UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap高分辨质谱定量分析不同产地、炮制前后女贞子中9种成分的含量

采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS)建立了同时测定女贞子中红景天苷、芸香苷、木犀草苷、特女贞苷、橄榄苦苷、木犀草素、芹菜素、槲皮素、松果菊苷等9个成分含量的方法,对比分析不同产地、酒炖前后女贞子含量的差异。采用Hypersll GOLD C_(18)色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 3μm),流动相为甲醇-0.1%甲酸水梯度洗脱,电喷雾离子源(ESI),负离子模式扫描,结合化学模式识别分析不同产地、炮制前后的女贞子中9个成分的变化。结果表明9个成分在各自浓度范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.999 6),平均加样回收率为97.4%～101.9%。不同产地、炮制前后的女贞子中9个成分含量有明显差异,其中特女贞苷、红景天苷、木犀草苷、木犀草素、芸香苷、橄榄苦苷、松果菊苷对产地划分的贡献程度较大;女贞子经炮制后红景天苷、特女贞苷、橄榄苦苷的含量明显增加。本研究所建立的方法快速、准确、灵敏度高、重复性好,可为女贞子饮片和炮制品的质量标准完善提供科学依据。     

滁菊的HPLC指纹图谱制作及其化学计量学分析

建立滁菊的HPLC指纹图谱,结合化学计量学手段对不同滁菊的指纹图谱进行分析研究,以期为滁菊的质量控制和产地追溯提供依据。采用HPLC法建立指纹图谱,并用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2012版)和系统聚类、主成分分析2种化学计量学法对指纹图谱和特征峰进行分析。分析结果发现样品有27个共有峰,12个滁菊样品具有较高的相似度,杭菊与滁菊的相似度较差,聚类分析与主成分分析结果和相似度分析结果一致。将HPLC指纹图谱与化学计量学结合可对滁菊进行鉴别和质量评价,为其质量控制和追溯提供了理论参考。     

基于HPLC指纹图谱结合一测多评法的葛花质量控制研究

建立葛花药材的指纹图谱,并同时建立其中10个主要黄酮类成分含量的一测多评分析方法(QAMS),用于不同产地葛花药材整体质量评价。采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对不同产地葛花中主要化学成分进行分析,确定最佳色谱条件,建立指纹图谱;在此基础上,以葛花苷为参照峰,建立QAMS测定葛花10个黄酮类成分含量;并与外标法(ESM)测定结果比较,验证QAMS的准确性。建立了葛花药材指纹图谱,20批葛花和10批粉葛花药材的相似度均大于0.85,标定共有峰分别为18和27个。以葛花苷为参照峰,各个成分校正因子的重复性、耐用性均良好;应用一测多评法测定10个成分的含量,与外标法测定结果比较,含量无明显差异(P>0.05),相对偏差<3.0%。不同产地来源的葛花药材中10个成分含量均存在较大差异,说明应提高葛花药材的质量控制标准。所建立的指纹图谱结合一测多评分析方法简便、可行,可客观、有效的用于不同产地葛花药材质量评价,可以为葛花质量标准修订、优质葛花种质资源的选育和育种提供参考。     

不同产地桔梗HPLC指纹图谱及化学模式识别研究

为建立桔梗HPLC指纹图谱并对其质量控制方法进行探讨。研究采用YMC Hydrosphere C_(18)分析色谱柱(250×4.6 mm,5μm),以水和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长210 nm。建立不同产地15批桔梗药材HPLC指纹图谱。采用相似度评价、聚类分析、主成分分析和正交偏最小二乘判别分析等化学模式识别方法对不同产地桔梗质量及其控制方法进行分析和评价。建立的桔梗HPLC指纹图谱共标定21个共有峰,并通过对照品指认其中7个成分;不同产地桔梗相似度在0.927～0.991之间;聚类分析和主成分分析结果都将15批桔梗分为3类,利用正交偏最小二乘判别分析筛选出造成桔梗差异的13个色谱峰。本研究建立的HPLC指纹图谱结合化学模式识别的方法简便准确,能够为桔梗的质量控制和品质评价提供依据。     

