Trx通过Sirt3-P53通路促进自噬并改善高糖诱发的CMECs损伤

目的:明确硫氧还蛋白(Thioredoxin,Trx)通过自噬调节对大鼠心脏微血管内皮细胞损伤的保护作用及相关机制。方法:分离成年大鼠心脏微血管内皮细胞并分为:(1)正常对照组;(2)高糖组;(3)高糖+Trx组;(4)高糖+Trx+Ad-sh Sirt3组;(5)高糖+Trx+Ad-sh P53组;(6)高糖+DMSO空载组。通过In Vitro Vascular Permeability Assay Kit检测单层心脏微血管内皮细胞通透性,TUNEL染色检测细胞凋亡,Western blot法检测Sirt3、P53、Atg5、LC3BI/II等相关自噬相关信号通路关键蛋白的表达水平。结果:与正常对照组相比,高糖引起单层心脏微血管内皮细胞通透功能损伤,增加细胞凋亡,抑制自噬,且Sirt3、Atg5、LC3BI/II表达下降而P53表达上升;给予Trx可以上调Sirt3、Atg5、LC3BI/II蛋白表达水平,抑制P53表达,并显著减轻上述高糖引起的细胞损伤;但是,分别干扰Sirt3和P53表达后,Trx的作用明显减弱。结论:Trx通过Sirt3-P53信号通路促进心脏微血管内皮细胞自噬,降低细胞凋亡,改善高糖诱发的大鼠心脏微血管内皮细胞损伤。     

IL-6通过Sirt1/p53/caspase-3通路介导胰岛β细胞凋亡

目的 探讨炎性因子IL-6是否通过Sirt1/p53/caspase-3通路介导胰岛β细胞凋亡.方法 Western 印迹检测Sirt1在小鼠各组织器官和胰岛β细胞系NIT-1细胞中的表达,免疫荧光法检测Sirt1在细胞中的定位.IL-6（10 ng/ml）处理NIT-1细胞48 h,Hoechst3334染色及流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡,Western印迹检测细胞内Sirt1、P53、乙酰化P53（acety-P53）、caspase-3和cleaved caspase-3的水平变化.结果 Sirt1在小鼠各组织器官和胰岛β细胞中均有表达,主要定位于细胞核.IL-6处理NIT-1细胞后,伴随Sirt1表达的显著减少,acety-P53明显上调,p53/caspase-3通路活化,NIT-1细胞凋亡增加.结论 IL-6通过下调Sirt1进而激活p53/caspase-3信号通路引起胰岛β细胞凋亡.     

黄芪含药血清对NK细胞活性及KLRK1表达的影响

目的：探讨黄芪含药血清对自然杀伤（NK）细胞活性及杀伤细胞凝集素样受体K1（KLRK1）表达的影响。方法：SD大鼠灌胃不同剂量的黄芪水煎剂制备黄芪含药血清。NK92MI细胞与不同剂量黄芪含药血清及对照血清孵育12h后,采用乳酸脱氢酶释放测定法检测NK细胞对靶细胞YAC-1的杀伤活性,采用qPCR和western blot检测KLRK1 mRNA和蛋白表达。结果：不同浓度黄芪含药血清刺激12h后NK细胞杀伤活性明显增强,KLRK1表达显著升高。结论：黄芪含药血清能活化NK细胞,其机制可能与其激活KLRK1有关。     

黄芪含药血清对NK细胞活性及KLRK1 表达的影响

目的：探讨黄芪含药血清对自然杀伤（NK）细胞活性及杀伤细胞凝集素样受体K1（KLRK1）表达的影响。方法：SD大鼠灌胃 不同剂量的黄芪水煎剂制备黄芪含药血清。NK92MI细胞与不同剂量黄芪含药血清及对照血清孵育12 h后,采用乳酸脱氢酶释 放测定法检测NK 细胞对靶细胞YAC-1 的杀伤活性,采用qPCR和western blot 检测KLRK1 mRNA 和蛋白表达。结果：不同浓度 黄芪含药血清刺激12 h后NK 细胞杀伤活性明显增强,KLRK1 表达显著升高。结论：黄芪含药血清能活化NK 细胞,其机制可能 与其激活KLRK1 有关。     

