异槲皮苷对叔丁基过氧化氢诱导的L-02细胞氧化损伤的保护作用

研究异槲皮苷对叔丁基过氧化氢(t-BHP)诱导的L-02细胞氧化损伤的保护作用。体外培养L-02细胞,采用t-BHP(100μmol/L)作用24 h,建立L-02细胞氧化损伤模型,分为正常对照组、模型组(100μmol/L tBHP)、阳性对照(10μmol/L维生素E)组和不同浓度异槲皮苷(1、10、100μmol/L)预处理组。采用MTT法检测细胞活力,通过酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测丙二醛(MDA)含量,活性氧(ROS)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)的活性。与模型组比较,异槲皮苷显著提高细胞存活率(P0.05),降低ROS和MDA含量及LDH的外漏(P0.05),明显增加GSH-Px和SOD活性(P0.05)。异槲皮苷能够上调Sirt6表达,降低NF-κBp65含量。异槲皮苷能够保护t-BHP诱导的L-02细胞氧化损伤,其作用可能与提高清除ROS能力,调控Sirt6和NF-κBp65水平相关。     

延龄草苷对过氧化氢诱导的PC12细胞氧化损伤和炎症因子表达的影响

探讨延龄草苷对过氧化氢(H_2O_2)诱导的PC12细胞氧化损伤和炎症因子表达的影响。采用MTT法和LDH活性测定观察延龄草苷对PC12细胞模型的影响,采用相关试剂盒检测活性氧(ROS)和丙二醛(MDA)含量,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力,Western blot检测Sirt1、NF-κB和TNF-α的蛋白表达。延龄草苷(5~20μM)能够显著提高H_2O_2损伤的PC12细胞的活力,提高细胞抗氧化能力,并上调Sirt1的表达,下调NF-κB和TNF-α的表达,其保护作用可能与提高抗氧化能力,降低炎症因子损伤,调控Sirt1/NF-κB信号通路有关。     

美洲大蠊油脂对过氧化氢诱导SH-SY5Y细胞氧化损伤的保护作用

采用人神经母细胞瘤(SH-SY5Y)细胞,建立过氧化氢(H2O2)诱导的氧化损伤模型,加入H2O2前用美洲大蠊油脂(100、200、400、800、1000μg/m L)预处理,通过MTS法检测细胞存活率,比色法检测细胞乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出率,相关试剂盒检测细胞内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)系列抗氧化酶的活性,以及脂质过氧化物丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化,从细胞水平研究美洲大蠊油脂对氧化损伤细胞的保护作用,并初步探讨其作用机制。实验结果显示,与对照组相比,模型组细胞存活率明显降低,LDH漏出率明显增加,胞内SOD、GSH-Px活性显著降低,MDA含量增多。与模型组相比,美洲大蠊油脂(800、1000μg/m L)能显著增强细胞SOD(P0.01)、GSH-Px(P0.05)活性,降低MDA含量(P0.05),使得细胞存活率显著提高(P0.01),LDH漏出率降低(P0.01)。其中油脂的浓度与细胞存活率、SOD活性之间为正相关,与MDA含量为负相关,均呈现浓度依赖性。结果提示美洲大蠊油脂对H2O2所致SH-SY5Y细胞氧化损伤具有明显的保护作用,其作用机制可能与提高细胞SOD、GSH-Px活性,降低MDA含量从而增强细胞自身抗氧化能力有关。     

红花黄色素B对冈田酸致SH-SY5Y神经元损伤的保护作用

本研究目的是考察红花黄色素B(SYB)对冈田酸(OA)致SH-SY5Y神经元损伤的保护作用。采用全反式维甲酸(ATRA)诱导SH-SY5Y细胞分化为成熟神经元,OA诱导神经元损伤,建立Tau蛋白过度磷酸化的神经元突触萎缩模型;Giemsa染色法观察SH-SY5Y细胞形态学变化;Western Blot检测Tau蛋白262位点磷酸化水平;流式细胞术检测细胞总活性氧(ROS)和线粒体源ROS水平,以及线粒体膜电位的变化。结果表明,ATRA可诱导SH-SY5Y细胞分化为成熟神经元;OA可致神经元突触萎缩和Tau蛋白在262位点过度磷酸化;SYB能够改善OA所致成熟神经元损伤,降低Tau蛋白在262位点的磷酸化水平,其保护作用机制可能与减少胞内及线粒体源ROS产生,提高线粒体膜电位有关。     

