻蜥有50种左右,我国现知9种,其中以丽斑麻蜥最为常见。该种的模式标本采于山东烟台。近年有人将分布于我国的丽斑麻蜥分为二个亚种,即指名亚种(E.a.argus)和北方亚种(E.a.barbouri)。前者分布于江苏、安徽、山东、河南和河北南部;后者则分布在辽宁、吉林、黑龙江、山西、陕西、内蒙古、宁夏、甘肃、青海…     

安徽潜山古新世蜥蜴化石的分类学厘定（英文）

相对于中国和蒙古晚白垩世较知名的蜥蜴动物群,该地区古新世蜥蜴的研究非常有限。安徽潜山盆地曾报道了古新统望虎墩组和痘母组中的6种蜥蜴:中国飞蜥(Agama sinensis Hou,1974),淮南安徽蜥(Anhuisaurus huainanensis Hou,1974),短头安庆蜥(Anqingosaurus brevicephalus Hou,1976),华南长江蜥(Changjiangosaurus huananensis Hou,1976),黄铺潜山蜥(Qianshanosaurus huangpuensis Hou,1974)和痘母响蜥(Tinosaurus doumuensis Hou,1974),但化石材料均较破碎。本文使用CT扫描技术,在最新的有鳞类分类框架下对这些属种进行了重新研究,修订了上述属种的形态学特征及其分类位置。潜山盆地古新世蜥蜴动物群具有比原认为更高的形态学和生态学分异度,如巨蜥类材料(IVPP V22767)的发现和对安庆蜥可能为穴居型的新解释。     

广西爬行类新纪录——长肢滑蜥

正2014年6月,笔者在广西西北部喀斯特石山区的凌云县(106.661°E,24.195°N,海拔384 m)考察时采集到1号蜥蜴标本(图1),该标本(GXLK356)存放于广西壮族自治区林业勘测设计院动物标本室。经鉴定为长肢滑蜥Scincella doriae,属广西新纪录种(张玉霞,2009;周放等,2011)。长肢滑蜥隶属于有鳞目Squamata蜥蜴亚目Lacertilia石龙子科Scincidae滑蜥属Scincella     

荒漠麻蜥的染色体核型观察

采用常规骨髓细胞制片法,对采自甘肃省民勤县的荒漠麻蜥Eremias przewalskii染色体核型进行分析。荒漠麻蜥染色体核型为2n=38=36I+2m,具18对大型端部着丝粒型和1对微小染色体,属丽斑麻蜥型,与蜥蜴科和麻蜥属的染色体核型一致。系统整理已报道的麻蜥属核型资料,在此基础上探讨麻蜥属的染色体核型特征与演化。     

中国新发现的两蜥蜴化石

地质部地质科学研究院地层古生物研究室保存有两块含有脊椎动物化石的岩心。这两块标本极有意义,代表在我国新发现的蜥蜴类。这一类化石在我国发现不多,所以更值得予以记录。亚目蜥蜴类 Lacertilia科穴蜥科 Amphisbaenidae属昌乐蜥 Changlosaurus(新属)种五图昌乐蜥 Changlosaurus wutuensis(新种)正型标本一左上颚的大部分,具有五个保存完好的牙齿。另在附近靠上颚骨后     

山西垣曲河堤组寨里段的低等四足类动物群

本文记述了我国晚始新世的一低等四足类动物群,包括三种蜥蜴和两种鳄类.其中的宽额半鳄蜥(Hemishinisaurus latifrons gen. et sp. nov.)是我国首次发现的异蜥科化石;垣曲响蜥(Tinosaurus yuanquensis sp. nov.)是响蜥属在我国的最晚代表.     

西藏岩蜥卵生繁殖初步报道

正西藏岩蜥(Laudakiapapenfussi)隶属于爬行纲(Reptilia)有鳞目(Squamata)蜥蜴亚目(Lacertilia)鬣蜥科(Agamidae)岩蜥属(赵尔宓等1999,Baig et al. 2012)。1998年,赵尔宓仅以1号雄性标本描述了西藏岩蜥新种,没有雌性标本。邹大虎等(2016)丰富了西藏岩蜥的标本,特别是补充了西藏岩蜥雌性标本的空白。目前,     

西藏自治区岩蜥属一新种(蜥蜴亚目:鬣蜥科)

１９９５￣１９９６年,作撰写《中国动物志·蜥蜴亚目》卷鬣蜥科岩蜥属Ｌａｕｄａｋｉａ时,详细研究了中国科学院成都生物研究所两栖爬行动物研究室收藏的岩蜥属全部标本,发现其中采自西藏自治区波密县易贡及通麦的９号标本在《西藏两栖爬行动物》书中被鉴定为喜山鬣蜥拉萨亚种Ａｇａｍａ ｈｉｍａｌａｙａｎａ ｓａｃｒａ,已上升为种,改隶岩蜥属,称拉萨岩蜥Ｌａｕｄａｋｉａ ｓａｃｒａ,实际与拉萨岩蜥不是同种动物,而     

On the origin of the Hirudinea and the demise of the Oligochaeta

The phylogenetic relationships of the Clitellata were investigated with a data set of published and new complete 18S rRNA gene sequences of 51 species representing 41 families. Sequences were aligned on the basis of a secondary structure model and analysed with maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood. In contrast to the latter method, parsimony did not recover the monophyly of Clitellata. However, a close scrutiny of the data suggested a spurious attraction between some polychaetes and clitellates. As a rule, molecular trees are closely aligned with morphology-based phylogenies. Acanthobdellida and Euhirudinea were reconciled in their traditional Hirudinea clade and were included in the Oligochaeta with the Branchiobdellida via the Lumbriculidae as a possible link between the two assemblages. While the 18S gene yielded a meaningful historical signal for determining relationships within clitellates, the exact position of Hirudinea and Branchiobdellida within oligochaetes remained unresolved. The lack of phylogenetic signal is interpreted as evidence for a rapid radiation of these taxa. The placement of Clitellata within the Polychaeta remained unresolved. The biological reality of polytomies within annelids is suggested and supports the hypothesis of an extremely ancient radiation of polychaetes and emergence of clitellates.     