9R穿膜肽可增强P53抗肿瘤效果

为解决P53蛋白难以进入细胞内部发挥治疗作用的瓶颈难题.将p53基因融合插入带有9个精氨酸作为穿膜肽的表达载体中表达融合蛋白CPPs-P53,并与没有穿膜肽的P53蛋白进行比较,利用Western blotting方法检测蛋白的表达情况,MTT及Annexin V/PI双染法检测细胞生长抑制率及细胞凋亡率.Western blotting检测表明已成功在原核表达系统中表达融合蛋白CPPs-P53和P53蛋白,且蛋白纯度均已达到90％以上;MTT检测表明,P53蛋白对肿瘤细胞的生长虽有一定的抑制作用,但融合蛋白CPPs-P53与之相比,对肿瘤细胞生长的抑制效果显著增强,细胞生长抑制率有明显的提升,并且细胞生长抑制率呈现剂量依赖性;Annexin V/PI双染检测细胞凋亡情况也表明P53虽可以在一定程度上诱导肿瘤细胞的凋亡,但与P53蛋白相比较,融合蛋白CPPs-P53诱导的凋亡细胞明显增加,凋亡率是P53蛋白的2～3倍.由此说明在抑制肿瘤细胞的生长和诱导细胞凋亡方面,CPPs-P53比没有穿膜肽的P53蛋白的效果更显著.     

梓醇对氧糖剥夺诱导PC1 2 细胞凋亡的保护作用

目的：观察梓醇对氧糖剥夺（OGD）诱导PC12细胞凋亡的保护作用。方法：采用Hoechst 33258 DNA染色法,四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTT）检测细胞活性;化学比色法测定乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）的释放量,用流式细胞技术检测细胞凋亡比例以及P53和Bcl-2蛋白。结果：OGD可导致PC12细胞活力明显下降,LDH释放量增加、P53蛋白表达上升,Bcl-2蛋白表达下降。梓醇可明显改善细胞形态结构,显著降低LDH释放量、降低P53蛋白的表达,提高Bcl-2蛋白的表达,降低细胞凋亡率。结论：梓醇通过调节细胞凋亡相关基因的表达而抑制细胞凋亡。     

山奈酚对胃癌细胞PARP1以及P53基因表达的影响研究

胃癌(GC)是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,是人类健康的主要威胁,其发病机制是一个单基因或多基因逐步突变的过程,与细胞的侵袭、增殖和转移有关,包括癌基因遗传和表观遗传的突变、肿瘤抑制基因、DNA修复途径基因、细胞周期途径基因和幽门螺杆菌感染等。而山奈酚具有多种生物学活性,能够抑制多种肿瘤细胞的细胞周期,诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡从而抑制肿瘤细胞/组织的侵袭及转移。因此本研究用不同浓度的山奈酚处理胃癌细胞,并检测了胃癌细胞的形态变化情况、癌细胞凋亡相关因子P53和PARP1基因的表达水平和其对应的蛋白质表达变化。结果表明大于100μmol/L山奈酚处理后的胃癌细胞中P53基因和P53蛋白的表达水平被显著提高,而相反的PARP1基因和蛋白的表达则被显著抑制,且山奈酚处理后胃癌细胞的凋亡数目也明显增加,因此本实验结果表明,山奈酚能够有效的促进胃癌细胞凋亡的发生,以此来达到抑制癌细胞恶性增殖的作用。这一结果可以为后续针对胃癌新疗法的研究提供一些思路和理论支持。     

三七总皂苷对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后脑组织的凋亡抑制作用

目的:探讨三七总皂苷(PNS)对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤后大脑皮层细胞的凋亡抑制作用.方法:采用大脑中动脉栓塞再通法建立脑缺血再灌注模型,将大鼠随机分为假手术组、缺血再灌注组和三七总皂苷治疗组;根据再灌注时间不同分为再灌注10h、12 h、24h组,缺血时间为90 min.大鼠脑缺血再灌注10h、12h和24h不同时间点进行神经功能评分,采用原位末端标记法检测神经细胞凋亡情况,同时用免疫组化法检测抑制凋亡蛋白XIAP和促凋亡蛋白Smac阳性细胞数.结果:缺血再灌注组神经细胞凋亡数明显增加,XIAP蛋白的表达呈先高后低的变化(P＜0.05),Smac蛋白的表达明显上升(P＜0.05);PNS治疗组能明显减少脑皮层组织神经细胞凋亡数(P＜0.05),增加XIAP蛋白表达(P＜0.05),减少Smac蛋白表达(P＜0.05).结论:PNS可能通过促进抑制凋亡蛋白XIAP的表达和抑制促凋亡蛋白Smac的表达,减少脑组织缺血再灌注损伤后的神经细胞凋亡,进而对再灌注后脑组织具有抑制脑细胞凋亡的作用.     

