阿魏酸钠生物学活性——对高糖诱导SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡的保护作用

探讨阿魏酸钠对高糖诱导的人神经母细胞瘤(SH-SY5Y)细胞凋亡的保护作用及其机制。分别通过葡萄糖培养液,以及具有阶梯阿魏酸钠含量的葡萄糖混合培养液进行SH-SY5Y细胞培养,持续时间为48 h。对其中细胞的存活率使用MTT比色法检测;通过Hoechst33258染色观察细胞核形态改变;细胞凋亡率引入流式细胞仪进行测验;离心获得细胞上清液后,使用对其中含有的8-羟基脱氧鸟苷酸(8-OHd G)组分使用酶联免疫吸附法检测。结果显示阿魏酸钠保护组细胞存活率明显升高,细胞核形态明显改善,组细胞早期凋亡率、上清液中8-OHd G的分泌量均明显降低。结果可见,阿魏酸钠对高糖诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡具有保护作用,其机制可能与阿魏酸钠的抗氧化作用有关。     

牛蒡苷元对H89 诱导的SH-SY5Y 细胞损伤的保护作用

目的：考察牛蒡苷元对H89 诱导的人神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y 细胞损伤的保护作用。方法：用蛋白激酶A 抑制剂H89 处理SH-SY5Y 细胞,建立细胞损伤模型。将SH-SY5Y 细胞分成正常组（正常细胞）、模型组（经H89 处理的细胞）、H89+ 牛蒡苷元组（经H89 处理后给予牛蒡苷元处理的细胞）和H89+ 丹酚酸B 组（阳性对照组,经H89 处理后给予丹酚酸B 处理的细胞）。采用MTT 法检测细胞活力、免疫荧光细胞化学法检测细胞中β- 淀粉样肽和神经营养因子-3 的表达以及Hoechst 33258 染色法检测细胞凋亡率。结果：H89 诱导的细胞损伤模型造模成功。牛蒡苷元在低浓度（0.5 μmol · L-1）时对细胞损伤模型的保护作用最佳,与模型组相比,H89+ 低浓度牛蒡苷元组细胞的细胞活力显著提高（P<0.01）,细胞中β- 淀粉样肽的表达下调5.17%（P<0.05）,而神经营养因子-3 的表达上调80.54%（P<0.01）,凋亡细胞百分比也显著降低（P<0.05）。结论：低浓度牛蒡苷元对H89 诱导的SH-SY5Y 细胞损伤具有显著保护作用。     

黑果腺肋花楸花色苷通过Nrf2机制对Aβ1-42诱导SH-SY5Y细胞产生氧化应激及细胞凋亡的保护作用

为了研究黑果腺肋花楸花色苷对Aβ1-42诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞产生氧化应激和细胞凋亡的影响.采用MTT比色法测定MTT,分别用ROS、H2O2 、SOD检测试剂盒测定活性氧(ROS),过氧化氢(H2O2),超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等氧化应激相关指标.采用Annexin-V-PI/FITC凋亡检测试剂盒检测细胞凋亡.采...     