不同产地丹参药材HPLC指纹图谱分析及4种菲醌类成分含量的比较

对7个产地丹参(Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.)药材进行了HPLC分析并确定了其指纹图谱的共有模式谱,在此基础上比较了7个产地丹参药材中4种菲醌类成分(二氢丹参酮Ⅰ、丹参酮Ⅰ、隐丹参酮和丹参酮ⅡA)的相对含量。结果表明:来源于不同产地的丹参药材的HPLC图谱均有21个峰,其中有8个共有峰;各共有峰的相对保留时间基本相同,RSD值均小于0.086%;但相对峰面积差异明显。以4号峰(二氢丹参酮Ⅰ)为参照峰,初步构建了丹参药材的HPLC指纹图谱的共有模式谱,7个产地丹参药材的HPLC指纹图谱与共有模式谱的相似性良好,相似度值为0.916～0.973。不同产地丹参药材中4种菲醌类成分的相对含量有明显差异,其中,河南产药材中4种菲醌类成分含量均最高,而河北产药材中均最低;此外,不同产地丹参药材中4种成分的组成比例也有明显差异。根据实验结果,建议将丹参药材的HPLC指纹图谱的共有模式谱作为丹参药材质量控制和真伪辨别的标准之一。     

马鞭草药材UPLC指纹图谱建立及指标性成分的测定CSCD

建立马鞭草药材指纹图谱,并对4种有效成分的含量进行测定,为马鞭草药材质量控制提供参考。采用超高效液相色谱(UPLC)法建立马鞭草药材指纹图谱,并利用高分辨质谱对共有峰进行指认,以15批马鞭草药材指纹图谱共有峰的相对峰面积为变量,进行化学计量学分析,并对15批马鞭草药材有效成分戟叶马鞭草苷、马鞭草苷、毛蕊花糖苷和异毛蕊花糖苷的含量进行测定。结果显示,马鞭草药材指纹图谱有16个共有峰,并指认出其中6个成分,聚类分析(HCA)和主成分分析(PCA)将15批药材分为3类,正交偏最小二乘法-判别式分析(OPLS-DA)共筛选出7个VIP>1.0的差异性成分。含量测定结果显示,不同产区的马鞭草药材戟叶马鞭草苷、马鞭草苷、毛蕊花糖苷和异毛蕊花糖苷的含量存在较大的差异。该方法能有效分析不同产地马鞭草药材的质量差异,为不同产地马鞭草药材质量的评价提供参考。     

胡黄连药材的指纹图谱研究

利用HPLC—DAD—MS法,研究胡黄连的高效液相色谱指纹图谱,为科学评价及有效控制其质量提供可靠方法。采用C18色谱柱,甲醇-水（含0．1％的甲酸）梯度洗脱;流速为1．0mL／min,检测波长290nm;柱温为室温。对不同产地的胡黄连药材进行指纹图谱分析,通过HPLC—MS技术指认指纹图谱共有模式中共有峰的归属。比较5种产地胡黄连药材指纹图谱确定了16个共有峰,并指认了含量超过50％的胡黄连苷Ⅱ和苷Ⅰ。发现产地不同,其指纹图谱有差别。试验方法和结果具有较好的准确性和稳定性,可以为胡黄连药物研究提供参考资料,对胡黄连药材的质量评价具有重要的参考价值。     

紫花地丁HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的:建立紫花地丁药材HPLC指纹图谱,提供药材质量控制的可靠方法。方法:采用HPLC方法,以Agi-lent C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)为色谱柱,甲醇-0.5%醋酸水溶液进行梯度洗脱;检测波长353 nm,流速1.0mL/min。结果:检测了12批不同来源的紫花地丁药材,确立了18个共有峰,建立了紫花地丁对照指纹图谱,计算各被测样品的HPLC指纹图谱的整体相似度,并指认了菊苣苷、七叶内酯、东莨菪素、早开堇菜苷4个特征峰,比较了上述成分在不同药材中的含量。结论:所建立的指纹图谱具有良好的精密度、重现性和稳定性,可作为紫花地丁药材质量控制标准。     