Neuroligin对SH-SY5Y细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的:探讨Neuroligin(NLG)对人神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y增殖和凋亡的影响。方法:体外培养SH-SY5Y细胞24 h后,分别用浓度为50,100,200μmol/L的NLG siRNA转染SH-SY5Y细胞并共孵育24 h,然后采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测不同浓度NLG siRNA对SHSY5Y细胞增殖率的影响,以及Real-time PCR法检测SH-SY5Y细胞中凋亡基因Bax、Bcl-2、Bcl-x L和caspase-9基因表达水平的变化。结果:与空白对照组及siRNA阴性对照组相比,转染NLG siRNA后SH-SY5Y细胞增殖率显著下降,细胞凋亡相关基因被激活,导致细胞凋亡。结论:NLG对神经元细胞具有保护作用,抑制神经细胞凋亡。     

山楂酸对H_2O_2诱导的BRL-3A细胞氧化损伤及p38和Nrf2/HO-1通路的影响

该文研究了山楂酸对H_2O_2诱导的BRL-3A肝细胞氧化损伤的保护作用及其机制。采用MTT法检测细胞活力,DCFH-DA荧光探针法测定细胞的ROS水平,微量酶标法测定细胞LDH、SOD、CAT的活力和GSH、MDA含量;反转录PCR测定细胞Nrf2、HO-1和p38的mRNA表达水平;Western blot检测Nrf2、HO-1和p-p38的蛋白表达水平。结果显示,山楂酸可改善H_2O_2导致的BRL-3A细胞活力下降,降低ROS水平和LDH渗漏,提高SOD、CAT的活性和GSH含量,降低MDA的水平。此外,山楂酸可促进Nrf2的核转位,提高HO-1的mRNA和蛋白表达水平,抑制p38的磷酸化水平。这些结果表明,山楂酸对H_2O_2诱导的BRL-3A细胞的氧化损伤有保护作用,其机制与促进Nrf2的核转位、上调HO-1的表达和抑制p38的磷酸化水平可能相关。     

姜黄素通过促进ROS产生诱导人脑胶质瘤细胞凋亡

本文用姜黄素处理人脑胶质瘤U87细胞,以CCK-8法检测姜黄素对细胞增殖的影响,在光学显微镜下观察姜黄素处理后的细胞形态学变化;酶联免疫法测定NADPH氧化酶的含量;用DCFH-DA荧光探针检测细胞ROS含量,并对氧化应激指标总氧化力(T-AOC)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)进行了检测。用Annexinv/PI双染后流式细胞术检测和AO/EB荧光染色检测细胞凋亡,并通过免疫印迹法检测了凋亡相关蛋白信号通路。结果表明,姜黄素通过提高细胞NADPH氧化酶活性促进ROS产生,引起细胞内T-AOC降低,MDA含量升高,GSH含量下降,SOD活性升高,使细胞处于氧化胁迫,并可能通过ROS的升高触发细胞信号通路,下调NF-κB/p65蛋白的表达,最终通过凋亡执行分子Caspase-3促使细胞凋亡。     

黄连素预处理对6-羟基多巴胺所致PC12细胞损伤的影响

目的:观察黄连素(Berberine,BBR)预处理对6-羟基多巴胺(6-hydroxydopamine,6-OHDA)诱导的PC12细胞的影响,并探讨二型超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD,SOD2)是否介导了BBR的保护作用。方法:将PC12细胞分为5组,分别为正常培养的对照组(Control)、25μM的6-OHDA损伤组、1μM的BBR预处理24 h组(BBR+6-OHDA)、SOD2-siRNA干扰组(SOD2-siRNA+BBR+6-OHDA)和乱序siRNA处理组(SC-siRNA+BBR+6-OHDA),孵育24 h后,采用噻唑蓝法(Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide,MTT)检测细胞活力,试剂盒检测培养基乳酸脱氢酶(Lactic Dehydrogenase,LDH)、细胞内活性氧(Reactive Oxygen Species,ROS)、还原型谷胱甘肽(Glutathione,GSH)和过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)的含量,使用流式细胞仪检测凋亡率,Western blot检测SOD2和凋亡蛋白Cleaved caspase-3的表达。结果:与Control组相比,6-OHDA诱导PC12细胞24 h后,细胞活力显著降低,SOD2表达、GSH和CAT的含量明显减少,培养基上清液LDH活力、细胞凋亡率、Cleaved caspase-3表达和ROS水平显著增加(P<0.05),而BBR预处理可显著恢复6-OHDA诱导的PC12细胞活力、SOD2表达、GSH和CAT水平,并降低细胞凋亡率、凋亡蛋白表达和细胞ROS水平(P<0.05),而SOD2-siRNA显著逆转了BBR预处理产生的上述保护作用(P<0.05),SC-siRNA则未对BBR预处理产生的上述作用造成明显影响(P>0.05)。结论:黄连素预处理可减轻6-OHDA诱导的PC12细胞损伤,而SOD2分子介导了BBR预处理对暴露于6-OHDA的PC12细胞的保护作用。     