热量限制对SH-SY5Y细胞氧化损伤的影响

目的观察热量限制培养条件下,SH-SY5Y细胞抗氧化应激损伤的能力。方法建立过氧化氢诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞损伤模型。体外培养SH-SY5Y细胞,分为对照组、损伤组（50、100、250、500、1 000μmol/L H2O2）、低糖组（2 g/L）、低糖＋损伤组,进行细胞形态观察、测定各组细胞的噻唑蓝（MTT）代谢率、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）漏出率。结果与对照组比较,（50、100、250、500、1 000）μmol/L H2O2损伤1 h后MTT代谢率测定细胞活力,50μmol/L组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;其他组与对照组比较,随着H2O2浓度的增加,细胞活力呈递减趋势,差异具有显著性（P〈0.01）;选定250μmol/L H2O2组为损伤应激源。用低糖预处理细胞24 h,给与250μmol/L H2O2损伤1 h后测定MTT代谢率显示,与对照组比较,损伤组活力明显下降,低糖组活力上升（P〈0.01）;与损伤组比较,低糖＋损伤组活力明显上升（p〈0.01）;继续培养至7 h发现,与对照组比较,低糖组活力上升（P〈0.01）;与损伤组比较,低糖＋损伤组活力明显上升（P〈0.01）。进一步检测LDH漏出率显示,损伤1 h后结果显示,与对照组比较,损伤组漏出率明显增加（P〈0.05）,低糖组漏出率稍有减少（P〉0.05）;与损伤组比较,低糖＋损伤组漏出率明显减少（P〈0.01）;继续培养7h显示,低糖7h组与低糖1 h组比较,漏出稍有增多（P〉0.05）,低糖＋损伤组7 h组与低糖＋损伤组1 h比较漏出率稍有增加（P〈0.05）;细胞形态学观察显示,未加损伤之前,低糖组的细胞形态,与对照组比较无明显改变。加入损伤药物1h后的细胞形态与对照组比较无明显改变。加入损伤药物7 h后的细胞形态,低糖组和对照组细胞突起伸展良好细长,损伤组可见细胞数目明显减少,死细胞多,突起回缩,细胞明显变圆,贴壁性不好,透光性差。结论热量限制能提高神经细胞的抗氧化应激能力,增加细胞生存率,降低死亡率。     

脉络宁对SH-SY5Y细胞氧糖剥夺再恢复损伤的保护作用及其机制研究

目的：研究脉络宁注射液对SH—SY5Y细胞氧糖剥夺／再复氧糖（OGI）／R）损伤的保护作用,并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法：体外培养SH-SY5Y细胞,将细胞随机分为正常组、氧糖剥夺模型组和脉络宁组（1．0mL·L^-1）,建立体外OGD／R细胞模型。倒置显微镜观察细胞形态;MTT法测定细胞存活率;测定乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）漏出量;Western Blot检测凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达的变化。结果：与模型组相比,脉络宁能减轻OGD／R引起的SH-SY5Y细胞的损伤,明显提高细胞存活率（P〈0．05）,减少LDH的释放量（P〈0．05）,有效抑制Bax蛋白的表达（P〈0．05）,上调Bcl-2的表达（P〈0．05）。结论：脉络宁注射液对OGD／R引起的SH-sY5Y细胞损伤有保护作用,其机制可能与影响凋亡相关基因Bcl-2、Bax的表达有关。     

京尼平保护高糖诱导损伤小鼠胰岛MIN6细胞的机制

京尼平(genipin,Gen)是一种重要的抗氧化物,在细胞内抵抗氧化应激损伤过程中发挥重要的作用.为了探讨京尼平对高糖诱导损伤的小鼠胰岛MIN6细胞的影响,采用CCK-8法检测细胞存活率.高糖损伤组细胞活力下降(P＜0.05),京尼平作用高糖损伤的细胞后,细胞活力增加(P＜0.05);小鼠胰岛素(insulin)检测...     

PXR激活在拮抗SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡中的作用

人神经母细胞瘤细胞SH-SY5Y细胞可以表达神经元特异性的酪氨酸羟化酶、多巴胺-β-羟化酶以及多巴胺转运体等,因此可用于建立帕金森病的体外模型。虽然帕金森综合症发病的确切机制至今尚不清楚,但众多的病理学资料证实该病患者存在中脑黑质多巴胺能神经元的凋亡。自由基、兴奋性     

疱疹病毒Ⅱ型感染SH-SY5Y细胞的生物学效应

目的：探讨疱疹病毒Ⅱ型（HSV-2）感染人神经母细胞瘤细胞株SH-SY5Y的生物学效应。方法：病毒液接种SH-SY5Y细胞后,用相差和电子显微镜观察感染细胞的形态变化,RT-PCR检测病毒在细胞中的增殖,MTT法检测病毒感染对细胞增殖的影响,流式细胞仪测定感染后的细胞凋亡状况。结果：相差显微镜显示细胞病变,从24～72h,细胞变性、坏死的程度和数量随感染时间延长而增加;电镜结果显示感染24h后,细胞核染色质固缩,出现多核巨细胞,线粒体内嵴紊乱、断裂,出现不同程度的自噬化、溶酶体化、空泡化,并可见大量鹰眼样已包装成熟的病毒颗粒及正在包装的病毒粒子;HSV-2LAT基因RT-PCR扩增表明,病毒能在SH-SY5Y细胞中增殖;凋亡检测显示HSV-2在体外细胞感染中并未使细胞出现凋亡现象;感染后24、48及72h,SH-SY5Y细胞的抑制率分别为11.3%、31.2%和63.1%,与对照组相比均存在显著性差异（P〈0.05）;分别用0.1、1、10MOI的病毒感染SH-SY5Y细胞,上述不同组在24、48、72h时细胞形态变化基本一致,感染结果相似,各组之间病毒毒力无明显差异（P〉0.05）。结论：初步在人神经母细胞瘤细胞株SH—SY5Y中建立了HSV-2感染的细胞模型,并研究了感染对细胞生物性状的影响,为探讨HSV-2的潜伏与激发机制、了解HSV-2的致病机制打下基础。     