黄花菜药材性状鉴别、HPLC指纹图谱建立及多组分含量测定

通过性状鉴别、含量测定和指纹图谱建立三个方面开展黄花菜药材质量研究,首先对不同产地黄花菜润湿后展开,测量各结构数据,并对测量结果进行相关性分析。其次采用HPLC法测定多批次黄花菜指纹图谱及主要成分含量,并对各批次指纹图谱进行相似性评价和主成分分析。本实验建立了黄花菜药材HPLC指纹图谱,确定了45个共有峰,根据对照品指认了4个共有峰,并对其含量进行测定。实验结果显示黄花菜药材的外部形态具有显著性差异,且和产地、海拔、经纬度等有一定的关联。研究结果可以为黄花菜药材的质量控制提供可靠评价方法。     

芦荟的HPLC指纹图谱建立、化学模式识别分析及其含量测定

采用Phenomenex C₁₈色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-乙腈-0.3%磷酸水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,建立芦荟的指纹图谱。运用化学模式识别方法对不同产地芦荟药材质量控制方法进行评价。结果表明:12批芦荟HPLC指纹图谱共标定23个共有峰,并通过对照品指认其中6个成分;除了广西的3批药材之外,其他药材相似度都在0.93以上;聚类分析和主成分分析将12批芦荟分为3类;利用正交偏最小二乘判别法筛选出芦荟药材差异的5个色谱峰,并以相同HPLC法对其进行含量测定。本文将HPLC指纹图谱与化学模式识别相结合的方法简便准确,为芦荟药材的质量控制和品质评价提供依据。     

基于多元统计分析的酒制前后女贞子成分差异分析

为探究酒制对女贞子化学成分的影响,采用UPLC-Orbitrap-MS技术结合多元统计分析对生女贞子、酒女贞子差异性化学成分进行研究。基于分子网络技术、主成分分析(PCA)模型和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)模型筛选女贞子酒制前后出现差异的主要化学成分。共鉴定出42种化学成分,结果显示PCA,OPLS-DA可将女贞子与酒女贞子完全区分开来,OPLS-DA筛选出VIP>1的22个酒制前后出现差异的主要化学成分。本研究建立了一种新的数据处理策略,以系统识别生女贞子和酒女贞子的化学成分,筛选女贞子酒制前后的差异性成分,为进一步研究女贞子酒制增效物质基础及原理提供坚实的基础。     

女贞子化学成分、药理作用及药动学研究进展

女贞子系木犀科(Oleaceae)女贞属植物女贞(Ligustrum lucidum)的干燥果实,为我国传统中药,具有滋补肝肾、明目乌发的功效。女贞子含三萜类、环烯醚萜类、苯乙醇苷类及黄酮类等多种化学成分。许多药理作用研究表明女贞子具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎镇痛、保肝、抗骨质疏松、免疫调节、降血糖降血脂、抗菌抗病毒等活性。对女贞子的化学成分、药理作用及药代动力学研究进行综述,以期为我国女贞子资源的进一步开发和利用提供参考。     

Quality control and producing areas differentiation of Gardeniae Fructus for eight bioactive constituents by HPLC–DAD–ESI/MS

