骆驼刺氯仿提取物镇痛抗炎作用的初步研究

目的:初步考察骆驼刺氯仿提取物的镇痛抗炎活性.方法:以热板模型、醋酸扭体模型和福尔马林模型,考察骆驼刺氯仿提取物ASE的镇痛作用;以二甲苯制备小鼠耳肿胀模型,考察ASE的抗炎作用.结果:热板试验中,ASE中、高(0.50、1.00 g·kg-1)剂量对热刺激引发的疼痛具有抑制作用;醋酸扭体试验中,ASE低、中、高(0....     

乌头总生物碱贴片抗炎镇痛药效学研究

本文采用蛋清所致大鼠足跖肿胀和小鼠二甲苯所致耳廓肿胀模型研究乌头总生物碱贴片的抗炎作用及化学刺激法和热板法研究乌头总生物碱贴片对小鼠的镇痛作用进行实验.镇痛抗炎实验表明,乌头总生物碱贴片能提高小鼠热板法所致疼痛的痛阈值并减少醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应次数;对二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀有明显的抑制作用,能明显减轻蛋清所致的大鼠足跖肿胀.结果表明乌头总生物碱贴片具有明显的抗炎及镇痛作用.     

龙胆苦苷镇痛抗炎药理作用研究

本文采用小鼠醋酸扭体法和热板法观察龙胆苦苷(gentiopicroside)的镇痛药理作用,采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀急性炎症模型及大鼠肉芽肿慢性炎症模型,考察龙胆苦苷的抗炎药理作用.龙胆苦苷经皮下注射给药,在小鼠醋酸扭体和热板法实验中,减少了扭体次数,提高了小鼠痛域阈值,呈良好的量效关系.明显减轻了二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀,降低蛋清致大鼠足趾肿胀,抑制了大鼠肉芽肿.结果表明龙胆苦苷对热和化学刺激引起的疼痛反应有明显的镇痛作用,对急、慢性炎症反应均有一定的抑制作用.     

臭灵丹水提取物的急性毒性及镇痛作用的实验研究

采用上下移动法,醋酸扭体法、热板法、福尔马林致痛试验对臭灵丹水提取物的急性毒性及镇痛作用进行了研究。结果显示：臭灵丹水提取物LD50（腹腔注射）为1．19g／kg;臭灵丹水提取物明显抑制醋酸所致的小鼠扭体数,显著减少福尔马林致痛试验后期小鼠舔足行为;而对热板法所致疼痛无明显作用。表明臭灵丹水提取物具有一定的外周镇痛作用。     

杨桃水提物对小鼠抗炎镇痛作用研究

为了研究杨桃水提物(Averrhoa caramhola L. water extract, AWE)对小鼠的抗炎、镇痛作用,采用蛋清致小鼠足跖肿胀和二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀来建立炎症模型,通过比较致炎侧小鼠足跖、耳廓与非致炎侧小鼠足跖、耳廓的质量关系来观测AWE的抗炎作用,采用热板法观测其镇痛作用。将90只小鼠采用完全随机设计分组法分成3组:空白对照组、阿司匹林组及杨桃水提物组,每组30只,分别进行抗炎和镇痛系列判定试验。其中杨桃水提物组给予AWE(10.00 g/kg)灌胃、阿司匹林组给予阿司匹林(0.20 g/kg)灌胃、空白对照组给予相同体积蒸馏水灌胃,均每天1次,连续给药7 d。各组在末次给药后分别进行抗炎镇痛作用的观测。试验结果与空白对照组相比较后显示,AWE可明显抑制蛋清所致小鼠足肿胀、抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓的肿胀度,可提高热板所致小鼠痛阈值(p0.05,p0.01),因此AWE具有明显的抗炎镇痛作用。     

大叶胡枝子根皮抗炎镇痛活性部位及其机制北大核心CSCD

筛选大叶胡枝子根皮抗炎镇痛作用的活性部位,并探讨其作用机制。采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀、蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀以及大鼠棉球肉芽肿炎症模型,考察大叶胡枝子根皮抗炎作用的活性部位,采用热板和醋酸扭体疼痛模型,考察大叶胡枝子根皮镇痛作用的活性部位,并检测活性部位对蛋清致炎模型大鼠血清的TNF-α、IL-1β和足跖炎性组织的PGE_2含量以及醋酸致痛模型小鼠血清的NO、MDA和PGE_2含量,以初步探究其抗炎镇痛作用机制。结果表明:大叶胡枝子根皮石油醚萃取部位明显抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀和蛋清所致大鼠足跖肿胀以及棉球肉芽肿,明显延长热板所致小鼠痛阈值和明显减少醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应次数;明显减少蛋清致炎大鼠血清TNF-α、IL-1β及足跖炎性组织PGE_2含量,明显降低醋酸致痛小鼠血清NO、MDA和PGE_2含量。结果显示,大叶胡枝子根皮抗炎镇痛作用的活性部位主要为石油醚部位,其抗炎机制可能与减少炎症时TNF-α、IL-1β和PCE_2的产生有关,其镇痛作用机制可能与降低疼痛时NO、MDA和PGE_2的含量有关。     