17beta-雌二醇对谷氨酸诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的：探讨17β-雌二醇对谷氨酸诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞损伤的保护作用及可能机制。方法：选取SH-SY5Y细胞传代培养, 分为四组：(1)阴性对照组;(2)氧化损伤组：0.1 mmol·L-1谷氨酸作用24 h;(3)17β- 雌二醇低、高浓度组：加入(1.0× 10-4mmol·L-1和 1.0× 10-3 mmol·L-1)17β- 雌二醇作用24 h之后,加入谷氨酸作用24 h。采用MTT 比色法检测细胞存活率,流式细胞仪检测细胞活 性氧(ROS)水平,Hoechst-PI染色观查细胞凋亡,分光光度计检测上清液中Caspase-3 及Caspase-9 含量。结果：7β- 雌二醇能明显 抑制谷氨酸诱导的细胞活性的下降,减少谷氨酸所致SH-SY5Y 细胞内ROS 的生成,降低细胞凋亡率,减少凋亡因子的活性。结 论：17β-雌二醇对神经细胞损伤具有保护作用,这可能与其抗氧化作用有关。     

Beclin-1 shRNA对低氧诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞自噬的影响

目的：构建Beclin-1基因短发夹干扰RNA（shRNA）慢病毒载体,感染人SH-SY5Y细胞,观察沉默Beclin-1基因后低氧对SH-SY5Y细胞自噬的影响。方法：构建特异性靶向Beclin-1基因的shRNA慢病毒表达载体和阴性对照序列慢病毒载体;再将载体转染入SH-SY5Y细胞;RT-PCR检测Beclin-1的mRNA表达;Western blot检测Beclin-1蛋白表达;CCK-8法测定Beclin-1 shRNA对SH-SY5Y细胞活力的影响。再将空白对照、阴性对照、转染型三种细胞分别以21%常氧及5%低氧培养,Western blot检测各组细胞LC3蛋白表达;电镜观察自噬小体。结果：Beclin-1 shRNA能明显抑制SH-SY5Y细胞Beclin-1的mRNA及蛋白的表达;沉默Beclin-1基因后,Beclin-1 shRNA组细胞存活率与阴性对照组相比无差异;成功建立了稳定表达Beclin-1 shRNA的SH-SY5Y细胞。5%低氧处理后,与阴性对照组相比较,Beclin-1 shRNA组细胞中LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ比值下调,细胞内自噬小体数量减少。结论：慢病毒介导的Beclin-1shRNA对SH-SY5Y细胞的活力无影响,但可以抑制低氧诱导的自噬。     

胡椒碱及其衍生物对SH-SY5Y细胞的保护作用研究

对胡椒碱进行结构改造,合成了4个胡椒碱衍生物。以高浓度皮质酮(corticosterone)模拟抑郁及焦虑症神经细胞损伤状态。对包括胡椒碱在内的5个化合物进行了SH-SY5Y细胞保护作用的研究。结果表明:胡椒碱、5-(3,4-methylenedioxy phenyl)-2E,4E-pentadienoic acid n-propylamine amide(2)以及5-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2E,4E-pentadienoic acid N-methyl piperazine amide(4)对SH-SY5Y细胞有较好的保护作用。其中化合物2对SH-SY5Y细胞具有明显和持久的保护作用。     