Gardeniae Fructus (G.Fructus), the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Rubiaceae), is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has been used for the treatment of hepatitis, jaundice, hypersonic, diabetes and hematuria. Numerous researches have demonstrated that the major active constituents in G.Fructus were responsible for the majority of medical effects of this fruit and their quantification were important for the quality control of G.Fructus. However, in the current quality control standard, only geniposide was used as characteristic marker of G.Fructus, which could not reflect the overall quality of this fruit. In order to identify more chemical makers for improving the quality control standard and evaluate producing areas differentiation of G.Fructus, in the present study, a novel and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector coupled to an electrospray tandem mass spectrometer (HPLC–DAD–ESI/MS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of 8 major constituents, including geniposidic acid (1), chlorogenic acid (2), genipin-1-β-gentiobioside (3), geniposide (4), genipin (5), rutin (6), crocin-1 (7), crocin-2 (8) in G.Fructus. Moreover, chemometric analysis techniques with principal component constituent analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) involved were introduced in statistical analysis of 8 investigated constituents in the 34 batches samples to discriminate the samples from different producing areas.The results indicated that the contents of the 8 major bioactive constituents in G.Fructus varied significantly among different producing areas. From results of the loading plot from PCA analysis, genipin-1-β-gentiobioside may have more influence in discriminating the sample from different producing areas, and which was found to be the most abundant bioactive component besides geniposide in all the 34 batches samples, suggesting that it should be added as chemical marker for further investigation on the pharmacological actions and the quality control of G.Fructus.     

Comparative Investigation for Raw and Processed Products of Euodiae Fructus Based on High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Fingerprints and Chemical Pattern Recognition

As a traditional Chinese medicine, Euodiae Fructus is widely used due to its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antihypertensive effects. However, Euodiae Fructus has also been documented to be toxic, and the toxic effects can be reduced by processing. To distinguish Euodiae Fructus from its processes products and study the changes of raw and processed products before and after processing, we evaluated four auxiliary material processing methods including vinegar, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Coptidis Rhizoma, and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The raw Euodiae Fructus and four processed Euodiae Fructus samples were analyzed and compared based on the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints combined with chemometrics, including principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and principal component analysis-class (PCA-Class). A total of 27 common peaks were obtained by fingerprint analysis. The fingerprint similarity of raw and processed samples was between 0.86–0.999. We also determined the contents of the main active ingredients - Evodiamine and Rutaecarpine. PCA and PLS-DA analyses were used to distinguish between the raw and processed samples of Euodiae Fructus, and 14 chemical markers were screened out. Four kinds of processed products were further analyzed and the results showed that they could be successfully distinguished under the established models, and 12 chemical markers were labeled. PCA-Class results revealed that the classification models constructed in this study had adequate discrimination ability. The method combined with HPLC fingerprinting and multi-component chemical pattern recognition technology could be used to differentiate raw and processed Euodiae Fructus with adequate predictive power. Our findings confirmed the rationality of the pharmacopoeial method and provided a reference for the quality control of the Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma processed Euodiae Fructus.     

不同产地川佛手中8种化学成分的分析与评价

建立HPLC法同时测定不同产地川佛手中木犀草素、6,7-二甲氧基香豆素、莨菪亭、5,7-二甲氧基香豆素、7-羟基香豆素、橙皮苷、槲皮素、阿魏酸8种成分含量的方法。采用Thermo BDS HYPERSIL C18(250 mm×4. 6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,甲醇-0. 2%冰醋酸水溶液进行梯度洗脱,流速1 m L/min,柱温30℃,检测波长322 nm。在该色谱条件下,川佛手中8种成分分离良好,平均加样回收率为91. 22%～96. 52%,RSD <5. 0%。不同产地的川佛手中8种成分含量存在差异,部分成分之间存在相关性,样品聚为3类。产于四川省宜宾市长宁县老翁镇的川佛手质量最优。该方法可为川佛手的资源开发利用、质量控制以及安全评价提供参考依据。     

女贞子对大鼠成骨细胞增殖与分化的影响

为探讨女贞子Fructus Ligustri Lucidi体外对大鼠成骨样细胞UMR-106增殖与分化的影响,女贞子水提物(LWE)以不同浓度加入细胞培养体系,用Am-Blue细胞增殖与活性检测试剂检测成骨细胞的增殖情况;以检测细胞内碱性磷酸酶的活性为指标考察成骨细胞的分化情况。结果表明,LWE在100μg/mL作用48 h能促进细胞的增殖,作用24~48 h能明显促进细胞的分化。在转染了5×ERE-Luc荧光素酶报告基因质粒的乳腺癌细胞MCF-7中检测到LWE能促进雌激素受体反应元件调控下的荧光素酶的表达;且LWE促UMR-106细胞分化的作用能被雌激素受体拮抗剂ICI18270所抑制,表明女贞子很可能是通过雌激素受体信号途径对成骨细胞的分化起作用的。     