On the ontogeny of the haptor and the evolution of the Monogenea

Data on the ontogeny of the posterior haptor of monogeneans were obtained from more than 150 publications and summarised. These data were plotted into diagrams showing evolutionary capacity levels based on the theory of a progressive evolution of marginal hooks, anchors and other attachment components of the posterior haptor in the Monogenea (Malmberg, 1986). 5 + 5 unhinged marginal hooks are assumed to be the most primitive monogenean haptoral condition. Thus the diagrams were founded on a 5 + 5 unhinged marginal hook evolutionary capacity level, and the evolutionary capacity levels of anchors and other haptoral attachement components were arranged according to haptoral ontogenetical sequences. In the final plotting diagram data on hosts, type of spermatozoa, oncomiracidial ciliation, sensilla pattern and protonephridial systems were also included. In this way a number of correlations were revealed. Thus, for example, the number of 5 + 5 marginal hooks correlates with the most primitive monogenean type of spermatozoon and with few sensillae, many ciliated cells and a simple protonephridial system in the oncomiracidium. On the basis of the reviewed data it is concluded that the ancient monogeneans with 5 + 5 unhinged marginal hooks were divided into two main lines, one retaining unhinged marginal hooks and the other evolving hinged marginal hooks. Both main lines have recent representatives at different marginal hook evolutionary capacity levels, i.e. monogeneans retaining a haptor with only marginal hooks. For the main line with hinged marginal hooks the name Articulon-choinea n. subclass is proposed. Members with 8 + 8 hinged marginal hooks only are here called Proanchorea n. superord. Monogeneans with unhinged marginal hooks only are here called Ananchorea n. superord. and three new families are erected for its recent members: Anonchohapteridae n. fam., Acolpentronidae n. fam. and Anacanthoridae n. fam. (with 7 + 7, 8 + 8 and 9 + 9 unhinged marginal hooks, respectively). Except for the families of Articulonchoinea (e.g. Acanthocotylidae, Gyrodactylidae, Tetraonchoididae) Bychowsky's (1957) division of the Monogenea into the Oligonchoinea and Polyonchoinea fits the proposed scheme, i.e. monogeneans with unhinged marginal hooks form one old group, the Oligonchoinea, which have 5 + 5 unhinged marginal hooks, and the other group form the Polyonchoinea, which (with the exception of the Hexabothriidae) has a greater number (7 + 7, 8 + 8 or 9 + 9) of unhinged marginal hooks. It is proposed that both these names, Oligonchoinea (sensu mihi) and Polyonchoinea (sensu mihi), will be retained on one side and Articulonchoinea placed on the other side, which reflects the early monogenean evolution. Except for the members of Ananchorea [Polyonchoinea], all members of the Oligonchoinea and Polyonchoinea have anchors, which imply that they are further evolved, i.e. have passed the 5 + 5 marginal hook evolutionary capacity level (Malmberg, 1986). There are two main types of anchors in the Monogenea: haptoral anchors, with anlages appearing in the haptor, and peduncular anchors, with anlages in the peduncle. There are two types of haptoral anchors: peripheral haptoral anchors, ontogenetically the oldest, and central haptoral anchors. Peduncular anchors, in turn, are ontogenetically younger than peripheral haptoral anchors. There may be two pairs of peduncular anchors: medial peduncular anchors, ontogentically the oldest, and lateral peduncular anchors. Only peduncular (not haptoral) anchors have anchor bars. Monogeneans with haptoral anchors are here called Mediohaptanchorea n. superord. and Laterohaptanchorea n. superord. or haptanchoreans. All oligonchoineans and the oldest polyonchoineans are haptanchoreans. Certain members of Calceostomatidae [Polyonchoinea] are the only monogeneans with both (peripheral) haptoral and peduncular anchors (one pair). These monogeneans are here called Mixanchorea n. superord. Polyonchoineans with peduncular anchors and unhinged marginal hooks are here called the Pedunculanchorea n. superord. The most primitive pedunculanchoreans have only one pair of peduncular anchors with an anchor bar, while the most advanced have both medial and lateral peduncular anchors; each pair having an anchor bar. Certain families of the Articulonchoinea, the Anchorea n. superord., also have peduncular anchors (parallel evolution): only one family, the Sundanonchidae n. fam., has both medial and lateral peduncular anchors, each anchor pair with an anchor bar. Evolutionary lines from different monogenean evolutionary capacity levels are discussed and a new system of classification for the Monogenea is proposed.In agreeing to publish this article, I recognise that its contents are controversial and contrary to generally accepted views on monogenean systematics and evolution. I have anticipated a reaction to the article by inviting senior workers in the field to comment upon it: their views will be reported in a future issue of this journal. EditorIn agreeing to publish this article, I recognise that its contents are controversial and contrary to generally accepted views on monogenean systematics and evolution. I have anticipated a reaction to the article by inviting senior workers in the field to comment upon it: their views will be reported in a future issue of this journal. Editor