Interaction between acylphosphatase and SERCA in SH-SY5Y cells

Ca²⁺ transport by sarco/endoplasmic reticulum, tightly coupled with the enzymatic activity of Ca²⁺-dependent ATPase, controls the cell cycle through the regulation of genes operating in the critical G₁ to S checkpoint. Experimental studies demonstrated that acylphosphatase actively hydrolyses the phosphorylated intermediate of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) and therefore enhances the activity of Ca²⁺ pump. In this study we found that SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell division was blocked by entry into a quiescent G₀-like state by thapsigargin, a high specific SERCA inhibitor, highlighting the regulatory role of SERCA in cell cycle progression. Addition of physiological amounts of acylphosphatase to SY5Y membranes resulted in a significant increase in the rate of ATP hydrolysis of SERCA. In synchronized cells a concomitant variation of the level of acylphosphatase isoenzymes opposite to that of intracellular free calcium during the G₁ and S phases occurs. Particularly, during G₁ phase progression the isoenzymes content declined steadily and hit the lowest level after 6 h from G₀ to G₁ transition with a concomitant significant increase of calcium levels. No changes in free calcium and acylphosphatase levels upon thapsigargin inhibition were observed. Moreover, a specific binding between acylphosphatase and SERCA was demonstrated. No significant change in SERCA-2 expression was found. These findings suggest that the hydrolytic activity of acylphosphatase increase the turnover of the phosphoenzyme intermediate with the consequences of an enhanced efficiency of calcium transport across endoplasmic reticulum and a subsequent decrease in cytoplasmic calcium levels. A hypothesis about the modulation of SERCA activity by acylphosphatase during cell cycle in SY5Y cells in discussed.     

Neuroprotective effects of triterpenoid saponins from Medicago sativa L. against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells

Medicago sativa L. is a forage legume plant widely distributed in all continents. Six new triterpenoid saponins, Medicagosides A-F (1–6) and five known ones (7–11) were isolated from M. sativa. Their structures were determined via HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR analysis. Biologically, all the isolates displayed neuroprotective activities against H₂O₂-induced damage in SH-SY5Y cells. Among them, compounds 1, 3–5 and 10 exhibited striking neuroprotective activities at 100 μM, restoring cell viability range from 79.66% to 89.03%, relative to 79.46% (100 μM) of Trolox used as the positive control.     

低氧预适应对氧糖剥夺损伤SH-SY5Y细胞的保护作用

目的：观察低氧预适应（HPC）对氧糖剥夺（OGD）损伤人神经母细胞瘤细胞（SH-SY5Y）的保护作用,并探讨其可能机制。方法：SH-SY5Y细胞随机分为4组：正常对照组：常规培养,不进行OGD处理;HPC处理组：将神经元放入低氧培养箱内（2% O₂）,30 min后立即取出,再恢复常氧培养,反复5次;OGD组：无糖培养基、低氧培养箱内（1% O₂）处理细胞10 h,然后复氧复糖培养24 h;HPC+OGD处理组：细胞HPC后,行OGD处理。通过形态学观察,MTT比色法检测细胞存活率,乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）漏出量判断细胞损伤的程度,原位末端标记（TUNEL）法检测凋亡水平,Western blot检测Caspase 3、低氧诱导因子1α（HIF-1α）的蛋白表达。结果：HPC可减轻OGD引起的SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡,降低LDH漏出量,明显增加OGD组SH-SY5Y细胞的活力（P<0.05）。Western blot显示HPC+OGD组Cas-pase 3蛋白的表达明显低于OGD组（P<0.05）;HIF-1α蛋白的表达明显高于OGD组（P<0.05）。结论：HPC对体外培养的SH-SY5Y细胞OGD损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与上调HIF-1α蛋白有关。     

The role of insulin against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damages in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells

Abstract

Exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) can easily penetrate into biological membranes and enhance the formation of other reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the present study, we have investigated the neuroprotective effects of insulin on H₂O₂-induced toxicity of retinoic acid (RA)-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. To measure the changes in the cell viability of SH-SY5Y cells at different concentrations of H₂O₂ for 24?h, a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT)-based assay was used and a 100?µM H₂O₂ was selected to establish a model of H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress. Further assays showed that 24?h of 100?µM H₂O₂-induced significant changes in the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), nitric oxide (NO), ROS, and calcium ion (Ca²⁺) in neuronal cells, but insulin can effectively diminish the H₂O₂-induced oxidative damages to these cells. Moreover, cells treated with insulin increased H₂O₂-induced suppression of glutathione levels and exerted an apparent suppressive effect on oxidative products. The results of insulin treatment with SH-SY5Y cells increased the Bcl-2 levels and decreased the Akt levels. The treatment of insulin had played a protective effect on H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress related to the Akt/Bcl-2 pathways.     