福建省市售蔓荆子质量评价

通过对福建省16份市售蔓荆子商品进行质量分析与评价,为蔓荆子药材质量标准制定提供参考依据。汇总各县市市售蔓荆子来源与商品性状,测定总灰分、热浸物、总黄酮、蔓荆子黄素含量。结果表明,不同产地、不同批次市售蔓荆子药材有效成分存在明显差异,炒制明显提高蔓荆子药材黄酮类成分浸出率。在蔓荆子药材市场流通过程中,应制定严格的质量评价与控制体系以保证药材的有效利用。     

The study on the chromatographic fingerprint of Fructus xanthii by microwave assisted extraction coupled with GC-MS

The chromatographic fingerprint of Fructus xanthii, a kind of Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs), was studied by microwave assisted extraction (MAE) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The optimized conditions of MAE were examined. The method of MAE was evaluated in contrast to heat reflux extraction (HRE) method and by the validation tests of precision and repeatability. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of retention time and peak area of each component were less than 0.2% and 6%, respectively. Twenty-five different batches of samples collected from different producing areas and the toasting process of F. xanthii were studied. The characteristic differences in the producing areas and the chemical variances in the toasting process were obtained and studied by principal components analysis (PCA) and similarity analysis. The trends of main varying components were attempted to be described in order to specify the related pharmacology and toxicology in crude and toasted samples. The results suggest that the chromatographic fingerprint developed by MAE coupled with GC-MS provides useful information to reveal the quality of F. xanthii and evaluate the quality changes in the producing process.     

冬凌草二萜类成分的化学指纹图谱研究及评价

为了建立冬凌草(Rabdosia rubescens)二萜类成分的HPLC指纹图谱,并通过指纹图谱对来自不同产地和不同类型的冬凌草进行评价,本研究以10批太行山产冬凌草HPLC色谱图为参照,建立了冬凌草二萜类成分的指纹图谱,色谱条件为,色谱柱:phenomsil C18(250 ×4.6 mm,5 μm)柱;流动相:甲醇:0.5％磷酸水溶液梯度洗脱;柱温:30℃;检测波长:238 nm;流速:0.8 mL/min.通过化学成分指纹图谱相似度分析以及主成分分析方法,综合评价不同产地冬凌草样品质量的差异.结果表明冬凌草种质资源出现多种分化,不同地区冬凌草二萜类成分差异明显;不同变异类型冬凌草二萜类成分也发生了变化,但没有明显规律性.     

基于网络药理学分析芪贞元丹治疗动脉粥样硬化的作用机制*

目的: 基于网络药理学方法,探究中药复方芪贞元丹治疗动脉粥样硬化(AS)潜在的作用靶点和分子机制。方法: 查找TCMSP数据库,获得中药复方芪贞元丹中黄芪、女贞子、延胡索、丹参的活性成分和靶点,在OMIM等数据库中检索AS的靶点,使用Cytoscape绘图工具构建分子网络;检索STRING数据库并绘制PPI网络图,获取芪贞元丹治疗AS的关键靶点;并上传至Metascape数据平台对其进行GO和KEGG分析。结果: 芪贞元丹与AS有交集靶点118个,作为干预AS的作用靶点。芪贞元丹对抗AS可能与细胞因子介导、细胞因子受体结合等GO过程相关。KEGG富集结果显示155条通路与AS相关,主要涉及PI3K-Akt、HIF-1、NF-κB通路和炎症性肠病相关通路。结论: 通过网络药理学实验初步揭示芪贞元丹复方治疗AS的作用机制,复方中的槲皮素、山奈酚等活性成分作用于IL-6、PI3K-Akt等靶点,通过抗细胞凋亡、抑制氧化应激、抑制炎症反应等发挥抗AS作用,证明芪贞元丹复方治疗AS是多成分、多靶点、多途径协同作用的过程。