大叶胡枝子根皮抗炎镇痛活性部位及其机制

筛选大叶胡枝子根皮抗炎镇痛作用的活性部位,并探讨其作用机制。采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀、蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀以及大鼠棉球肉芽肿炎症模型,考察大叶胡枝子根皮抗炎作用的活性部位,采用热板和醋酸扭体疼痛模型,考察大叶胡枝子根皮镇痛作用的活性部位,并检测活性部位对蛋清致炎模型大鼠血清的TNF-α、IL-1β和足跖炎性组织的PGE_2含量以及醋酸致痛模型小鼠血清的NO、MDA和PGE_2含量,以初步探究其抗炎镇痛作用机制。结果表明:大叶胡枝子根皮石油醚萃取部位明显抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀和蛋清所致大鼠足跖肿胀以及棉球肉芽肿,明显延长热板所致小鼠痛阈值和明显减少醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应次数;明显减少蛋清致炎大鼠血清TNF-α、IL-1β及足跖炎性组织PGE_2含量,明显降低醋酸致痛小鼠血清NO、MDA和PGE_2含量。结果显示,大叶胡枝子根皮抗炎镇痛作用的活性部位主要为石油醚部位,其抗炎机制可能与减少炎症时TNF-α、IL-1β和PCE_2的产生有关,其镇痛作用机制可能与降低疼痛时NO、MDA和PGE_2的含量有关。     

合萌水提物抗炎镇痛作用的实验研究

目的:观察合萌水提物的抗炎、镇痛作用。方法:采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀、角叉菜胶致小鼠足跖肿胀、醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加及醋酸致小鼠扭体实验、热板实验模型,观察合萌水提物的抗炎镇痛作用,并测定丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)的含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果:合萌水提物可抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀,减轻小鼠足跖肿胀,降低小鼠毛细血管通透性,减少醋酸致小鼠扭体次数,增加热板小鼠痛阈值,降低血清MDA、NO含量,提高血清SOD活性。结论:合萌水提物具有抗炎镇痛作用,作用机制可能与降低血管通透性、抑制NO等炎症介质产生及增强清除自由基、抗脂质过氧化能力有关。     

姜延胶囊抗炎镇痛作用实验研究

目的:观察姜延胶囊的抗炎镇痛作用.方法:采用醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细管通透法、二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀法、滤纸性肉芽肿法及小鼠热板法、扭体法镇痛实验等动物模型,考察姜延胶囊的抗炎镇痛效果.结果:姜延胶囊能明显减轻小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性,对小鼠耳肿胀及肉芽肿均有抑制作用;并能减少热板及醋酸所致的小鼠疼痛反应,提高小鼠痛阈值.结论:姜延胶囊具有良好的抗炎镇痛作用,该实验为其临床应用提供了药理学依据.     

花椒总生物碱镇痛、抗炎、止痒作用研究

目的:研究花椒生物碱镇痛、抗炎及止痒作用。方法:分别采用热板法考察其镇痛作用二甲苯致炎法考察其抗炎作用、低分子右旋糖酐-40诱发小鼠皮肤瘙痒研究其止痒作用。结果:中、高浓度的花椒生物碱对小鼠热刺激引起的疼痛具有较强的镇痛作用;高浓度的花椒生物碱能较强抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀,并能缓解分子右旋糖酐-40诱发的小鼠皮肤瘙痒。具有较强的抗炎、止痒作用。结论:花椒生物碱具有较强的镇痛、抗炎、止痒作用。     

