中国桑科构树属一新变种

落叶灌木,有时攀援状,高1-3米,有乳汁;枝条黑灰色或红褐色,无毛,有散生的皮孔;小枝黄绿色,被短柔毛,基部有芽鳞痕。叶互生,纸质,广卵形或卵状菱形,长3-5厘米,宽1.5-3厘米,先端长渐尖,基部钝或广楔形,或有时斜心形,边缘有锯齿,有时2-5深裂,上面有粗伏毛和稀疏的短柔毛,下面有短柔毛;基部三出脉,上部侧脉2-4对,叶脉在叶面扁平,在叶背稍突起;叶柄长4-6毫米,被微毛,托叶成对,膜质,卵状披针形,长约5毫米,外面被微毛。     

福建假稠李属一新种

<正> 直立灌木,高2—4米。冬芽卵形,除鳞片边缘密被睫毛状腺毛外,无毛。嫩枝被粉状微柔毛,二年生枝条灰褐色,无毛。叶卵形,在开花时长4—5厘米,宽2—2.5厘米,顶端短尖至尾状渐尖,甚部心形,边缘具重锯齿,锯齿和小齿,十分尖锐,叶面无毛,背面淡绿黄色,除脉腋有时被柔毛外,无毛,侧脉每边9—12条,直达齿端;叶柄长2—4毫米;托叶冬形,长1—1.5厘米,宽1—2毫米,除中部以上的边缘被睫毛状腺毛外,无毛。总状花序     

广西鹅耳枥属一新种

<正> 灌木,高3米。枝紫黑色,皮孔不明显;当年生枝密被黄褐色长柔毛。叶狭卵形,长0.9—2.8厘米,宽0.7～1.2厘米,先端短尖,基部近圆形,稍不对称,叶缘基部以上具不规则之重锯齿,两面沿中脉被长柔毛;侧脉7—11对,干后与中脉在叶面下陷,在背面明显凸     

广西铁木属一新种

<正> 乔木,高15—17米,胸径21—30厘米,树皮灰褐色,粗糙;老枝暗紫褐色,疏生不甚明显的褐色细小皮孔,变无毛,幼枝密被黄褐色长柔毛;芽椭圆形或狭卵形,长3—5毫米,芽鳞阔卵形,疏被短柔毛或无毛,边具缘毛。叶互生,卵形,稀狭卵形,长5—10.5厘米,宽2.5—5厘米,顶端渐尖,稀短浙尖,基部微心形,稍偏斜,上面疏生长柔毛或近无毛,背面灰绿色,密被短柔毛,中脉上面下凹,被开展的长柔毛,背面突起,基部密被其余疏被长柔毛,侧脉14—20对,脉间距离宽达6毫米,上面下凹,被短柔毛,背面突     

安徽黄芩属一新种

<正> 多年生直立草本,高45—65厘米。茎四棱形,具槽,中部以下几无毛,中部以上沿棱角及节部略被下曲的短柔毛。叶卵状椭圆形,长(5—)8—9.5厘米,宽2.5—4厘米,先端渐尖,基部圆形,边缘具间有双重圆齿状锯齿,上面近无毛,下面沿脉上疏破短柔毛,余部无毛被黄色腺点;叶柄长1—2.5厘米。花对生排列成长7—14厘米的顶生和腋生总状花序,花梗长2—3毫米。盾片高1.5毫米,花萼长4.5毫米,萼外仅沿脉及边缘上疏被短柔毛,余部无毛,果时萼增大,长达7毫米,宽4.5毫米,盾片高4毫米,花冠白色,长3.1—3.5厘米,外疏被短     

中国茶藨子属(虎耳草科)新植物

灌木,高约2米。小枝微弯曲,黑褐色,无毛。冬芽长卵圆形。叶片呈不等的五角形,长7—13匣米,宽8—16厘米,先端长渐尖,基部深心形,边缘有不等重锯齿,上面深绿色,散生硬毛,下面淡绿色,沿脉被短柔毛,主脉和侧脉均突起;叶柄长5—9.5厘米,近无毛。总状花序,下垂,花梗长3—4毫米,和总花梗均被短柔毛,常混生星状毛。果实长圆形,红色,直径约6毫米;萼片宿存,反折,近无毛。     

江西的新植物

灌木,高3米。小枝明显具棱,被黄褐色柔毛。叶卵形至三角卵形,长3-9.5厘米,宽2.2-4.5厘米,先端渐尖至尾状渐尖,基部截形至心形,稀圆形,边缘有重锯齿,不规则4-5浅裂,两面除沿脉外几无毛,主脉和5-6对侧脉以及小脉在上面稍下凹,在背面突出,叶柄长4-1。毫米,被黄褐色短柔毛。     