疏肝养血降乳汤含药血清对垂体瘤增殖和凋亡作用的解析

为了探索疏肝养血降乳汤含药血清对垂体瘤(垂体泌乳素腺瘤)细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及其作用机制,采用大鼠垂体瘤细胞系MMQ作为研究对象,通过MTT法检测不同浓度疏肝养血降乳汤含药血清对MMQ细胞活力的影响;流式细胞仪检测不同浓度疏肝养血降乳汤含药血清对MMQ细胞周期和凋亡的影响;蛋白质免疫印迹检测不同浓度疏肝养血降乳汤含药血清对MMQ细胞Caspase-1、Caspase-3蛋白剪切活化的影响。表明,疏肝养血降乳汤含药血清对MMQ细胞增值有很强的抑制作用,通过激活Caspase-1、Caspase-3而促进MMQ细胞的凋亡,含药血清将MMQ细胞阻滞在G2/M期。这些说明疏肝养血降乳汤含药血清能够抑制MMQ细胞增值并促进其凋亡。     

普罗布考对动脉粥样硬化大鼠平滑肌细胞凋亡及p53和Fas蛋白表达的影响

目的探讨普罗布考防治动脉粥样硬化（AS）的机制。方法选用雄性大鼠,复制大鼠AS模型,随机分为动脉粥样硬化模型组、普罗布考组和正常对照组。大鼠造模成功后给予普罗布考治疗,6周后处死大鼠,采用流式细胞术检测平滑肌细胞凋亡率及凋亡相关基因p53和Fas蛋白的表达。结果模型组大鼠血管平滑肌细胞凋亡率明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）,p53和Fas蛋白的表达增强（P％0．05）,主动脉壁可肉眼观测典型斑块。普罗布考组大鼠平滑肌细胞的凋亡率明显低于模型组（P〈0．05）,p53和Fas蛋白表达下调（P〈0．05）,主动脉斑块面积较模型组减小明显。结论普罗布考通过调节p53和Fas蛋白表达来调节AS大鼠平滑肌细胞的凋亡。     

姜黄素诱导人胰腺癌PANC-1细胞凋亡的机制研究

目的：胰腺癌恶性程度高、进展快、预后差,姜黄素对于抑制恶性肿瘤的发生和进程具有广泛的生物学效应。但姜黄素能否诱导人胰腺癌细胞凋亡,其具体作用机制如何？目前仍无报道。本研究拟观察姜黄素对人胰腺癌PANC．1细胞凋亡的影响,探讨姜黄素诱导PANC．1细胞凋亡的机制。方法：不同浓度姜黄素处理人胰腺癌PANC-1细胞,流式细胞仪检测PANC-1细胞凋亡率,并分析Caspase-9和Caspase-3活性的变化,同时通过RT—PCR和Westemblot分析PANC-1细胞中P53表达的变化。结果：PANC-1细胞经不同浓度的姜黄素处理后,可以显著诱导细胞凋亡,并呈现一定的剂量依赖性,提示姜黄素具有一定抗肿瘤活性。姜黄素能够同时增加Caspase-9和Caspase-3的活性,并呈现一定的剂量依赖性,提示姜黄素可能通过Caspase-9和Caspase-3途径来诱导PANC．1细胞凋亡的发生。RT—PCR和westernblot结果显示,姜黄素可以显著增加PANC-1细胞中P53蛋白表达水平。结论：姜黄素可以显著诱导PANC-1细胞凋亡的发生,提高Caspase-9和Caspase-3的活性,同时增加的P53表达,并呈现一定的剂量依赖性,提示姜黄素诱导PANC-1细胞凋亡的过程可能与增加细胞中Caspase-9,Caspase-3以及P53的表达有关。本研究探讨了姜黄素诱导PANC-1细胞凋亡的分子机制,为姜黄素的进一步应用提供了新的思路和理论支持,在人胰腺癌的临床治疗中具有一定的潜在应用价值。     