菟丝子提取物对活性氧引起已分化的PC12细胞损伤的保护作用

以常用的神经嗜铬细胞瘤PC12细胞株为实验模型,通过比较活性氧(ROS)作用细胞后的细胞活力、凋亡相关蛋白(p53、Bax)水平以及细胞中SOD、GSH、MDA的差异,发现菟丝子提取物不仅能提高ROS损伤的已分化PC12细胞活力,调节细胞中凋亡相关基因的表达,而且还能提高细胞中SOD和GSH的含量,降低MDA水平。由此表明,菟丝子提取物对ROS造成的PC12细胞损伤有一定的保护作用。     

吴茱萸碱抑制人结肠癌HCT-116细胞体外增殖和迁移

吴茱萸碱(Evodiamine,Evo)对人结肠癌HCT-116细胞体外增殖和转移的影响及其可能机制初探。体外培养人结肠癌HCT-116细胞株,加入Evo1.5μmol/L、3μmol/L、6μmol/L、12μmol/L、24μmol/L、48μmol/L、96μmol/L继续培养48 h,CCK-8法检测Evo对HCT-116细胞生存活性的影响;Transwell法和划痕法检测STF-118804、Evo对HCT-116细胞体外迁移的影响;RT-PCR和Western blotting检测不同浓度的Evo(0μmol/L,1.5μmol/L,3μmol/L,6μmol/L)和STF-118804(10μg/L)诱导HCT-116细胞48 h后,细胞中SIRT1、NF-кB、MMP-9蛋白的表达情况。不同浓度的Evo(1.5μmol/L,3μmol/L,6μmol/L,12μmol/L,24μmol/L,48μmol/L,96μmol/L)作用于HCT-116细胞48 h后,细胞的增殖均受到明显抑制(p0.05),且在一定范围内呈浓度依赖性;且Evo能抑制HCT-116细胞的迁移。Evo可明显下调HCT-116细胞内SIRT1、MMP-9 m RNA和蛋白的表达,上调NF-кB m RNA和蛋白的表达。体外实验表明,Evo对结肠癌细胞增殖和迁移的抑制作用是通过抑制SIRT1的表达,激活NF-кB信号通路,进而抑制MMP-9来实现的。     

Catalpol attenuates polycystic ovarian syndrome by regulating sirtuin 1 mediated NF-κB signaling pathway

Oxidative stress plays a central role in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Catalpol (CAT) is the active ingredient of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch which has therapeutic effect on PCOS. However, little is known about the mechanism of CAT in PCOS. PCOS rats were induced by subcutaneous injection of dehydroepiandrosteronec for four weeks and then were treated with CAT (50 mg/kg) or carboxyl methyl cellulose (the solvent of CAT) or normal saline for another 4 weeks. Histopathological observation of ovarian tissues, the levels of testosterone, estradiol and progesterone in rat plasma samples, the oxidative stress related-indexes and the expressions of NF-κB pathway-related proteins were determined. KGN cell (human ovarian granulosa cell line) was used as PCOS cell model and was transfected with siSIRT1 in the presence of CAT. The viability, proliferation and apoptosis of cells and the levels of SIRT1 and NF-κB pathway-related proteins were measured. CAT lessened the anthropometric indices and improved ovarian damage in PCOS model rats, and reduced the levels of testosterone, estradiol, progesterone and MDA, increased GSH content, and elevated the activities of catalase, GSH-Px and SOD in ovarian tissues of PCOS model rats. CAT up-regulated SIRT1 level and inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway in PCOS rat model and KGN cells. Silencing SIRT1 increased the viability and proliferation, whilst decreased the apoptosis of CAT-treated KGN cells. Silencing SIRT1 counteracted the effect of CAT on the level of oxidative stress-related factors and NF-κB signaling pathway in KGN cells. CAT attenuated PCOS by regulating SIRT1 mediated NF-κB signaling pathway.     