中国茶藨子属(虎耳草科)新植物

<正> 灌木,高约2米。小枝微弯曲,黑褐色,无毛。冬芽长卵圆形。叶片呈不等的五角形,长7—13匣米,宽8—16厘米,先端长渐尖,基部深心形,边缘有不等重锯齿,上面深绿色,散生硬毛,下面淡绿色,沿脉被短柔毛,主脉和侧脉均突起;叶柄长5—9.5厘米,近无毛。总状花序,下垂,花梗长3—4毫米,和总花梗均被短柔毛,常混生星状毛。果实长圆形,红色,直径约6毫米;萼片宿存,反折,近无毛。     

湖南鹅耳枥属一新种

小乔木,高约4米,树皮灰色;小枝纤细,暗紫色,光滑,疏生皮孔。叶坚纸质,披针形或卵状披针形,长2.5-4.5厘米,宽1-1.5厘米,顶端长尾尖,基部宽楔形或略圆,叶缘具刺毛状单锯齿,整齐,上面幼时侧脉间被长柔毛,后变无毛,下面沿叶脉有长毛或无毛,侧脉18-20对,在下面突起,相距3毫米,与中脉交角40°;叶柄纤细,长5-7毫米,有疏柔毛,托叶条形,长8毫米。     

广西黄色山茶花一新种

<正> 常绿灌木,高2—4米;树皮灰褐色,无毛。顶芽淡绿色,长圆锥状,长1.5—2.5厘米;芽鳞6—10枚,覆瓦状排列,密被银色短柔毛。叶革质,长椭圆形,长7.5—19厘米,宽3.5—6厘米,先端急尖,基部楔形或近圆形;边缘具细锯齿,齿端具黑褐色腺状尖头;两面无毛,上面深绿色,下面淡绿色,散生黑褐色小腺点;侧脉9—13对,干后在腹面下陷,在背面突起,中脉在腹面稍突起,在背面强明显突起,网脉在上面不明显下陷,在下面明显突起,叶柄长1—1.2厘米,腹部有沟槽,无毛,绿色。花单生于叶腋或顶生,直径1.5—4厘     

Betulaceous leaves and fruits from the British Upper Palaeocene

Fossil leaves and bracteate fruits are described from a new Upper Palaeocene locality in the Reading Beds near Newbury, southern England. The leaves are assigned to Craspedodromophyllum acutum Crane and correspond in many respects to those of living Betulaceae. The bracts and fruits are assigned to Palaeocarpinus laciniata Crane, which although referable to the Coryleae exhibits a novel combination of the characters of several living genera, particularly Corylus and Carpinus. An argument is presented for the association of these organs as a reconstructed fossil plant which is an extinct member of the Betulaceae. The evolution and fossil record of the Betulaceae are discussed, the late Upper Cretaceous and Palaeocene being regarded as the time at which the characters of modern genera were beginning to differentiate. Carpinus appears to have undergone a major Eurasian diversification during the late Palaeogene and early Neogene. Dispersal in Palaeocarpinus laciniata was probably less specialized than in most extant Coryleae.     

Betulaceous leaves and fruits from the British Upper Palaeocene

Fossil leaves and bracteate fruits are described from a new Upper Palaeocene locality in the Reading Beds near Newbury, southern England. The leaves are assigned to Craspedodromophyllum acutum Crane and correspond in many respects to those of living Betulaceae. The bracts and fruits are assigned to Palaeocarpinus laciniata Crane, which although referable to the Coryleae exhibits a novel combination of the characters of several living genera, particularly Corylus and Carpinus. An argument is presented for the association of these organs as a reconstructed fossil plant which is an extinct member of the Betulaceae. The evolution and fossil record of the Betulaceae are discussed, the late Upper Cretaceous and Palaeocene being regarded as the time at which the characters of modern genera were beginning to differentiate. Carpinus appears to have undergone a major Eurasian diversification during the late Palaeogene and early Neogene. Dispersal in Palaeocarpinus laciniata was probably less specialized than in most extant Coryleae.     

桦木科2个植物名称后选模式的指定

指定了桦木科(Betulaceae)的九龙桦(Betula jiulungensis Hu ex P.C.Li)和天台鹅耳枥(Carpinus tien-taiensis W.C.Cheng)这2个植物名称的后选模式.该2个植物名称发表时,同时指定两号标本为模式,而没指定主模式.     