Glucose promotes caspase-dependent delayed cell death after a transient episode of oxygen and glucose deprivation in SH-SY5Y cells

Brain ischemia causes neuronal cell death by several mechanisms involving necrotic and apoptotic processes. The contributions of each process depend on conditions such as the severity and duration of ischemia, and the availability of ATP. We examined whether glucose affected the development of apoptosis after transient ischemia, and whether this was sensitive to caspase inhibition. Retinoic acid-differentiated SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells were subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation for 15 h followed by various periods of reoxygenation in either the presence or absence of glucose. Oxygen and glucose deprivation induced cell death in the hours following reoxygenation, as detected by propidium iodide staining. At the end of the period of oxygen and glucose deprivation, both cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor translocated from mitochondria to cytosol. Reoxygenation in the presence of glucose accelerated cell death, and enhanced caspase-3 activity and apoptosis. The glucose-dependent increase in apoptosis was prevented by treatment with the caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk, but not with calpeptin, a calpain inhibitor. Nevertheless, both zVAD-fmk and calpeptin decreased cell death in the glucose-treated group. ATP levels dropped dramatically after oxygen and glucose deprivation, but recovered steadily thereafter, and were significantly higher at 6 h of reoxygenation in the glucose-treated group. This indicates that energy recovery may promote the glucose-dependent cell death. We conclude that glucose favours the development of caspase-dependent apoptosis during reoxygenation following oxygen and glucose deprivation.     

Copper-dependent toxicity in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells involves mitochondrial damage

Treatment of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells with copper sulphate (50-300microM) in complete medium for 24h caused an increase in the level of the metal both in whole cells and in isolated mitoplasts. Toxic effects of copper resulted in the impairment of the capability of mitochondrial dehydrogenases to reduce a tetrazolium salt, and, to a lesser extent, in the loss of the integrity of the plasma membrane. The mechanism of toxicity involved the production of reactive oxygen species, amplified by the presence of ascorbate. Decreases in the levels of several mitochondrial proteins (subunits of complex I, complex V, and of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex) were observed. These findings demonstrate that mitochondria are an early and susceptible target of copper-mediated oxidative stress in neuronal cells and support the hypothesis that mitochondrial damage triggers the neurodegenerative processes associated with copper overload in Wilson's disease.     

Preparation of CoS nanoparticles-cisplatin bio-conjugates and investigation of their effects on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line

Neuroblastoma is one of the most widely seen under the age of 15 tumors that occur in the adrenal medulla and sympathetic ganglia. Cisplatin, an antineoplastic drug, is a Platinum-based compound and is known to inhibit the proliferation of neuroblastoma cells. Effective applications of nanoparticles in biomedical areas such as biomolecular, antimicrobial detection and diagnosis, tissue engineering, theranostics, biomarking, drug delivery, and anti-cancer have been investigated in many studies. This study aims to prepare the bioconjugates of CoS (cobalt sulfide) nanoparticles (NPs) with cisplatin combination groups and to evaluate their effects on the neuroblastoma cell line. Nanoparticle synthesis was done using the green synthesis technique using Punica granatum plant extract. The size and shape of CoS NPs were characterized by SEM, FT-IR, and XRD. Zeta potential was confirmed by the DLS study. For this purpose, the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line was cultured in a suitable cell culture medium. Cisplatin 5 µg and different concentrations (Cisplatin + CoS NPs bioconjugates (5, 10, 25, 50, 75 μg) doses were applied to SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell lines for 24 h. TAC, TOS and MTT tests were performed 24 h after the application. According to the MTT test results, cisplatin and CoS NP combinations reduced the proliferation of neuroblastoma cells by 78 to 57% compared to the cisplatin control. From the findings obtained; the most effective Bio-conjugate group was Cisplatin 5 μg/mL + CoS 75 μg/mL.