SOD3 Ameliorates Aβ<Subscript>25–35</Subscript>-Induced Oxidative Damage in SH-SY5Y Cells by Inhibiting the Mitochondrial Pathway

This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) against amyloid beta (Aβ_25–35)-induced damage in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for this beneficial effect. SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing SOD3 were generated by adenoviral vector-mediated infection and Aβ_25–35 was then added to the cell culture system to establish an in vitro model of oxidative stress. Cell viability, the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes, the levels of lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA), the expression of mitochondrial apoptosis-related genes and calcium images were examined. Following Aβ_25–35 exposure, SOD3 overexpression promoted the survival of SH-SY5Y cells, decreased the production of ROS, decreased MDA and calcium levels, and decreased cytochrome c, caspase-3, caspase-9 and Bax gene expression. Furthermore, SOD3 overexpression increased the expression and activity of antioxidant enzyme genes and Bcl-2 expression. Together, our data demonstrate that SOD3 ameliorates Aβ_25–35-induced oxidative damage in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by inhibiting the mitochondrial pathway. These data provide new insights into the functional actions of SOD3 on oxidative stress-induced cell damage.     

京尼平保护高糖诱导损伤小鼠胰岛MIN6细胞的机制

京尼平(genipin,Gen)是一种重要的抗氧化物,在细胞内抵抗氧化应激损伤过程中发挥重要的作用.为了探讨京尼平对高糖诱导损伤的小鼠胰岛MIN6细胞的影响,采用CCK-8法检测细胞存活率.高糖损伤组细胞活力下降(P＜0.05),京尼平作用高糖损伤的细胞后,细胞活力增加(P＜0.05);小鼠胰岛素(insulin)检测...     

Extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves attenuates neurotoxic damages in rats and SH-SY5Y cells exposed to a high level of fluoride

BackgroundPotential protection against the neurotoxic damages of high levels of fluoride on rats and SH-SY5Y cells by extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves, as well as underlying mechanisms, were examined.MethodsThe rats were divided randomly into 4 groups, i.e., control, treatment with the extract (100 mg/kg body weight, gavage once daily), treatment with fluoride (50 ppm F^- in drinking water) and combined treatment with both; SH-SY5Y cells exposed to fluoride and fluoride in combination with the extract or 4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide (4-ANI), an inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). Spatial learning and memory in the rats were assessed employing Morris water maze test; the contents of fluoride in brains and urine by fluoride ion-selective electrode; cytotoxicity of fluoride was by CCK-8 kit; the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) by appropriate kits; the level of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was by ELISA; the content of ROS and frequency of apoptosis by flow cytometry; the expressions of phospho-histone H2A.X_(Ser139), PARP-1, poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR) and Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) by Western blotting or immunofluorescence.ResultsThe rats with prolong treatment of fluoride exhibited dental fluorosis, the increased contents of fluoride in brains and urine and the declined ability of learning and memory. In the hippocampus of the rats and SH-SY5Y cells exposed to fluoride, the levels of ROS, MDA, apoptosis, 8-OHdG and the protein expressions of histone H2A.X_(Ser139), PARP-1 and PAR were all elevated; the activities of SOD and GSH-Px and the protein expression of SIRT1 reduced. Interestingly, the treatment of Ginkgo biloba extract attenuated these neurotoxic effects on rats and SH-SY5Y cells exposed to fluoride and the treatment of 4-ANI produced a neuroprotective effect against fluoride exposure.ConclusionGinkgo biloba extract attenuated neurotoxic damages induced by fluoride exposure to rats and SH-SY5Y cells and the underlying mechanism might involve the inhibition of PARP-1 and the promotion of SIRT1.     

Selenoprotein W as molecular target of methylmercury in human neuronal cells is down-regulated by GSH depletion