千金榆花序及花器官发育

在扫描电镜下首次观察了桦木科鹅耳枥属千金榆花序和花的形态发生过程。千金榆雌花序由多个小聚伞花序螺旋状排列组成;每个小花序原基分化出1枚初级苞片和一团小花序原基分生组织,由小花序原基分生组织分化形成2个花原基和2个次级苞片;每个花原基分化出2个心皮原基,形成1个二心皮雌蕊;次级苞片远轴面发育快于近轴面,呈不均等的联合状;雌蕊基部有1层环状花被原基。雄花序为柔荑状,由多个小聚伞花序螺旋状排列组成;每个小花序原基分化出1枚初级苞片和一团小花序原基分生组织,由小花序原基分生组织分化出3个花原基分区,并分化形成3朵小花,小花无花被,位于两侧的小花分别有2枚雄蕊,位于中央的小花有4枚雄蕊,雄蕊共8枚,稀为10枚,该3朵小花为二歧聚伞状排列,其花基数应为2基数。     

Bioremediation potential of a widespread industrial biowaste as renewable and sustainable biosorbent for synthetic dye pollution

In this study, a model synthetic azo dye (Basic red 46) bioremoval by Carpinus betulus sawdust as inexpensive, eco-friendly, and sustainable biosorbent from aqueous solution was examined in a batch biosorption system. The effective environmental parameters on the biosorption process, such as the value of pH, amount of biosorbent, initial dye concentration and contact time were optimized using classical test design. The possible dye-biosorbent interaction was determined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The equilibrium, thermodynamic, and kinetic studies for the biosorption of Basic red 46 onto the sawdust biomass were performed. In addition, a single-stage batch dye biosorption system was also designed. The dye biosorption yield of biosorbent was significantly influenced by the change of operating variables. The experimental data were best described by the Freundlich isotherm model and both the pseudo-first-order kinetic and the pseudo-second-order kinetic models. Thermodynamic research indicated that the biosorption of dye was feasible and spontaneous. Based on the Langmuir isotherm model, the biosorbent was found to have a maximum biosorption potential higher than many other biosorbents in the literature (264.915?mg g^?1). Thus, this investigation presents a novel green option for the assessment of waste sawdust biomass as a cheap and effective biosorbent material.     

云贵鹅耳枥群落物种多样性及其刀切法估计

采用Simpson指数（D)、Shannon-Weiner指数（H）和均匀度（E）等,分析了中亚热带喀斯特山地云贵鹅耳枥群落及其演替过程中的物种多样性特征。并用刀切法对Simpson指数和Shannon-Wiener指数进行了估计。结果表明,云贵鹅耳枥群落的Simpson指数为1．14－3．88,Shannon-Weiner指数为0.50-2.43 ,均匀度为0．19－0．71。随着群落的发育和演替,其物种多样性呈现“高→低→高”的动态变化。Simpson指数的刀切估计值为1．14－3．88,估计区间为1．04－5．10;Shannon-Weiner指数的刀切估计值为0．52－2．58,估计区间为0．24－3．14。刀切法是一种比较有效的估测物种多样性的方法。     

欧洲鹅耳枥叶片愈伤组织诱导及培养研究

以欧洲鹅耳枥带芽叶片作为外植体,研究不同激素种类及其配比对愈伤组织诱导、增殖及分化的影响。结果表明：0.2 mg·L^-1 2,4-D的出愈率最高为96.76%;0.5 mg·L^-1 IBA处理的出愈率为97.22%;0.5 mg·L^-1 NAA的愈伤组织诱导率最高为95.03%。而WPM+0.5 mg·L^-1 BA+0.1 mg·L^-1 NAA+0.5 mg·L^-1 IBA的出愈率为92.83%,WPM+0.5 mg·L^-1 BA+0.5 mg·L^-1 NAA+0.01 mg·L^-1 IBA的出愈率为96.44%,而且诱导出的愈伤组织质量要优于单一激素诱导出的愈伤组织,因此最适合作为欧洲鹅耳枥叶片的诱导培养基。WPM+BA 2.0 mg·L^-1+KT 2.0 mg·L^-1+NAA 0.05 mg·L^-1组合愈伤组织增殖效果最好,最适合欧洲鹅耳枥叶片愈伤组织的增殖培养。WPM+BA 0.5 mg·L^-1+NAA 0.1 mg·L^-1+2,4-D 0.1 mg·L^-1组合愈伤组织诱导分化效果最好,分化率达13.54%。     

云贵鹅耳枥群落乔木种群生态位初探

木文应用Ｌｅｖｉｎ公式和王刚改进公式分别计测了贵阳喀斯特山地云贵鹅耳枥群落中乔木种群的生态位宽度和生态位重叠,并对这些种群的生态位关系及其对群落结构和动态的影响进行了分析。