LncRNA MST1P2/miR‐133b axis affects the chemoresistance of bladder cancer to cisplatin‐based therapy via Sirt1/p53 signaling

Although bladder cancer is commonly chemosensitive to standard first‐line therapy, the acquisition of the resistance to cisplatin (DDP)‐based therapeutic regimens remains a huge challenge. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs, have been reported to play a critical role in cancer resistance to DDP. Here, we attempted to provide a novel mechanism by which the resistance of bladder cancer to DDP treatment could be modulated from the perspective of ncRNA regulation. We demonstrated that lncRNA MST1P2 (lnc‐MST1P2) expression was dramatically upregulated, whereas miR‐133b expression was downregulated in DDP‐resistant bladder cancer cell lines, SW 780/DDP and RT4/DDP. Lnc‐MST1P2 and miR‐133b negatively regulated each other via targeting miR‐133b. Both lnc‐MST1P2 silence and miR‐133b overexpression could resensitize DDP‐resistant bladder cancer cells to DDP treatment. More important, miR‐133b could directly target the Sirt1 3′‐untranslated region to inhibit its expression. Inc‐MST1P2/miR‐133b axis affected the resistance of bladder cancer cells to DDP via Sirt1/p53 signaling. In conclusion, MST1P2 serves as a competing endogenous RNA for miR‐133b to counteract miR‐133b‐induced suppression on Sirt1, therefore enhancing the resistance of bladder cancer cells to DDP. MST1P2/miR‐133b axis affects the resistance of bladder cancer cells to DDP via downstream Sirt1/p53 signaling.     

视黄酸对胃癌细胞周期的调控

视黄酸(RA)能够抑制许多类型癌细胞生长、诱导细胞凋亡和调节细胞周期。本文研究了全反式视黄酸(ATRA)对人胃癌细胞的作用机理。结果表明,ATRA通过诱导细胞滞留在G_0/G_1期而显著抑制胃癌细胞生长,但ATRA不能诱导胃癌细胞凋亡;ATRA调控细胞周期与c-myc、磷酸化Rb水平的下调和p21~(WAF1/CIP1)、p53水平的上调有关,而cyclinD_1和CDK_4水平没有明显变化。在RA抗性细胞中,ATRA不能调节这些基因表达。结果证实,ATRA对胃癌细胞生长抑制与其诱导细胞滞留在G_0/G_1期有关,而与细胞凋亡的诱导无关,许多重要的、与周期相关的分子,包括cmyc、p21~(WAF1/CIP1、p53和Rb等参与细胞周期的调控。     

Resveratrol inhibits the hydrogen dioxide-induced apoptosis via Sirt 1 activation in osteoblast cells

Sirt 1 plays a critical role in stress responses. We determined the deregulation of Sirt 1 activity, p53 acetylation, Bcl-2 expression, and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in mouse osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells which were exposed to H₂O₂. And then we investigated the protective role of Sirt 1 activator, Resveratrol (RSV), against the H₂O₂-induced apoptosis. Results demonstrated that Sirt 1 and Bcl-2 were inhibited, whereas p53 acetylation, Bax, and caspase 9 were promoted by H₂O₂, as was aggravated by the Sirt 1 inhibitor, EX-527. Instead, RSV inhibited the H₂O₂-induced both p53 acetylation and the caspase 9 activation, whereas ameliorated the H₂O₂-induced Bcl-2 inhibition and apoptosis. In conclusion, Sirt 1 was downregulated during the H₂O₂-induced apoptosis in MC3T3-E1 cells. And the chemical activation of Sirt 1 inhibited the H₂O₂-induced apoptosis via the downregulation of p53 acetylation. Our results suggest that Sirt 1 upregulation appears to be an important strategy to inhibit the oxidative stress-induced apoptosis.     