枸杞色素及多糖的不同提取次序对其得率及抗氧化活性的影响

为探究先后提取枸杞多糖及枸杞色素时对各自得率的影响。本研究通过分别考察这两种成分在提取过程中的提取溶剂、提取温度、料液比、提取次数及提取时间等因素对枸杞色素和枸杞多糖的得率影响,确定枸杞色素和枸杞多糖在提取次序不同时,两者的最佳提取工艺以及对DPPH·和·OH自由基清除率。结果表明,首先提取枸杞多糖后,枸杞色素的最佳提取工艺为采用正己烷,80℃时,料液比1∶10,提取2次,每次1 h,枸杞色素得率为2.48%,此时枸杞多糖得率为7.45%;而首先提取枸杞色素后,采用了超声辅助提取的方式提取枸杞多糖,发现超声效率为25%,料液比1∶10,提取20 min,枸杞多糖得率为5.23%,此时枸杞色素得率为3.93%。因此,首先提取枸杞多糖,使其平均得率为7.45%,而后提取枸杞色素,其平均得率为2.48%;总体上,枸杞色素1和枸杞多糖1对DPPH·自由基清除率都较高,枸杞多糖1对·OH自由基清除率较高,其抗氧化活性都接近Vc。     

枸杞多糖的提取纯化及组成分析

采用水提法从枸杞中提取分离枸杞多糖(LBP)用DEAE纤维素柱色谱和凝胶柱色谱进行分离纯化,采用GPC-LLS法、红外光谱和气相色谱等方法对其组成进行研究。结果表明LBP含有3个级分,LBP的分子质量约为1.497×105,由阿拉伯糖(Ara),鼠李糖(Rha),木糖(Xyl),甘露糖(Man),半乳糖(Gal)和葡萄糖(Glc)6种中性单糖组成。     

枸杞多糖对肝癌患者血清AFP、PHCA、VEGF及CTGF水平的影响

目的:探讨枸杞多糖对原发性肝癌患者血清中甲胎蛋白(AFP)、人肝癌抗原(PHCA)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)水平的影响。方法:选取我院诊治的原发性肝癌患者84例为研究对象,根据治疗方案分为两组,其中对照组41例给予肝动脉化疔栓塞术(TACE)治疗,实验组43例在对照组基础上给予枸杞多糖治疗。用酶联免疫吸附法对两组患者治疗前后血清中VEGF、CTGF及PHCA水平进行检测,应用电化学发光法对AFP进行检测,并比较两组患者的临床疗效。结果:干预前,两组的AFP以及PHCA水平无显著差异(P0.05);干预后,实验组AFP及PHCA水平显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);干预后,实验组患者VEGF和CTGF下降幅度显著明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);干预后,实验组治疗有效率(76.74%)显著高于对照组(60.98%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。与同期对照组比较,实验组生存率较高,不良反应发生率较低,差异具有统计学意义,P0.05。结论:枸杞多糖能够降低原发性肝癌患者的血清AFP、PHCA、VEG以及CTGF水平,提高原发性肝癌治疗效果。     

Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects and antioxidant activity of fruit extracts from Lycium barbarum

The hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Lycium barbarum fruit water decoction, crude polysaccharide extracts (crude LBP), and purified polysaccharide fractions (LBP-X) in alloxan-induced diabetic or hyperlipidemic rabbits were investigated through designed sequential trials and by measuring blood glucose and serum lipid parameters. Total antioxidant capacity was also assessed using trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. It was found that the three Lycium barbarum fruit extracts/fractions could significantly reduce blood glucose levels and serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations and at same time markedly increase high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels after 10 days treatment in tested rabbits, indicating that there were substantial hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. Hypoglycemic effect of LBP-X was more significant than those of water decoction and crude LBP, but its hypolipidemic effect seemed to be weaker. Total antioxidant capacity assay showed that all three Lycium barbarum extracts/fractions possessed antioxidant activity. However, water and methanolc fruit extracts and crude polysaccharide extracts exhibited stronger antioxidant activity than purified polysaccharide fractions because crude extracts were identified to be rich in antioxidants (e.g., carotenoids, riboflavin, ascorbic acid, thiamine, nicotinic acid). Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (glycocojugates), containing several monosaccharides and 17 amino acids, were major bioactive constituents of hypoglycemic effect. Both polysaccharides and vitamin antioxidants from Lycium barbarum fruits were possible active principles of hypolipidemic effect.     

枸杞多糖与黄芪多糖抑菌活性的研究*

目的:研究黄芪多糖和枸杞多糖的抑菌活性并探讨不同pH值对其抑菌活性的影响。方法:采用滤纸片扩散法,分析不同浓度黄芪多糖和枸杞多糖在不同pH值下对几种常见细茵和霉菌(大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、黑曲霉、产黄青霉)的抑制效果。结果:对于细菌,枸杞多糖8mg/mL时出现抑菌圈,而黄芪多糖0.02 mg/mL时效果最佳;对于霉菌,随着枸杞多糖浓度的增大,抑菌圈的直径增大,而黄芪多糖0.02 mg/mL时效果最佳;当枸杞多糖和黄芪多糖在pH6的条件下,二者抑菌活性均最强。结论:枸杞多糖和黄芪多糖对细菌、霉菌都有一定的抑制效果,pH值可影响枸杞多糖和黄芪多糖的抑菌效果。     

