蛋白水解物在动物细胞培养中的应用研究进展

蛋白水解物是蛋白质经水解得到的混合物,其主要成分为肽类。蛋白水解物可优化动物细胞培养基的组成,并且其中所含部分肽段可作为外部分子信号对细胞代谢、生物合成、生长、凋亡及产物表达等生命活动产生特殊的调控作用,因而被广泛应用于动物细胞培养领域,以生产单克隆抗体、疫苗、干扰素等生物制品。其作为无血清或低血清培养基的营养成分,可消除或降低血清带来的病毒微生物污染。随着蛋白水解物生产工艺的改进及优质产品的问世,其必将在细胞培养等生物技术领域发挥越来越重要的作用。     

微波催化方法用于诱导GFP蛋白表达实验

通过在本科生实验教学“生物技术综合实验”和硕士研究生的“细胞及分子生物学实验”中,尝试使用微波超声波组合催化仪器代替溶菌酶和超声波细胞破碎的方法来裂解细胞,IPTG诱导蛋白表达,建立了微波单一催化的实验方法,可以准确表达GFP蛋白,不需要过夜反应,大大加快了反应速度,缩短反应时间,节约了实验课时间。绿色化学中的微波技术催化方法在生物化学和分子生物学领域也得到推广和应用。     

基因组学与应用生物学作者投稿指南

正1刊登范围本刊主要刊登现代生物技术的前沿学科和基础学科,如分子医学与临床应用、基因组学、蛋白组学、分子细胞遗传学、生化与分子生物学和应用生物学等相关领域的原始研究成果。刊登基础医学、临床医学等研究成果与实践经验,以及植物、动物和微生物领域的生物在组织、器官、细胞、染色体、基因、蛋白     

光遗传学技术研究进展

光遗传学技术是结合遗传学和光学对生物体特定细胞实现精确光控的新兴生物技术。自基于微生物视蛋白的光遗传学策略应用以来,光遗传学在视蛋白的开发与优化,基于病毒和重组酶的遗传学定位表达以及光学传输技术等方面都取得了显著进展。光遗传学在现代神经生物学领域应用广泛,在神经环路、行为、中枢神经系统疾病、精神疾病的机理研究中发挥着重要作用。主要介绍光遗传学技术的发展历程,重点介绍光遗传学工具的优化以及定位表达,旨在为光遗传学及相关领域的研究发展提供参考。     

现代生物技术产业研究(Ⅰ)——国内外生物技术产业发展态势分析

生物技术这一术语来源于英文Biotechology一词,常常有人称之为生物工程.所谓生物技术是指以生命科学为基础,利用生物体系(组织、细胞及其组分)和工程学原理,提供商品和社会服务的综合性科学技术.生物技术发展经历了从传统生物技术到现代生物技术的发展过程.传统生物技术在微生物酿造、轻工、食品、制药等领域得到广泛应用,在国民经济中占有重要地位.70年代初期,以重组脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)技术和杂交瘤技术为标志,生物技术的发展进入了一个新的阶段.     

2019环境生物技术专刊序言

环境生物技术,作为一门由现代生物技术与环境工程相结合的新兴交叉学科,已经在环境污染治理、环境监测中得到了广泛的应用,环境友好、高效地处理有机及无机污染,同时变废为宝生产高值化合物为从根本上解决环境问题提供了希望与支持。本专刊报道了环境生物技术在多环芳烃、抗生素、石油基塑料等环境污染物降解领域的基础与应用研究,介绍了吲哚、微生物铁载体等分子在生物修复中的应用,为全面认识环境污染现状、深入开展环境生物技术研究并制定综合治理策略等提供参考。     

CHO细胞无血清培养基的工艺优化

本文以表达人肿瘤坏死因子受体-人Ig G-Fc抗体融合蛋白的CHO细胞为研究对象,通过对影响其细胞密度、活力及蛋白表达量和聚体百分比的进行了3个大类因素的考察,即水解物:0.5%酵母提取物,0.5%谷类水解物,0.5%大豆蛋白水解物,0.5%植物蛋白胨;脂类物质:10 mmol/L磷脂酰胆碱,10 mg/L乙醇胺,0.05%脂肪乳剂;激素类物质:10μmol/L氢化可的松(肾上腺皮质激素),10 mg/L胰岛素,20 n M孕酮(类固醇激素)。结果表明,水解物中0.5%酵母水解物,脂类物质中10 mg/L乙醇胺,激素类物质中10 mg/L胰岛素对提高CHO细胞密度、活力和蛋白表达量和降低聚体含量具有重要促进作用。     

