嗜麦芽假单胞菌酪氨酸酶基因在类产碱假单胞菌中的转移与表达

类产碱假单胞菌 (Pseudomonaspseudoalcaligenes)是从盐城市农村粪池中采集的自然病死蝇蛆体内分离的具有显著杀蛆作用的细菌 ,野外使用易受阳光中紫外线的影响而失活。黑色素具有很强的抗辐射作用。将构建的含有嗜麦芽假单胞菌酪氨酸酶基因的质粒pWSY导入类产碱假单胞菌体内 ,使后者获得了稳定产生黑色素的能力。Southern杂交实验证实酪氨酸酶基因来源于嗜麦芽假单胞菌。SDS PAGE电泳显示该重组子体内额外表达了一分子量约为 1 8kD的蛋白 ,该蛋白很可能就是重组子表达的酪氨酸酶。经测定 ,重组子抗辐射作用明显增强 ,有效杀蛆时间显著延长 ,对畜、禽安全     

OXIDATIVE ASSIMILATION OF GLUCOSE BY PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA.

Duncan, Margaret G. (The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada) and J. J. R. Campbell. Oxidative assimilation of glucose by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Bacteriol. 84:784-792. 1962-Oxidative assimilation of glucose by washed-cell suspensions of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was studied using C(14)-labeled substrate. At the time of glucose disappearance, only small amounts of radioactivity were present in the cells, and alpha-ketoglutaric acid accumulated in the supernatant fluid. Most of the material synthesized by the cells during oxidative assimilation was nitrogenous, the ammonia being supplied by the endogenous respiration. The cold trichloroacetic acid-soluble fraction and the lipid fraction appeared to be important during the early stages of oxidative assimilation, and the largest percentage of the incorporated radioactivity was found in the protein fraction. In the presence of added ammonia, assimilation was greatly increased and no alpha-ketoglutaric acid was found in the supernatant fluid. Sodium azide partially inhibited incorporation into all major cell fractions, and at higher concentrations depressed the rate of glucose oxidation. During oxidative assimilation, chloramphenicol specifically inhibited the synthesis of protein. Oxidative assimilation of glucose by this organism did not appear to involve the synthesis of a primary product such as is found in the majority of bacteria.     

假单胞菌属的一个新种

从桔汁矿化水饮料中分离到一株编号为9191的革兰氏阴性短杆菌,其形态、生理生化特性与假单胞菌属已报道的种均不相同.该菌株具极生单鞭毛,氧化酶和触酶均阳性;O-F葡萄糖为非发酵型,不产生荧光色素,不产生脓菌素,不产生类胡萝卜色素,对葡萄糖呈碱反应.经类脂粒染色后细胞内可见PHB颗粒积聚.脲酶阳性,硝酸盐还原阳性,反硝化阴性;不水解淀粉和明胶,精氨酸双水解酶阴性;41℃下不生长,在麦康凯和SS平板上不生长.在0.85%CaCl_2的牛肉汤中不生长;利用β-羟基丁酸作为唯一碳源;DNA中G+C含量为65.15mol%.因此定为假单胞菌属中的一个新种.根据其对生理盐水敏感的特性,命名为盐敏假单胞菌(Pseudomonas halosensibilis Zou ＆ Cai nov.sp.).     

假单胞菌产脂肪酶条件的初步探索

对假单胞菌（Pseudomonassp）2106菌株产脂肪酶条件的初步探索表明,该菌株脂肪酶为组成型,不受油脂类底物的诱导。碳源的种类（单糖、双糖、多糖）和浓度对产酶影响不大,氮源以豆饼粉和玉米浆混合添加最好。最适发酵温度为32℃,摇瓶转速140r／min。实验中还通过正交试验优化了产酶培养基组成。     

Pseudomonas sp.引起欧洲鳗Li烂鳃病的初步研究

欧洲鳗鲡［Ａｎｇｕｉｌｌａ 　ａｎｇｕｉｌｌａ（Ｌ．）］养殖过程中,细菌性疾病危害严重,其中烂鳃病周年发生且发病率高。欧洲鳗烂鳃病常与寄生虫病、真菌病并发,因而给治疗带来了困难。鳗鲡烂鳃病病原主要有柱状屈桡杆菌、噬纤维菌等［１－３］。本文报告由 Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓ　ｓｐ．引起的欧洲鳗鲡烂鳃病。１材料与方法１．１病原菌分离取无寄生虫与真菌感染,鳃丝溃烂的濒死病鳗,用无菌生理盐水冲洗体表三遍,解剖取出鳃,经无菌生理盐水充分冲洗后,捣烂鳃丝,接种环取样于普通平板培养基划线,３０℃培养２４ｈ后,挑取形…     

PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA INFECTIONS OF THE EYE

Pseudomonas aeruginosa seldom invades the body except in persons or in organs lacking natural defenses, and usually the infection is chronic rather than acute, evoking little systemic response. When introduced into the cornea, however, as in penetration by a foreign body or in contaminated medicines, it acts with extreme virulence, in many cases causing blindness and even necessitating enucleation.Although many attempts at control of Ps. aeruginosa, even with powerful antibiotics, have been unsuccessful, polymyxin B appeared to have good effect and was tested in experimental infection of the cornea in rabbits.It was demonstrated by preliminary studies in vitro that polymyxin B was effective against nine strains of Ps. aeruginosa which on inoculation caused rapidly progressive ulcers in the corneas of rabbits.A strain of proved virulence was introduced into both eyes of each of 18 rabbits. The left eyes only were treated with subconjunctival injections at 48-hour intervals of a solution of polymyxin B, to which epinephrine was added as a vasoconstrictor to prevent rapid dispersion. The right eyes remained untreated as controls.In five of the six rabbits treated immediately after inoculation, the treated eyes remained clear, while moderate infiltration developed in the sixth. In the six rabbits not treated for 24 hours after inoculation, ulcers developed but remained localized during therapy. In those not treated for 48 hours after inoculation, ulcers developed before treatment began but did not spread as rapidly as in the controls.Hyaluronidase was added to the preparation for half the rabbits in each group but had no perceptible beneficial effect.     

假单胞菌属引起医院感染332例临床分析

目的 了解假单胞菌医院感染状况及对抗菌药物的敏感率。方法 调查１９９４年７月～１９９８年６月４年间发生的假单胞菌医院感染３３２例,分析原发病、诱发因素、临床特点、血白细胞、疾原菌分布及Ｋ－Ｂ法药敏情况。结果 血液系统疾病、慢性阻塞性肺气肿和外伤患者易引起假单胞菌医院感染,常见感染部位为呼吸道、泌尿道。结论 机体免疫功能受损者易患假单胞菌医院感染,病原菌对环丙沙星、阿米卡星、头胞他啶、多粘菌素Ｂ的敏感性较好。     

固定化假单胞菌CTP-01细胞分解对硫磷的研究

用明胶-戊二醛(GGA)和聚丙烯酰胺(PAA)包埋的固定化Pseudomonas sp.CTP-01细胞具有降解对硫磷的特性。GGA固定化细胞水解对硫磷的活力比PAA固定化细胞高5.8倍。当保存在4℃时GGA和PAA固定化细胞分别可以保持活力31.3和70%。GGA和PAA包埋的细胞最适反应温度分别为50℃到70℃和60℃到70℃,然而整细胞在温度超过65℃时活力很快下降。GGA和PAA两种固定化细胞最适pH为8.0,当pH低于7.0时活力开始下降,pH4吋则完全失活。