微波-纤维素酶法提取枸杞多糖的工艺研究

枸杞为常用的中药材,其多糖含量高。枸杞多糖在保健、医疗方面应用广泛,目前已有不少枸杞多糖提取方法的研究,但尚无微波-纤维素酶法提取枸杞多糖的研究。为了更好地提取枸杞多糖,满足日益增长的需求,进行了相关研究。最佳工艺条件为：微波功率450 W,微波处理时间6 min,物料为80目,液料比25∶1（mL/g）,纤维素酶用量1.5%,酶解温度50℃,酶解时间60 min,酶解体系pH值4.8,在此工艺条件下,枸杞多糖得率为13.2%。     

枸杞多糖对H5N1流感全病毒灭活疫苗的体液免疫增强作用

探讨枸杞多糖(Lycium barbarum polysaccharide,LBP)作为佐剂对H5亚型流感病毒全病毒灭活疫苗的体液免疫增强效果。将流感病毒A/Vietnam/1194/2004(H5N1)灭活疫苗与不同剂量的枸杞多糖混合后以腹腔注射的方式共同免疫小鼠,免疫后三周收集血清用于特异性抗体检测。实验中设立氢氧化铝佐剂组作对照共同评价LBP作为佐剂的免疫增强效果。结果显示,小鼠血清中针对H5灭活疫苗的特异性抗体水平在一定范围内随着LBP剂量的增加而提高。LBP在800μg剂量时血清特异性抗体水平较无佐剂组显著增强,并与氢氧化铝佐剂组大致相当。因而,LBP有可能成为一种有效的流感灭活疫苗免疫佐剂。     

Conversion of acetaminophen to the bioactive N-acylphenolamine AM404 via fatty acid amide hydrolase-dependent arachidonic acid conjugation in the nervous system

Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is a popular domestic analgesic and antipyretic agent with a weak anti-inflammatory action and a low incidence of adverse effects as compared with aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Here we show that acetaminophen, following deacetylation to its primary amine, is conjugated with arachidonic acid in the brain and the spinal cord to form the potent TRPV1 agonist N-arachidonoylphenolamine (AM404). This conjugation is absent in mice lacking the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase. AM404 also inhibits purified cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 and prostaglandin synthesis in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. This novel metabolite of acetaminophen also acts on the endogenous cannabinoid system, which, together with TRPV1 and COX, is present in the pain and thermoregulatory pathways. These findings identify fatty acid conjugation as a novel pathway for drug metabolism and provide a molecular mechanism for the occurrence of the analgesic N-acylphenolamine AM404 in the nervous system following treatment with acetaminophen.     

不同地域宁夏枸杞活性成分的研究

对不同地域宁夏枸杞中活性成分的含量进行了分析。研究结果显示产地不同的宁夏枸杞中活性成分含量有明显差别,宁夏银川产的宁夏枸杞中所含的活性成分高于辽宁朝阳产的宁夏枸杞;在积温高、土壤呈弱碱性条件下,宁夏枸杞中的多糖、游离氨基酸、果红素含量较高。     

Effect of sugars on maturation rate of vitrified-thawed immature porcine oocytes

This study examined the effects of monosaccharide (glucose), disaccharide (sucrose) and polysaccharides (Ficoll and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP)) at different concentrations, using ethylene glycol (EG) as membrane-permeating cryoprotectant, on in vitro maturation of vitrified-thawed immature (GV) porcine oocytes. A total of 1145 oocytes were obtained by follicle aspiration from 496 ovaries of pigs slaughtered at a local abattoir and vitrified using a five-step method. After thawing and removal of cryoprotectant, oocytes were cultured for 44 h at 39 degrees C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO(2) in air. Oocytes were stained with DAPI and nuclear maturation was examined. The highest maturation rates were obtained in 1.5M glucose (8.62%), 0.75 M sucrose (20.0%), 3.0 g/ml Ficoll (13.79%) and 0.10 g/ml LBP (20.69%), respectively. The maturation rate using 0.75 M sucrose or 0.10 g/ml LBP was significantly higher compared to 1.5M glucose (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference from using 3.0 g/ml Ficoll (P>0.05). The percentage of oocytes reaching metaphase II (MII) stage in the cryopreserved groups was significantly lower than control (P<0.05). These results suggest that LBP is an effective non-permeating membrane cryoprotectant and 0.75 M sucrose or 0.10 g/ml LBP can be used as the vitrification solution for immature porcine oocytes.