基因组学与应用生物学作者投稿指南

1刊登范围。本刊主要刊登现代生物技术的前沿学科和基础学科,如分子医学与临床应用、基因组学、蛋白组学、分子细胞遗传学、生化与分子生物学和应用生物学等相关领域的原始研究成果。刊登基础医学、临床医学等研究成果与实践经验,以及植物、动物和微生物领域的生物在组织、器官、细胞、染色体、基因、蛋白质、酶和发酵工程等不同水平上的现代生物技术等基础与应用基础研究的成果。     

基因组学与应用生物学作者投稿指南

1刊登范围本刊主要刊登现代生物技术的前沿学科和基础学科,如分子医学与临床应用、基因组学、蛋白组学、分子细胞遗传学、生化与分子生物学和应用生物学等相关领域的原始研究成果。刊登基础医学、临床医学等研究成果与实践经验,以及植物、动物和微生物领域的生物在组织、器官、细胞、染色体、基因、蛋白质、酶和发酵工程等不同水平上的现代生物技术等基础与应用基础研究的成果。     

基因组学与应用生物学作者投稿指南

1刊登范围本刊主要刊登现代生物技术的前沿学科和基础学科,如分子医学与临床应用、基因组学、蛋白组学、分子细胞遗传学、生化与分子生物学和应用生物学等相关领域的原始研宄成果。刊登基础医学、临床医学等研究成果与实践经验,以及植物、动物和微生物领域的生物在组织、器官、细胞、染色体、基因、蛋白质、酶和发酵工程等不同水平上的现代生物技术等基础与应用基础研究的成果。     

The imminent role of protein engineering in synthetic biology

Protein engineering has for decades been a powerful tool in biotechnology for generating vast numbers of useful enzymes for industrial applications. Today, protein engineering has a crucial role in advancing the emerging field of synthetic biology, where metabolic engineering efforts alone are insufficient to maximize the full potential of synthetic biology. This article reviews the advancements in protein engineering techniques for improving biocatalytic properties to optimize engineered pathways in host systems, which are instrumental to achieve high titer production of target molecules. We also discuss the specific means by which protein engineering has improved metabolic engineering efforts and provide our assessment on its potential to continue to advance biology engineering as a whole.     

Recombinant protein expression and purification: a comprehensive review of affinity tags and microbial applications

Protein fusion tags are indispensible tools used to improve recombinant protein expression yields, enable protein purification, and accelerate the characterization of protein structure and function. Solubility-enhancing tags, genetically engineered epitopes, and recombinant endoproteases have resulted in a versatile array of combinatorial elements that facilitate protein detection and purification in microbial hosts. In this comprehensive review, we evaluate the most frequently used solubility-enhancing and affinity tags. Furthermore, we provide summaries of well-characterized purification strategies that have been used to increase product yields and have widespread application in many areas of biotechnology including drug discovery, therapeutics, and pharmacology. This review serves as an excellent literature reference for those working on protein fusion tags.     

Enzymatic debittering of food protein hydrolysates

Protein hydrolysates have a range of applications in the food and allied healthcare sectors. Bitterness is a negative attribute associated with most food protein hydrolysates. The development of biotechnological solutions for hydrolysate debittering is ongoing. Specific enzymatic debittering strategies have focused on the application of proline specific exo- and endopeptidases given the contribution of proline residues to peptide/hydrolysate bitterness. Hydrolysate manufacturing conditions may also play an important role in bitterness development. Practical solutions to hydrolysate debittering are likely to involve judicious choice of enzymatic processing conditions in conjunction with the use of peptidase activities having targeted hydrolytic specificity.     