Methylmercury (MeHg) is well known as a neurotoxic chemical. However, little is mentioned about its neurotoxic mechanism or molecular target in human neuronal cells in particular. We show in this study that exposure of human neuronal cell line, SH-SY5Y, to MeHg dose- and time-dependently impairs viability and mRNA expression of selenoprotein W (SeW) with a significant difference, unlike other selenoenzymes such as, SeP, GPX4, 5DI, and 5'DI. Using real-time RT PCR, the influence of selenium (Se) and glutathione (GSH) on SeW expression was also investigated. While Se depletion caused a weakly reduced SeW mRNA levels, additional Se caused an increase of SeW mRNA levels. Although 2 mM GSH had induced a weak shift on SeW level, the expression of SeW mRNA was down-regulated in SH-SY5Y cells treated with 25 microM BSO, an inhibitor of GSH synthesis. To understand the relationship between a decrease of SeW expression and intracellular GSH and ROS, we measured the concentration of intracellular GSH and ROS in cells treated to 1.4 microM MeHg using fluorescence based assays. A positive correlation was found between SeW mRNA level and intracellular GSH but no significant correlation was observed between intracellular ROS and SeW mRNA level or intracellular GSH contents. Therefore, we suggest that SeW is the novel molecular target of MeHg in human neuronal cells and down-regulation of this selenoenzyme by MeHg is dependent not on generation of ROS but on depletion of GSH.     

Olfactory Ensheathing Cell-Conditioned Medium Reverts Aβ<Subscript>25–35</Subscript>-Induced Oxidative Damage in SH-SY5Y Cells by Modulating the Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptotic Pathway

Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are a type of glia from the mammalian olfactory system, with neuroprotective and regenerative properties. β-Amyloid peptides are a major component of the senile plaques characteristic of the Alzheimer brain. The amyloid beta (Aβ) precursor protein is cleaved to amyloid peptides, and Aβ_25–35 is regarded to be the functional domain of Aβ, responsible for its neurotoxic properties. It has been reported that Aβ_25–35 triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative damage, altering the structure and function of mitochondria, leading to the activation of the mitochondrial intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Our goal is to investigate the effects of OECs on the toxicity of aggregated Aβ_25–35, in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. For such purpose, SH-SY5Y cells were incubated with Aβ_25–35 and OEC-conditioned medium (OECCM). OECCM promoted the cell viability and reduced the apoptosis, and decreased the intracellular ROS and the lipid peroxidation. In the presence of OECCM, mRNA and protein levels of antioxidant enzymes (SOD1 and SOD2) were upregulated. Concomitantly, OECCM decreased mRNA and the protein expression levels of cytochrome c, caspase-9, caspase-3, and Bax in SH-SY5Y cells, and increased mRNA and the protein expression level of Bcl-2. However, OECCM did not alter intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration in SH-SY5Y cells. Taken together, our data suggest that OECCM ameliorates Aβ_25–35-induced oxidative damage in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by inhibiting the mitochondrial intrinsic pathway. These data provide new insights into the functional actions of OECCM on oxidative stress-induced cell damage.     

蒙药绍沙-7味丸防治大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的作用

目的:探讨蒙药绍沙-7味丸对心肌缺血/再灌注损伤大鼠的防治作用及机制.方法:60只大鼠随机分成6组:假手术组、模型组、蒙药绍沙-7味丸低、中、高剂量组以及阳性药对照组,每组10只;蒙药绍沙-7味丸低、中、高剂量组分别灌胃0.4 g/kg、0.8 g/kg、1.6 g/kg蒙药绍沙-7味丸,阳性药对照组灌胃0.3 g/k...     

Neuroprotective effects of aucubin on hydrogen peroxide-induced toxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway

BackgroundWhen redox balance is lost in the brain, oxidative stress can cause serious damage that leads to neuronal loss, in congruence with neurodegenerative diseases. Aucubin (AU) is an iridoid glycoside and that is one of the active constituents of Eucommia ulmoides, has many pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammation, anti-liver fibrosis, and anti-atherosclerosis.PurposeThe present study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of AU on cell oxidative stress against hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced injury in SH-SY5Y cells in vitro.MethodsSH-SY5Y cells were simultaneously treated with AU and H₂O₂ for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by CCK-8. Additionally, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and cell apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry.ResultsThe results showed that AU can significantly increase the H₂O₂-induced cell viability and the mitochondrial membrane potential, decrease the ROS generation, malondialdehyde (MDA), and increase glutathione (GSH) contents and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. We also found that H₂O₂ stimulated the production of nitric oxide (NO), which could be reduced by treatment with AU through inhibiting the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression. In H₂O₂-induced SH-SY5Y cells, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) content and cell apoptosis were significantly reduced by AU treatment through nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/hemo oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) activation, inhibiting the expression of p-NF-κB/NF-κB and down-regulating MAPK and Bcl-2/Bax pathways.ConclusionThese results indicate that AU can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress through the NF-κB, Nrf2/HO-1, and MAPK pathways.