慢性间歇性缺氧降低SD大鼠精子数量和活力的研究

摘要 目的：通过制备大鼠慢性间歇性缺氧的动物模型,观察间歇性缺氧对雄性大鼠精子数量和活力的影响,并初步探讨其可能的发生机制。方法：16只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组和缺氧组。间歇性缺氧8周后分别测定两组大鼠精子活力和精子浓度,睾丸组织中P53的表达量和细胞的凋亡水平,以及血清睾酮（T）、促卵泡素（FSH）和黄体生成素（LH）的浓度。结果：与对照组比较,缺氧组大鼠精子的浓度和活力均降低（P>0.05),并且前向运动的精子数明显减少（P<0.05）。同时,缺氧组睾丸组织P53 mRNA的表达和睾丸组织中凋亡的细胞均多于对照组,血清T、LH的浓度低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：间歇性缺氧时可能影响了下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴,不仅使睾酮合成减少,还降低了对P53的抑制作用而诱导了大量细胞的凋亡,最终降低了SD大鼠的精子数量和活力。     

Sirt3 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth through reducing Mdm2-mediated p53 degradation

Sirt3 is a member of the mammalian sirtuin family that is localized to mitochondria and plays a role in the control of the metabolic activity. Recently, Sirt3 has been reported to be associated with the deregulating metabolism of cancer cells. However, the role of Sirt3 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has never been studied. In this study, we found that Sirt3 protein expression was downregulated in human HCC tissue. We also showed that overexpression of Sirt3 using adenovirus inhibited HCC cell growth (two cell lines: HepG2 and HuH-7 cells) and induced apoptosis, which was evidenced by the increase of LDH leakage, enhancement of TUNEL-positive cells number and promotion of AIF translocation to nuclei. Sirt3 overexpression reduced the intracellular NAD(+) level, repressed the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and activated the Akt and JNK signaling pathways. Furthermore, Sirt3 overexpression upregulated p53 protein level through downregulating Mdm2 and thereby slowing p53 degradation. Collectively, our data suggests that Sirt3 may play an important role in HCC development and progression and may be a promising therapeutic target for HCC.     

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase regulates cell growth via the Sirt1/P53 signaling pathway and is a prognosis marker in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy, and the metabolic properties of CRC cells include enhanced aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect). Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) is one of the crucial enzymes that regulate the activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleodinucleotide dependent enzymes. Targeting NAMPT is a potential method of CRC therapy. Nevertheless, the underlying clinical implications and regulatory mechanisms of NAMPT in CRC remain unclear. In this study, we showed that NAMPT protein expression was increased in subjects with rectal localization compared with those with colon localization, and NAMPT was a poor prognostic marker for the overall survival rate in patients with CRC. In addition, the NAMPT inhibitor FK866 or lentivirus-mediated silencing induced CRC cell growth inhibition. Mechanistically, NAMPT regulated Sirt1 and P53 expression and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, along with the upregulation of downstream p21 and downregulation of cyclin D1, cyclin E1, and cyclin E2 expression. FK866 administration or knockdown of NAMPT induced CRC cell apoptosis via upregulation of caspase-3. In conclusion, NAMPT regulated Sirt1/P53 signaling during CRC cell growth and warrants further investigation for clinical administration in CRC.     

Resveratrol Inhibits the Growth of Gastric Cancer by Inducing G1 Phase Arrest and Senescence in a Sirt1-Dependent Manner

Resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, has been reported to exert anticancer activity by affecting diverse molecular targets. In this study, we examined the effects and the underlying mechanisms of resveratrol on gastric cancer. We found that resveratrol inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. At the concentration of 25 and 50 µM, resveratrol inhibited the cell viability and diminished the clonogenic potential of gastric cancer cells. Resveratrol treatment arrested gastric cancer cells in the G1 phase and led to senescence instead of apoptosis. Regulators of the cell cycle and senescence pathways, including cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK4 and 6), p21 and p16, were dysregulated by resveratrol treatment. The inhibitory effects of resveratrol on gastric cancer were also verified in vivo using a nude mice xenograft model. Resveratrol (40 mg/kg/d) exerted inhibitory activities on gastric cancer development and significantly decreased the fractions of Ki67-positive cells in the tumor specimens from the nude mice. After resveratrol treatment, the induction of senescence and the changes in the expression of the regulators involved in the cell cycle and senescence pathways were similar to what we observed in vitro. However, the depletion of Sirtuin (Sirt)1 reversed the above-described effects of resveratrol both in vitro and in vivo. Our data suggest that resveratrol inhibits gastric cancer in a Sirt1-dependent manner and provide detailed evidence for the possibility of applying resveratrol in gastric cancer prevention and therapy.