Protein splicing and its applications

Protein splicing elements, termed inteins, provide a fertile source for innovative biotechnology tools. First harnessed for protein purification, inteins are now used to express cytotoxic proteins, to segmentally modify or label proteins, to cyclize proteins or peptides, to study structure-activity relationships and to generate reactive polypeptide termini in expressed proteins for an expanding list of chemoselective reactions, including protein ligation.     

SDSL-ESR-based protein structure characterization

As proteins are key molecules in living cells, knowledge about their structure can provide important insights and applications in science, biotechnology, and medicine. However, many protein structures are still a big challenge for existing high-resolution structure-determination methods, as can be seen in the number of protein structures published in the Protein Data Bank. This is especially the case for less-ordered, more hydrophobic and more flexible protein systems. The lack of efficient methods for structure determination calls for urgent development of a new class of biophysical techniques. This work attempts to address this problem with a novel combination of site-directed spin labelling electron spin resonance spectroscopy (SDSL-ESR) and protein structure modelling, which is coupled by restriction of the conformational spaces of the amino acid side chains. Comparison of the application to four different protein systems enables us to generalize the new method and to establish a general procedure for determination of protein structure.     

Scenedesmus obliquus: Antioxidant and antiviral activity of proteins hydrolyzed by three enzymes

Purpose

To obtain protein hydrolysates from fresh water green algae Scenedesmus obliquus by three different enzymes and evaluate its antioxidant and antiviral activity.

Computational protein design

The field of computational protein design is reaching its adolescence. Protein design algorithms have been applied to design or engineer proteins that fold, fold faster, catalyze, catalyze faster, signal, and adopt preferred conformational states. Further developments of scoring functions, sampling strategies, and optimization methods will expand the range of applicability of computational protein design to larger and more varied systems, with greater incidence of success. Developments in this field are beginning to have significant impact on biotechnology and chemical biology.     

Usability of size-excluded fractions of soy protein hydrolysates for growth and viability of Chinese hamster ovary cells in protein-free suspension culture

To investigate the effect of size-excluded fraction of non-animal protein hydrolysate on growth, viability and longevity of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, several commercially available protein hydrolysates were evaluated as a feed supplement to chemically-defined protein-free suspension culture. Soy protein hydrolysates showed better supporting capability for cell growth and viability than the other types of hydrolysates. Maximal cell growth was not affected greatly by size exclusion of some soy hydrolysates such as bacto soytone and soy hydrolysates. CHO cells supplemented with size-excluded fractions of the two hydrolysates showed viable cell density and viability almost equal to those with their crude hydrolysates, although soy hydrolysates showed a little better performance. This suggested that the size-excluded hydrolysate fractions of some soy hydrolysate might be a potential culture medium additive to achieve better downstream operation in a large-scale production as well as enhanced productivity.     

Shrimp processing by-products protein hydrolysates: Evaluation of antioxidant activity and application in biomass and proteases production

Protein hydrolysates were prepared from shrimp processing by-products (SPBP) using five proteolytic enzymes: trypsin, Alcalase®, crude enzyme extract from sardinelle (Sardinella aurita) viscera and enzyme preparations from Bacillus licheniformis NH1 and Aspergillus clavatus ES1. The obtained hydrolysates exhibited different degrees of antioxidant activities evaluated through three main tests: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-scavenging activity, reducing power and β-carotene bleaching assays. Hydrolysates were also tested as nitrogen source for microbial growth and proteases production by Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, B. mojavensis A21 and B. subtilis A26. The reached results showed that the SPBP protein hydrolysates (SPBPPHs) could be a promising alternative to currently available commercial nitrogen sources of other origins.     

Protein aggregation in silico

Protein aggregation is a challenge to the successful manufacture of protein therapeutics; it can impose severe limitations on purification yields and compromise formulation stability. Advances in computer power, and the wealth of computational studies pertaining to protein folding, have facilitated the development of molecular simulation as a tool to investigate protein misfolding and aggregation. Here, we highlight the successes of protein aggregation studies carried out in silico, with a particular emphasis on studies related to biotechnology. To conclude, we discuss future prospects for the field, and identify several biotechnology-related problems that would benefit from molecular simulation.